• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
• /
• v.47 no.7
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2010

In this paper, channel capacity analysis is investigated for design of convergence system of broadcasting and telecommunication. To do this, we derive and analyze channel capacity of the proposed system with dual-branch MRC diversity technique in correlated Hoyt fading channel. Spread spectrum watermarking scheme which is known as a robust promising technique in noisy environment can be applied to transmit additional data sequence. From numerical results, we confirm that the channel capacity of the proposed system can be determined by channel parameters.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.1
• /
• pp.72.2-72.2
• /
• 2012

We present the results of HI 21 cm line observations to explore the nature of the high-velocity (HV) HI gas at - 173${\circ}$, which appears as faint, wing-like, Hi emission that extends to velocities beyond those allowed by Galactic rotation in the low-resolution surveys. We designate this feature as Forbidden Velocity Wing (FVW) 172.8+1.5. Our high-resolution Arecibo HI observations show that FVW 172.8+1.5 is composed of knots, filaments, and ring-like structures distributed over an area of a few degrees in extent. These HV HI emission features are well correlated with the HII complex G173+1.5, which is composed of five Sharpless HII regions distributed along a radio continuum loop of size 4.4${\times}$3.4, or -138 pc ${\times}$ 107 pc, at a distance of 1.8 kpc. G173+1.5 is one of the largest star-forming regions in the outer Galaxy. The HV HI gas and the radio continuum loop seem to trace an expanding shell. Its derived HI parameters including large expansion velocity (55 km/s) imply the SNR interpretation. Hot xray emission is detected within the HII complex, which also supports its SNR origin. The FVW172.8+1.5 is most likely the products of a supernova explosion(s) within the HII complex, possibly in a cluster that triggered the formation of these HII regions.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 2003

Hard disk drives (HDD) in computer are used extensively as data storage capacity. The trend in the computer industry to produce smaller disk drives rotating at higher speeds requires an improved understanding of fluid motion in the space between disks. Laser sheet and digital camera was used for 2-dimensional visualization of the unsteady flow between the center pair of two co-rotating disks in air with a cylindrical enclosure (or shroud). Geometric parameters are gap height (H) between disks, and gap distance (G) between disk tip and shroud. The lobe-structured boundary between inner region and outer region was detected by inserted particles, and the number of dominant vortices was determined clearly It is found from flow visualization that the number of vortex cells can be correlated with Reynolds number based on H which is defined as $Re_H={\Omega}RH/v$ ranging from $3.18\times10^3\;to\;1.43\times10^4$, and decreases as the disk speed increases. The lobe pattern by vortex cells is changed to a circular pattern for the wide gap than narrow one.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 1969

The serum thyroxine levels were measured by method of Tetrasorb Kit in 69 subjects including 13 subjects in euthyroid state, 31 with hyperthyroidism, 5 with hypothyroidism, 13 with nontoxic diffuse goiter, and 7 with nontoxic nodular goiter. Three parameters of the thyroid function test including thyroxine ($T_4$) levels, $^{131}I$ uptake (24 hrs) values and $PB^{131}I$ conversion ratio were correlated with clinical manifestations and courses of the disease. 1. The serum $T_4$ levels in the normal subjects were in range of $6.0{\mu}g/dl\;to\;14.4{\mu}g/dl$. (The mean $9.4{\mu}g/dl$). 2. The diagnostic compatibility of the serum $T_4$ was 93.5% in hyperthyroidism, 100% both in hypothyroidism and in nontoxic diffuse goiter, 86% in nontoxic nodular goiter, or 95.8% in the entire series. (Table 1). 3. The diagnostic compatibility of $^{131}I$ uptake (24 hrs) values and $PB^{131}I$ conversion ratio were less than the serum $T_4$ levels as summarized in Tables 2 & 3. The serum $T_4$ determination by Tetrasorb Kit is a simple, accurate and very useful test of the thyroid function.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.931-936
• /
• 2006

This study sought to investigate any additive or interactive effects that soy isoflavones may have on the ecosystem of the gut, which is influenced by fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in colon-cancer model rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine were given experimental diets containing 0, 3, 6, or 9% FOS with or without 0.1% soy isoflavone for 12 weeks. In addition to the effects of FOS dosage on the gut ecosystem, dietary supplementation with soy isoflavone reduced the number of colonic aberrant crypts (ACs). The fecal weight, fecal pH, and gut transit time significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner in rats fed FOS and the fecal concentration of bifidobacteria was higher in rats fed FOS than in control rats. The fecal output of total short-chain fatty acids, acetate, and propionate was significantly increased by the presence of FOS and was negatively correlated with the number of ACs, whereas the fecal output of butyrate showed no significant correlation with FOS dosage. The addition of soy isoflavone to the diet did not result in any significant differences in gut ecosystem parameters. Therefore, we conclude that the suppressive effect of soy isoflavone on ACs was not associated with the intestinal ecosystem, which was significantly altered by the dosage of FOS.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.35 no.8
• /
• pp.2285-2289
• /
• 2014

