• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.97-97
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• 2022

The yield characteristics of corn for feed by sowing period and the crude protein, crude fat, and coarse flour contents of grain in the harvesting period were compared. The varieties are Kwangpyeongok(KPO), Dapyeongok(DPO) and Pyeonggangok(PGO), and cultivation was tested by the National Food Engineering Department and the Central Crop Department. It was sown at a planting distance of 70×25cm on April 15, June 14, and July 15, 2021, and the amount of fertilizer was applied through soil inspection. For the growth characteristics, plant height, biomass and grain weight were investigated after 50 days of sowing, and general components were analyzed by drying and pulverizing each seed. Compared to the results of sowing in April, which is the right time to sow corn, all three varieties sown on June 14 showed an increase in biomass. In the case of sowing on July 15, the fresh weight of KPO and DPO decreased, and the grain weight of KPO and PGO decreased by 10-20% compared to the sowing in April. There was no significant difference in the crude protein content of grain according to the sowing seasons in April and June, but decreased in the corn sown in July. The crude fat content was highest in KPO sown on June 14 and DPO sown on July 15. Combining the yield and general composition results, it is thought that the cultivation of corn for feed in Suwon in the central part can be sown by mid-June.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.203-210
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• 1998

Environmental concerns arising from synthetic herbicides in plant management systems have led to an interest in plant-derived compounds as natural herbicides. Inhibitory effects of compounds extracted with 50% methanol from corn (Zea mays L.) and pine (Pinus densiflora L.) were evaluated on large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), annual bluegrass Poa annua L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) The aqueous extracts inhibited seed germination and had postemergence activity on the four species. The stability of biological activity of corn grain, stover, and root extracts was not affected by heating to $135^{\circ}C$ or freezing/thawing treatments when applied at levels above 0.25kg m(sup)-2 based on dry weights of powders before extraction. Heating reduced the activity of pine litter and bark extracts at all levels except the highest application level but had little effect on pine needle extracts.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.531-535
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• 1998

This study was conducted to test the effect of chitosan, grape fruit seed extracts(GFSE) and sodium hypochloride gas on the control of mycotoxin producing pathogens occurred kin postharvest grains. Among the treatments, sodium hypochloride gas showed the highest control effect on wheat, soybean and corn see maintained in natural conditions after postharvest and GFSE had a little control effect, but chitosan treatment had no effect. Sodium hypochloride gas exhibited the strongest control effect on the major mycotoxin producing pathogens such as Penicillium spp. Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp., whereas GFSE had a little control effect. Sodium hypochloride gas appeared to be effective when the grains were treated with this gas more than 24 hours.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2017

