• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.311-317
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• 2007

The reduction of the Vehicle interior noise has been the main interest of NVH engineers. The driver's perception on the vehicle noise is affected largely by psychoacoustic characteristic of the noise as well as the SPL. The previous methods to evaluation of the SQ about vehicle interior noise are linear regression analysis of subjective SQ metrics by statistics and the estimation of the subjective SQ values by neural network. But these are so depended on jury test very much that they result in many difficulties. So, to reduce jury test weight, we suggested a new method using Mahalanobis distance for SQ evaluation. And, optimal characteristic values influenced on the result of the SQ evaluation were derived by signal to noise ratio(SN ratio) of the Taguchi method. Finally, the new method to evaluate SQ is constructed using Mahalanobis-Taguchi system(MTS). Furthermore, the MTS method for SQ evaluation was compared by the result of SQ grade table at the previous study and their virtues and faults introduced.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2017

Purpose - This study investigated xenophobia that has been a serious social problem, and classified multi-cultural groups in Korea into married immigrant, foreign labor workers and foreign students studying in Korea to examine the effects of fixed idea on multi-cultural persons, multi-cultural education experience, multi-cultural sensitivity, good feeling on multi-cultural persons upon social distance with multi-cultural persons, and to find out counteractions and cultural capacity on the xenophobia. Research design, data, and methodology - The study classified multi-cultural persons into married women immigrant, foreign labor worker, and foreign students studying in Korea to examine the effects of their thoughts on cultural cognition. Self-administered questionnaire was used. The subject was college students in Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam and Chungcheong with industrial complexes, more married women immigrants and more foreign students studying in Korea. Results - As shown in the findings, Korean people had different emotion and preference on married immigrant or foreign students studying in Korea and foreign labor workers. Conclusions - This study investigated the effect of multi-cultural person's cultural distance upon xenophobia. Different preference to multi-cultural persons depending upon fixed idea might produce xenophobia, so that the government was demanded to establish various kinds of policies of lives to live life together with immigrant at government level.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of distance measurements from the medial border of the scapula to the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae when obtained using tape and photography measurements. The study included 20 healthy subjects (10 males, 10 females); for a total of 40 scapula measurements. The distance measurements made using tape or photography methods were conducted with the subject in a standing position. Repeated tape and photography measurements were conducted in two sessions on different days by two examiners to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the two methods. The reliability of scapular distance measured using tape and photography methods was tested using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). The inter-rater reliability of the tape measurement method was excellent (ICC=.77) and the intra-rater reliability was fair to good (ICC=.74). The inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of the photography measurement method were excellent (ICC=.76 and .76 respectively). Our results suggest that photography measurement is an objective and qualitative measurement tool for scapular distance measurements.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권5C호
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• pp.555-560
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• 2009

차량 충돌 위험을 줄이기 위해 거리 측정용 차량 레이더에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. Direct sequence-ultra wideband를 (DS-UWB) 이용한 차량 레이더는 고속으로 이동하는 차량들 사이에서 충분한 시간적인 여유를 두어 목표물까지의 거리를 측정한다. 따라서 UWB 파형을 이용하면 수신기는 거리를 빠르게 측정하여, 충분한 시간적인 여유를 둘 수 있다. 이에 대한 연구가 진행된 바 있으나 본 논문에서는 그보다 간단한 시스템을 기반으로 빠른 처리 속도로 거리를 측정하여 차량 충돌 방지를 위한 시간적 여유를 확보할 수 있는 기법을 제안한다. 그리고 모의실험 결과를 통해 기존 기법보다 빠른 처리 속도를 확인할 수 있다.

• 암석학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1996

The CSD (crystal size distribution) of diopside crystals in the calc-silicate hornfels of the Hwanggangni Formation intruded by the Cretaceous Daeyasan granite shows the patterns of continuous nucleation and growth. There is correlation between the distance from the intrusion contact and the slopes from the linear part of log(population density) vs. size diagrams. In the log(population density) vs. size diagrams of the samples systematically collected from the intrusion contact, two different groups are recognized; the slopes for the samples near the intrusion contact (horizontal distance from the contact less than 50m) are gentler (1500$cm^{-1}$) than those for the samples away from the intrusion contact (2500$cm^{-1}$, distance from the contact greater than 100 m). These differences may reflect the differences in growth rates and crystallization time, or the differences in diopside-forming reactions. All of the log(population density) vs. size diagrams show depletion of smaller crystals. The observed depletion may be due to Ostwald ripening or the changes in nucleation rates as the reactant phases diminishes. Similar grouping is also possible for the observed degree of depletion of smaller crystals; the depletion decreases with increasing distance from the intrusion contact, suggesting temperature-dependent rates of Ostwald ripening.