The solvolysis rate constants of 5-dimethylamino-naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride ($(CH_3)_2NC_{10}H_6SO_2Cl$, 1) in 31 different solvents are well correlated with the extended Grunwald-Winstein equation, using the $N_T$ solvent nucleophilicity scale and $Y_{Cl}$ solvent ionizing scale with sensitivity values of $0.96{\pm}0.09$ and $0.53{\pm}0.03$ for l and m, respectively; the correlation coefficient value was 0.955. These l and m values can be considered to support an $S_N2$ reaction pathway having a transition state (TS) structure similar to that of the benzenesulfonyl chloride reaction. This interpretation is further supported by the activation parameters, i.e., relatively small positive ${\Delta}H^{\neq}$ (12.0 to $15.9kcal{\cdot}mol^{-1}$) and large negative ${\Delta}S^{\neq}$ (-23.1 to $-36.3cal{\cdot}mol^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$) values, and the solvent kinetic isotope effects (SKIEs, 1.34 to 1.88). Also, the selectivity values (S = 1.2 to 2.9) obtained in binary solvents are consistent with the proposed mechanism.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we propose a VQ codebook design of speech recognition feature parameters in order to improve the performance of a distributed speech recognition system. For the context-dependent HMMs, a VQ codebook should be correlated with phonetic distributions in the training data for HMMs. Thus, we focus on a selection method of training data based on phonetic distribution instead of using all the training data for an efficient VQ codebook design. From the speech recognition experiments using the Aurora 4 database, the distributed speech recognition system employing a VQ codebook designed by the proposed method reduced the word error rate (WER) by 10% when compared with that using a VQ codebook trained with the whole training data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.742-747
• /
• 2004

Hard disk drives (HDD) in computer are used extensively as data storage capacity. PIV measurement system was used fur 2-dimensional visualization of the unsteady flow between co-rotating disks in air both with a shroud and both with a actual-like case. Geometric parameters are gap height (H) between disks in the case of shroud. The lobe- structured boundary between inner region and outer region was visualized, and the number of dominant vertices was determined clearly. It is found from flow visualization that the number of vortex cells can be correlated with Reynolds number based on H which is defined as R $e_{H}$ =ΩRH/v ranging from 7.96$\times$10$^2$ to 1.43$\times$10$^4$, and decreases as the disk speed increases. In the case of a actual-like case, the boundary between inner region and outer region appears cleary when head position located at outer diameter with no damper. It is detected with a case of head position middle diameter that the tip wake is generated behind HGA using PIV measurement and calculation.n.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.84-101
• /
• 2010

Objectives : This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Seonpyejeongcheon-tang (SJT) on elastase-induced lung injury. Materials and Methods : The extract of SJT was treated to A549 cells and an elastase-induced lung injury mouse model. Then, various parameters such as cell-based cytoprotective activity and histopathological findings were analyzed. Results : SJT showed a protective effect on elastase-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells. This effect was correlated with analysis for caspase 3 levels, collagen and elastin contents, protein level of cyclin B 1, Cdk1, and Erk1/2, and gene expression of TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ in A549 cells. SJT treatment also revealed a protective effect on elastase-induced lung injury in mouse model. This effect was evidenced via histopathological findings, including immunofluoresence stains against elastin, collagen, and caspase 3, and protein levels of cyclin B1, Cdc2, and Erk1/2 in lung tissue. Conclusion : These data suggest that SJT has pharmaceutical properties on lung injury. This study thus provides scientific evidence for the efficacy of SJT for clinical application to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.325-330
• /
• 2002

In this study, the biochemical role of genetic polymorphism in modulating urinary excretion of benzene metabolite as phenol level has been investigated in 90 workers exposed to benzene in the petroleum refinery plant of Korea. The mean concentration of volatile benzene in the refinery environment was 0.042 mg/㎥ (SD, 0.069) and that of urinary phenol was 7.42 mg/g creatinine (SD, 11.3). The frequencies of CYP2E1 genotypes, namely CYP2E1$^*1$/$^*1$, CYP2E1$^*1$/$^*2$ and CYP2E1$^*2$/$^*2$ were 2.2% (2 subjects), 6.7% (G subjects) and 91.1% (85 subjects), respectively, and allele frequencies for CYP2E1$^*1$ and CYP2E1$^*2$ were 0.06 and 0.94. The airborne benzene concentration was significantly related to the concentration of phenol in urine (r = 0.640, p < 0.01). The urinary phenol level was significantly correlated with CYP2E1$^*2$/$^*2$ (r = 0.590, p < 0.05). The various biological (i.e. age and liver function parameters) or lifestyle factors (i.e. medication, smoking, alcohol and coffee intake), also taken into account as potential confounders, did not influence the correlation found. These results suggested that CYP2E1 genotypes might play an important role in the metabolism of benzene.