• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2021

Breast cancer is the number one cause of deaths from cancer in women, knowing the type of breast cancer in the early stages can help us to prevent the dangers of the next stage. The performance of the deep learning depends on large number of labeled data, this paper presented convolutional neural network for classification breast cancer from images to benign or malignant. our network contains 11 layers and ends with softmax for the output, the experiments result using public BreakHis dataset, and the proposed methods outperformed the state-of-the-art methods.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.371-380
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• 2022

합성곱 신경망은 이미지와 같은 격자 형태로 배열된 데이터를 다루는데 널리 사용되고 있는 신경망이다. 일반적인 합성곱 신경망은 합성곱층과 완전연결층으로 구성되며 각 층은 비선형활성함수를 포함하고 있다. 본 논문은 합성곱 신경망의 성능을 향상시키기 위해 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수를 제안한다. 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수는 활성함수의 크기와 위치를 변환시키는 파라미터를 적용한 파라메트릭 활성함수들을 여러 번 더하여 만들어진다. 여러 개의 크기, 위치를 변환하는 파라미터에 따라 다양한 비선형간격을 만들 수 있으며, 파라미터는 주어진 입력데이터에 의해 계산된 손실함수를 최소화하는 방향으로 학습할 수 있다. 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수를 사용한 합성곱 신경망의 성능을 MNIST, Fashion MNIST, CIFAR10 그리고 CIFAR100 분류문제에 대해 실험한 결과, 다른 활성함수들보다 우수한 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose facial expression recognition using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), one of the deep learning technologies. The proposed structure has general classification performance for any environment or subject. For this purpose, we collect a variety of databases and organize the database into six expression classes such as 'expressionless', 'happy', 'sad', 'angry', 'surprised' and 'disgusted'. Pre-processing and data augmentation techniques are applied to improve training efficiency and classification performance. In the existing CNN structure, the optimal structure that best expresses the features of six facial expressions is found by adjusting the number of feature maps of the convolutional layer and the number of nodes of fully-connected layer. The experimental results show good classification performance compared to the state-of-the-arts in experiments of the cross validation and the cross database. Also, compared to other conventional models, it is confirmed that the proposed structure is superior in classification performance with less execution time.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1244-1253
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• 2018

The color of traffic light is sensitive to various illumination conditions. Especially it loses the hue information when oversaturation happens on the lighting area. This paper proposes a traffic light recognition method robust to these illumination variations. The method consists of two steps of traffic light detection and recognition. It just uses the intensity and saturation in the first step of traffic light detection. It delays the use of hue information until it reaches to the second step of recognizing the signal of traffic light. We utilized a deep learning technique in the second step. We designed a deep convolutional neural network(DCNN) which is composed of three convolutional networks and two fully connected networks. 12 video clips were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Experimental results show the performance of traffic light detection reporting the precision of 93.9%, the recall of 91.6%, and the recognition accuracy of 89.4%. Considering that the maximum distance between the camera and traffic lights is 70m, the results shows that the proposed method is effective.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyse and review deep learning convolutional neural networks for detecting and diagnosing early-stage dental caries on periapical radiographs. Materials and Methods: In order to conduct this review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Studies published from 2015 to 2021 under the keywords(deep convolutional neural network) AND (caries), (deep learning caries) AND (convolutional neural network) AND (caries) were systematically reviewed. Results: When dental caries is improperly diagnosed, the lesion may eventually invade the enamel, dentin, and pulp tissue, leading to loss of tooth function. Rapid and precise detection and diagnosis are vital for implementing appropriate prevention and treatment of dental caries. Radiography and intraoral images are considered to play a vital role in detecting dental caries; nevertheless, studies have shown that 20% of suspicious areas are mistakenly diagnosed as dental caries using this technique; hence, diagnosis via radiography alone without an objective assessment is inaccurate. Identifying caries with a deep convolutional neural network-based detector enables the operator to distinguish changes in the location and morphological features of dental caries lesions. Deep learning algorithms have broader and more profound layers and are continually being developed, remarkably enhancing their precision in detecting and segmenting objects. Conclusion: Clinical applications of deep learning convolutional neural networks in the dental field have shown significant accuracy in detecting and diagnosing dental caries, and these models hold promise in supporting dental practitioners to improve patient outcomes.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2017