• 음성과학
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• 제6권
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• pp.163-179
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• 1999

For the set up, management and repair of a mobile communication system, continuous estimation of speech quality is required. Speech quality measurement can be conducted by listener's judgement in a subjective test such as MOS (Mean Opinion Score) test. However, this method is laborious, expensive and time-consuming, it is advisable to predict subjective speech quality via objective measures. This paper presents a robust objective speech quality measure, PLP-CMS (Perceptual Linear Predictive-Cepstral Mean Subtraction), which can predict subjective speech quality in mobile communication systems. PLP-CMS has a high correlation with subjective quality owing to PLP (Perceptual Linear Predictive) analysis and shows a robust performance not being influenced by PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) channel effects due to CMS (Cepstral Mean Subtraction). To prove the performance of our proposed algorithm, we carried out subjective and objective quality estimation on speech samples which are variously distorted in a real mobile communication system. As a result, we demonstrated that PLP-CMS has a higher correlation with subjective quality than PSQM (Perceptual Speech Quality Measure) and PLP-CD (Perceptual Linear Predictive-Cepstral Distance).

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to investigate the specific correlation between physicochemical properties and bioactivity in ecdysteroids found in living organisms. Methods: The examined steroidal compounds were classified into three groups according to their relevance to ecdysone activity. Each compound molecule was completely drawn to automatically calculate its physicochemical parameters and docked against 20-hydroxyecdysone to calculate the total distance. Electronic charge distribution was also observed for each molecule. All procedures were conducted using a computational chemistry program. Results: Ecdysone agonists showed different ranges of parameter values, such as log P, hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), solubility parameter (SP), hydrophilic surface (HPS), hydrogen bond (HB) and Kappa 2, when compared with antagonists and steroids without ecdysone activity. They also showed a similar electronic charge distribution that is significantly different from the electron charge distribution of antagonists and steroids without ecdysone activity. The total distance values of agonists, estimated by docking them with 20-hydroxyecdysone, were relatively small but showed no correlation with binding affinity with receptor ligand. Conclusions: These results suggest that physicochemical properties such as steric and electronic effects, hydrophobicity and hydrogen bonding may operate in combination to determine the binding activity of ecdysteroids to the receptor protein.

• 오토저널
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.36-45
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• 1984

The relationship between vehicle driving pattern and fuel consumption in urban area was studied in Seoul along three representative routes using a test car equipped with all the instruments required for recording modes of traffic and measuring fuel consumption. Correlation with idle speed, fuel consumption and CO concentration of car in use was also measured. The average vehicle speed in Seoul was 31.4 km/h and the time spent in different modes was 23.0% in idle mode, 22.5% in acceleration mode, 32.4% in cruising mode and 22.3% in deceleration mode, respectively. Hence, traffic flow was suggested to be relatively smooth. Fuel consumption per unit distance, .phi. was closely related with trip time spent per unit distance, t, and correlation coefficient obtained from the test car was 0.925, and the relationship between .phi. and t was also obtained from the linear regression with the following equation. .phi.=42.87+0.38 t. Idle speed of vehicle in use was mostly adjusted low and cars which were over the permissible standard of CO concentration (4.5%) were 50% or more. As the idle speed decreased, the fuel consumption was decreased, while the CO concentration was increased. Therefore, the decrease of fuel consumption can not be expected with only a decrease in idle speed.

• 천문학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

In this paper, we investigate the correlation between the radial ultraviolet color distribution and the shapes of the ultraviolet isophote for elliptical galaxies (M32, NGC 1399) and spiral bulges (of M31, M81) by using their archival UIT images. For M31, M81, and NGC 1399, the radial ultraviolet color distributions show a two-component trend; as the distance from the galactic center increase the color becomes redder in the inner region while it becomes bluer in the outer region. On the other hand, the color of M32 continues to become bluer with the increasing galactocentric distance. We also find, unlike the optical/IR images, significant variations of the position angle and the ellipticity in the ultraviolet isophotes of M31, M81, and NGC 1399 through the inner regions. For M32, the variation is significant in the outer region. Since these variation implies the triaxiality of their intrinsic shapes, we suggest that the early-type galaxies and spiral bulges with a radial color gradient in ultraviolet tend to have a triaxiality. On the other hand, the shape parameter characterized by the fourth order cosine Fourier coefficient of the isophote, a(4)/a, indicates that the systematic deviations of the ultraviolet isophotes of the four galaxies are smaller than $\~0.2\%$ in units of the semi-major axis. The latter result implies that the ultraviolet isophotes of the galaxies have a pure elliptical shape rather than the boxy or disky shapes. Therefore, there is no clear evidence of correlation between the radial ultra-violet color gradient and the boxy/disky shapes of isophotes.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.607-616
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• 2019

The video deflectometer based on digital image correlation is a non-contacting optical measurement method which has become a useful tool for characterization of the vertical deflections of large structures. In this study, a novel imaging model has been established which considers the variations of pitch angles in the full image. The new model allows deflection measurement at a wide working distance with high accuracy. A monocular video deflectometer has been accordingly developed with an inclination sensor, which facilitates dynamic determination of the orientations and rotation of the optical axis of the camera. This layout has advantages over the video deflectometers based on theodolites with respect to convenience. Experiments have been presented to show the accuracy of the new imaging model and the performance of the monocular video deflectometer in outdoor applications. Finally, this equipment has been applied to the measurement of the vertical deflection of Yingwuzhou Yangtze River Bridge in real time at a distance of hundreds of meters. The results show good agreement with the embedded GPS outputs.