• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.164-169
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• 2008

The increasing late-payment rate of credit card customers caused by a recent economic downturn are incurring not only reduced profit of department stores but also significant loss. Under this pressure, the objective of credit forecasting is extended from presumption of good or bad customers to contribution to revenue growth. As a method of managing defaults of department store credit card, this study classifies credit delinquents into some clusters, analyzes repaying patterns of customers in each cluster, and develops credit forecasting system to manage delinquents of department store credit card using data of Korean D department store's delinquents. The model presented by this study uses Kohonen network, a kind of artificial neural network of data mining techniques to cluster credit delinquents into groups. Logistic regression model is also used to predict repayment rate of customers of each cluster per period. The accuracy of presented system for the whole clusters is 92.3%.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1043-1048
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• 2013

Authorities of the major industrialized countries infer that technological advances have a greater contribution to economic growth compared to traditional factors of production such as labor and capital and are actively pursuing investment in research and development. We have examined quantitatively the effect of R & D investment on exports in the IT sector in this study. Based on that results, how much of R & D investment in the IT sector should be made in order to reach trade surplus of two trillion dollars, which Korea government has aimed in 2020, is also to be analyzed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.159-164
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• 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has widely spread and has become a global problem. The pandemic has had a negative impact on most countries and on the global economic growth. In the real estate and housing market, the impact of the pandemic has directly disrupted the supply of raw materials and human resources. In case of Vietnam, the real estate and housing markets are increasingly becoming important contributors to Vietnam's economy, with a combined contribution of approximately 6% to the GDP of the country. Also, the pandemic has negatively affected the real estate in Vietnam. Using a sample data of 220 home, apartment and real estate buyers in the period of April 2020 to Apr 2021 in Nam Tu Liem and Cau Giay districts, Hanoi, the research results demonstrate that the area of the house, the number of beds, and the location of the land show a positive influence on the real estate price. Meanwhile, the distance from the land to the center of the district has a negative effect on the price, which means that the further away a land is from the center, lower is its price.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.341-358
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• 2013

Due to fast growth in urbanisation, a highly developed infrastructure is essential for economic growth and prosperity. One of the major problems is to preserve, maintain, and retrofit these structures. To meet the requirements of construction industry, the basic information on all the mechanical properties of various concretes is essential. This paper presents the details of development of various concretes, namely, normal strength concrete (around 50 MPa), high strength concrete (around 85 MPa) and ultra high strength concrete (UHSC) (around 120 MPa) including their mechanical properties. The various mechanical properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, fracture energy and tensile stress vs crack width have been obtained from the respective test results. It is observed from the studies that a higher value of compressive strength, split tensile strength and fracture energy is achieved in the case of UHSC, which can be attributed to the contribution at different scales viz., at the meso scale due to the fibers and at the micro scale due to the close packing of grains which is on account of good grading of the particles. Micro structure of UHSC mix has been examined for various magnifications to identify the pores if any present in the mix. Brief note on characteristic length and brittleness number has been given.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2016

Energy self-reliance is important for economic growth and development for any nation. An energy self-reliance technological analysis for Kampala the capital city of Uganda is presented. Three renewable energy sources: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), solar and wind are assessed for the period of 2014 to 2030. Annual MSW generation will increase from $6.2{\times}10^5$ tons in 2014 to $8.5{\times}10^5$ and $1.14{\times}10^6$ tons by 2030 at 2% and 3.9% population growth respectively. MSW energy recovery yield varies from 136.7 GWh (2014, 65% collection) to 387.9 GWh (2030, 100% collection). MSW can at best contribute 2.1% and 1.6% to total Kampala energy demands for 2014 and 2030 respectively. Wind contribution is 5.6% and 2.3% in those respective years. To meet Kampala energy demands through solar, 26.6% of Kampala area and 2.4 times her size is required for panel installation in 2014 and 2030 respectively. This study concludes that improving renewable energy production may not necessarily translate into energy self-reliant Kampala City based on current and predicted conditions on a business as usual energy utilization situation. More studies should be done to integrate improvement in renewable energy production with improvement in efficiency in energy utilization.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.253-263
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze of existing concepts of female entrepreneurship, evaluation of women's entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan and development of recommendations for its development in the country. This paper begins by reviewing research on female entrepreneurship. In this research, authors proposed the methodological tools based on systematic approach using economic and statistic methods and 5Ms concept. Analysis algorithm consists of four stages: evaluation of women entrepreneurship scale and business directions, analysis of employment in women's enterprises and business environment in Kazakhstan. The main limitation of this study was the lack of some gender-related indicators on the development of entrepreneurship. Further, the obtained results showed strong and weak points of female entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. According to the results, there has observed increase in contribution of women in social-economic development of the republic, women's entrepreneurial activity is increasing, and the number of enterprises headed by them is growing. However, the growth of female entrepreneurship occurs while maintaining their insignificance in terms of turnover and number of employees. There is a pronounced industry specificity of female entrepreneurship: the service sector. In accordance with this, there were identified priority areas and there were developed recommendations for the development of female entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.262-274
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• 1998