기존의 수작업으로 이루어지는 터널에서의 균열 검출은 점검자의 주관에 따라 균열을 판별하기 때문에 객관성을 보장하기 어렵다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 터널에서 획득된 영상을 기반으로 균열을 검출하는 시스템이 많이 제안되었다. 하지만 기존의 방법은 터널 내부의 조명 상태, 균열 이외의 기타 에지 등 잡음에 상당히 민감하다. 이러한 단점은 터널의 상태에 따라 알고리즘의 성능을 크게 제한시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위하여 컨볼루셔널 인코더-디코더 네트워크(Convolutional encoder-decoder network)를 이용한 균열 검출 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 방법은 재현율과 정확률의 비교를 통하여 기존 연구에 비해 성능이 크게 향상되었음을 보였다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.337-351
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• 2021

Automatically recognizing facial expressions in video sequences is a challenging task because there is little direct correlation between facial features and subjective emotions in video. To overcome the problem, a video facial expression recognition method using spatiotemporal recurrent neural network and feature fusion is proposed. Firstly, the video is preprocessed. Then, the double-layer cascade structure is used to detect a face in a video image. In addition, two deep convolutional neural networks are used to extract the time-domain and airspace facial features in the video. The spatial convolutional neural network is used to extract the spatial information features from each frame of the static expression images in the video. The temporal convolutional neural network is used to extract the dynamic information features from the optical flow information from multiple frames of expression images in the video. A multiplication fusion is performed with the spatiotemporal features learned by the two deep convolutional neural networks. Finally, the fused features are input to the support vector machine to realize the facial expression classification task. The experimental results on cNTERFACE, RML, and AFEW6.0 datasets show that the recognition rates obtained by the proposed method are as high as 88.67%, 70.32%, and 63.84%, respectively. Comparative experiments show that the proposed method obtains higher recognition accuracy than other recently reported methods.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2021

Recently, image super-resolution techniques used in convolutional neural networks (CNN) have led to remarkable performance in the research area of digital image processing applications and computer vision tasks. Convolutional layers stacked on top of each other can design a more complex network architecture, but they also use more memory in terms of the number of parameters and introduce the vanishing gradient problem during training. Furthermore, earlier approaches of single image super-resolution used interpolation technique as a pre-processing stage to upscale the low-resolution image into HR image. The design of these approaches is simple, but not effective and insert the newer unwanted pixels (noises) in the reconstructed HR image. In this paper, authors are propose a novel single image super-resolution architecture based on synchronized depthwise separable convolution with Dense Skip Connection Block (DSCB). In addition, unlike existing SR methods that only rely on single path, but our proposed method used the synchronizes path for generating the SISR image. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments show that our method (SDCN) achieves promising improvements than other state-of-the-art methods.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.441-449
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• 2018

Deep learning has been used for various processing centered on image recognition. One core algorithms of the deep learning, convolutional neural network is an deep neural network that specialized in image recognition. In this paper, we use a convolutional neural network to classify forest insects and propose an optimization method. Experiments were carried out by combining two weight initialization and six parameter update methods. As a result, the Xavier-SGD method showed the highest performance with an accuracy of 82.53% in the 12 different combinations of experiments. Through this, the latest learning algorithms, which complement the disadvantages of the previous parameter update method, we conclude that it can not lead to higher performance than existing methods in all application environments.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2021

For stereo matching based on deep learning, the design of network structure is crucial to the calculation of matching cost, and the time-consuming problem of convolutional neural network in image processing also needs to be solved urgently. In this paper, a method of stereo matching using sparse loss volume in parallax dimension is proposed. A sparse 3D loss volume is constructed by using a wide step length translation of the right view feature map, which reduces the video memory and computing resources required by the 3D convolution module by several times. In order to improve the accuracy of the algorithm, the nonlinear up-sampling of the matching loss in the parallax dimension is carried out by using the method of multi-category output, and the training model is combined with two kinds of loss functions. Compared with the benchmark algorithm, the proposed algorithm not only improves the accuracy but also shortens the running time by about 30%.