Sweet corns are enjoyed worldwide as processed products and fresh ears. Types of sweet corn are based on the gene(s) involved. The oldest sweet corn type has a gene called "sugary (su)". Sugary-based sweet corn was typically named "sweet corn". With its relatively short shelf life and the discovery of a complementary gene, "sugary enhanced (se)", the sweet corn (su only) was rapidly replaced with another type of sweet corns, sugary enhanced sweet corn, which has recessive homozygous su/su, se/se genotype. With the incorporation of se/se genotype into existing su/su genotype, sugary enhanced sweet corn has better shelf life and increased sweetness while maintaining its creamy texture due to high level of water soluble polysaccharide, phytoglycogen. Super sweet corn as the name implies has higher level of sweetness and better shelf life than sugary enhanced sweet corn due to "shrunken2 (sh2)" gene although there's no creamy texture of su-based sweet corns. Distinction between sh2/sh2 and su/su genotypes in seeds is phenotypically possible. The Involvement of se/se genotype under su/su genotype, however, is visually impossible. The genotype sh2/sh2 is also phenotypically epistatic to su/su genotype when both genotypes are present in an individual, meaning the seed shape for double recessive sh2/sh2 su/su genotype is much the same as sh2/sh2 +/+ genotype. Hence, identifying the double and triple recessive homozygous genotypes from su, se and sh2 genes involves a testcross to single recessive genotype, chemical analysis or DNA-based marker development. For these reasons, sweetcorn breeders were hastened to put them together into one cultivar. This, however, appears to be no longer the case. Sweet corn companies began to sell their sweet corn hybrids with different combinations of abovementioned three genes under a few different trademarks or genetic codes, i.g. Sweet $Breed^{TM}$, Sweet $Gene^{TM}$, Synergistic corn, Augmented Supersweet corn. A total of 49 commercial sweet corn F1 hybrids with B73 as a check were genotyped using DNA-based markers. The genotype of field corn inbred B73 was +/+ +/+ +/+ for su, se and sh2 as expected. All twelve sugary enhanced sweet corn hybrids had the genotype of su/su se/se +/+. Of sixteen synergistic hybrids, thirteen cultivars had su/su se/se sh2/+ genotype while the genotype of two hybrids and the remaining one hybrid was su/su se/+ sh2/+, and su/su +/+ sh2/+, respectively. The synergistic hybrids all were recessive homozygous for su gene and heterozygous for sh2 gene. Among the fifteen augmented supersweet hybrids, only one hybrid was triple recessive homozygous (su/su se/se sh2/sh2). All the other hybrids had su/su se/+ sh2/sh2 for one hybrid, su/su +/+ sh2/sh2 for three hybrids, su/+ se/se sh2/sh2 for three hybrids, su/+ se/+ sh2/sh2 for four hybrids, and su/+ +/+ sh2/sh2 for three hybrids, respectively. What was believed to be a classic super sweet corn hybrids also had various genotypic combination. There were only two hybrids that turned out to be single recessive sh2 homozygous (+/+ +/+ sh2/sh2) while all the other five hybrids could be classified as one of augmented supersweet genotypes. Implication of the results for extension service and sweet corn breeding will be discussed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.476-485
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• 1992

M1 plants which were produced from seed soaking in chemical mutagen, EMS or NaN$_3$, appeared wide morphorogical variations such as dwarf, albino, twisted leaf, white streaked leaf, and purpled stem. In mutants of reproductive organs, there were monoecious plants such as female-flower plant and male-flower plant, multiple spikes, and steriled plants among M1 plants. Also, barren stalk was increased significantly in M1 plants. Ear bagging at ear initiation stage prevented seed set on cob in normal plants. In spite of ear bagging, M1 plants which had cobs with seed set was 3.9-11.2% of stalks developed from seeds soaking with mutagens, but only three or four kernels could be matured on a cob. Ear bagging after mutagen injection into initiating ear produced 5.1-10% in cobs with seed set, but only 1.7-6.3 kernels could be matured. Cobs removed silk at four hours after artificial pollination increased the rate of cobs with seed set to 27%. Microscopic observation confirmed that ontogeny of kernels matured from ear bagging and mutagen treatment would be both adventitious and diplosporous apomictic reproduction. Chromosome set of M2 seedling was found to be diploid type in chromosomal counting of root tip. As M$_2$ plants showed an uniform appearence within each lines and their CV of plant height were ranged 4-6% in each lines, we concluded that they were apomictic progeny. But we could not find any marker traits combined with apomixis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.312-319
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• 1991

This study was designed to observe the effects of the fish oil and some seed oils on the improvement of the lipid composition in rats. In order to induce the triglyceridemia in the rats of the Sprague-Dawley, 12% coconut oil and 3％ each of olive oil, lard, fish oil, perilla oil, corn oil, red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil were administered to the rats for tweets. Total cholesterol concentrations of serum were lower in the fish oil, perilla oil and corn oil groups and by for higher in the red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil groups than in the olive oil group(control group). HDL-cholesterol concentrations were a little higher in the red pepper oil and evening primrose oil groups. In the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentrations to total cholesterol concentrations, all groups were higher percentage than the control group. Cholesteryl ester concentrations of serum were high in n-6 PUFA rich red pepper seed oil and evening primrose oil group. In the ratio of cholesteryl ester concentrations to total cholesterol, all groups(70.0~74.4%)were higher than the control group(62％). Phospholipid concentrations of serum were low in the fish oil and perilla oil groups and triglyceride concentrations were remarkably lower in the fish oil and evening primrose oil groups than in the control group. LCAT activities of serum were higher in the lard group than in the control group, but lower in the other groups.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.256-261
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• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of barley tea with roasted grains and barley tea with a tea bag on the reduction of chlorination by-product(CBP) levels in chlorinated drinking water. Since the concentrations of six volatile compounds of eight CBPs were blow their respective detection limits after 10 minute heating, two nonvolatile CBPs dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid, and total chlorine were compared between tap water and two kinds of barley tea. No significant differences were observed in the relative changes of the amounts of the above three items, and new peaks which were not found in the original water appeared in the chromatograms of gas chromatograph/electron capture detector(GC/ECD). Thirty three organic compounds were identified in the extracts of barley tea with roasted grains, barley tea with a tea bag, corn tea, and Cassia tora seed tea which were prepared with distilled/deionized water, using gas chromatography/mass selective detection(GC/MSD). Exclusive of fatty acids, most of the compounds were aromatic compounds such as phenols, furans, and pyrroles.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.334-340
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• 2007