The national goals of basic science and technology Policy toward the 21st century are as follows ; first, advancement of knowledge second, production of the excellent scientists and engineers third, contribution to the economic growth and to the improvement of the quality of life. The strategies for reaching the national goals of basic S&T are as follows ; \circled1 enhance the government funding in basic S&T research, \circled2 enforce the connection between research and education, \circled3 extent S&T linkage internationally, \circled4 introduce the priority criteria among the research fields, \circled5 increase the effectiveness of government R& D expenditure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.786-787
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• 2007

Nowadays the concern about development and diffusion strategies of new & renewable energy and its technologies is getting higher globally as Kyoto Protocol has taken effect this year and oil has been rising in price tremendously. Developed countries have already commenced the study and research for this problem and are looking for various solutions. In this paper, R&D environments and diffusion status solar thermal energy in the United States are analyzed and the probability of application into Korea case is observed. To achieve this observation, correlations between US case and Korea case is estimated and the variation of duration and amounts in R&D and the R&D contribution to national economic growth are considered.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.115-137
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• 2010

Information technology (IT) outsourcing, the use of a third-party vendor to provide IT services, started in the late 1980s and early 1990s in Korea, and has increased rapidly since 2000. Recently, firms have increased their efforts to capture greater value from IT outsourcing. To date, there have been a large number of studies on IT outsourcing. Most prior studies on IT outsourcing have focused on outsourcing practices and decisions, and little attention has been paid to objectively measuring the value of IT outsourcing. In addition, studies that examined the performance of IT outsourcing have mainly relied on anecdotal evidence or practitioners' perceptions. Our study examines the contribution of IT outsourcing to economic growth in Korean industries over the 1990 to 2007 period, using a production function framework and a panel data set for 54 industries constructed from input-output tables, fixed-capital formation tables, and employment tables. Based on the framework and estimation procedures that Han, Kauffman and Nault (2010) used to examine the economic impact of IT outsourcing in U.S. industries, we evaluate the impact of IT outsourcing on output and productivity in Korean industries. Because IT outsourcing started to grow at a significantly more rapid pace in 2000, we compare the impact of IT outsourcing in pre- and post-2000 periods. Our industry-level panel data cover a large proportion of Korean economy-54 out of 58 Korean industries. This allows us greater opportunity to assess the impacts of IT outsourcing on objective performance measures, such as output and productivity. Using IT outsourcing and IT capital as our primary independent variables, we employ an extended Cobb-Douglas production function in which both variables are treated as factor inputs. We also derive and estimate a labor productivity equation to assess the impact of our IT variables on labor productivity. We use data from seven years (1990, 1993, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, and 2007) for which both input-output tables and fixed-capital formation tables are available. Combining the input-output tables and fixed-capital formation tables resulted in 54 industries. IT outsourcing is measured as the value of computer-related services purchased by each industry in a given year. All the variables have been converted to 2000 Korean Won using GDP deflators. To calculate labor hours, we use the average work hours for each sector provided by the OECD. To effectively control for heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation present in our dataset, we use the feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) procedures. Because the AR1 process may be industry-specific (i.e., panel-specific), we consider both common AR1 and panel-specific AR1 (PSAR1) processes in our estimations. We also include year dummies to control for year-specific effects common across industries, and sector dummies (as defined in the GDP deflator) to control for time-invariant sector-specific effects. Based on the full sample of 378 observations, we find that a 1% increase in IT outsourcing is associated with a 0.012~0.014% increase in gross output and a 1% increase in IT capital is associated with a 0.024~0.027% increase in gross output. To compare the contribution of IT outsourcing relative to that of IT capital, we examined gross marginal product (GMP). The average GMP of IT outsourcing was 6.423, which is substantially greater than that of IT capital at 2.093. This indicates that on average if an industry invests KRW 1 millon, it can increase its output by KRW 6.4 million. In terms of the contribution to labor productivity, we find that a 1% increase in IT outsourcing is associated with a 0.009~0.01% increase in labor productivity while a 1% increase in IT capital is associated with a 0.024~0.025% increase in labor productivity. Overall, our results indicate that IT outsourcing has made positive and economically meaningful contributions to output and productivity in Korean industries over the 1990 to 2007 period. The average GMP of IT outsourcing we report about Korean industries is 1.44 times greater than that in U.S. industries reported in Han et al. (2010). Further, we find that the contribution of IT outsourcing has been significantly greater in the 2000~2007 period during which the growth of IT outsourcing accelerated. Our study provides implication for policymakers and managers. First, our results suggest that Korean industries can capture further benefits by increasing investments in IT outsourcing. Second, our analyses and results provide a basis for managers to assess the impact of investments in IT outsourcing and IT capital in an objective and quantitative manner. Building on our study, future research should examine the impact of IT outsourcing at a more detailed industry level and the firm level.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.391-408
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spillover effect of R & D investment focusing on agriculture sector. Therefore, the Korean industry is divided into 18 industries and the data period including 1970 ~ 2014 is analyzed. In addition, the method is based on the analysis of the production function, the growth contribution of the production factor, and the spillover effect of other industries that affect the agricultural output. The results of this study are summarized as follows. First, R & D investment has a positive effect on the production of Korean agriculture. Second, the impact of high tech industry R & D investment on Korean agriculture is positive. Third, the R & D investment in the public sector is relatively higher than the R & D investment in the private sector. In the R & D stage, the R & D investment of the first level technology has a great influence on the production of agriculture. As a result of this study, governments should consider the above mentioned research results to determine resource priorities based on limited resources in relation to R & D investments that contribute to production and economic growth.