A super sweet corn hybrid, "Cambella 90", was grown at 5 plant populations (35,000, 45,000, 55,000, 65,000, 75,000 plants/ha) on 1 April, 1 May, and 1 June in 2004 under black polyethylene (P. E.) film mulch to find out the optimum plant populations at different planting dates. Emergence rate and percent stand increased as planting dates delayed. Culm length and ear height were highest at the planting on 1 May and increased with increased plant population. Soluble solids content was highest at the planting on 1 May and decreased as plant population increased. Ear length, seed set ear length, ear diameter, and ear weight decreased as plant population increased. Seed set ear length could not substitute for ear weight to evaluate marketable ears. The optimum plant population of "Cambella 90" was $65,000{\sim}75,000$ plants/ha at the planting on 1 April when emergence rate was low due to low temperature, $55,000{\sim}65,000$ plants/ha at the planting on 1 May, and 65,000 plants/ ha after the planting on 1 June.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.119-126
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• 2021

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary supplement of rubber seed oil on production performance, egg quality, and yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens during a 16-week feeding trial period. Methods: Forty-eight 25-week-old laying hens of Hy-Line Brown were randomly divided into three groups. Each group comprised four replicates and each replicate had four birds. Rubber seed oil was incorporated into a corn-soybean meal basal diet by 3.5% (group I), 4.5% (group II), or 0 (control group) and equivalent nutrition was supplied for the test groups and the control group. The performance related values were determined using standard or well established methods. Results: No significant difference was found in the production performance, the egg quality, the composition of saturated fatty acids, and the content of cholesterol and monounsaturated fatty acids in the yolk within the three groups. Interestingly, both test groups achieved a significantly higher content of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid and a significantly lower content of arachidonic acid (p<0.05) compared with the control group. With the increased level of dietary rubber seed oil, there was an increasing trend in the content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-3 PUFA and total PUFA, but a declining trend in the n-6/n-3 ratio. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the rubber seed oil supplemented diet effectively improved the total PUFA content in eggs without impairing the layers' production performance and the egg quality.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 1994

The mode of safening action and potency of the 1, 8-naphthalic anhydride(NA) were investigated in corn(Zea mays) and soybean(Glycine max) treated with herbicide bensulfuron[2-{{{{{(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)amino}carbonyl}amino}sulfonyl}methyl}benzoic acid] and imazaquin[2-{4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl} 3-quinolinonecarboxylic acid]. Seed dressing with 0.2%(w/w) NA showed successful protection in corn against injury from herbicide bensulfuron and imazaquin but not in soybean. Safening factors of NA against bensulfuron and imazaquin were 10.2 and 5.0, respectively, in corn, while they were both 1.3 in soybean. In vivo, Glutathione-S-transferase(GST) activity of NA-treated corn and soybean increased 1.8-and 1.3-fold, respectively, but the activity was not affected by the herbicides in vitro. Acetolactate synthase(ALS) levels of NA-treated corn was increased 1.3-fold, but not changed in soybean. Tolerance of ALS activity to the herbicides was slightly greater in ALS obtained from NA-treated corn than that from the untreated, whereas the difference was not found in soybean. A significant increase of ACCase due to NA occurred in corn, but not in soybean. The herbicides did not affect in vitro ACCase activity.