• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.407-414
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• 2004

In this paper, a new gray scale expression method that divides the scan lines into multiple blocks is suggested. The proposed method can drive 16 sub-fields per 1 TV field in the panel with XGA ($1366{\times}768$) resolution. The on and off states of even subfields depend on the condition of odd subfields. The write address mode is used in the odd subfields, while the erase address mode is used in the even subfields. Because the ramp reset pulse is applied every 2 sub-fields, both the contrast ratio and the dynamic voltage margin are sufficiently obtained in comparison with previous AWD (Address While Display) methods. In realizing 16 subfields, shortening the scan time in the erase address period was important. The X bias voltage in the erase address period affected the minimum address voltage but did not the delay time of the address discharge. The delay time of the address discharge was affected by the address voltage and the time interval between the last sustain discharge and the scanning time. We also evaluated the dynamic false contour. New method shows an improved image quality in horizontal moving, but discontinuous lines were observed at the boundaries of each block in vertical moving

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

With a collimated $CO_2$ laser beam, the bidirectional current switching was realized in a two-terminal electronic device based on a highly resistive vanadium dioxide($VO_2$) thin film. A $VO_2$ thin film was grown on a $Al_2O_3$ substrate by a pulsed laser deposition method. For the fabrication of a two-terminal electronic device, the $VO_2$ thin film was etched by an ion beam-assisted milling method, and the $VO_2$ device, of which $VO_2$ patch width and electrode separation were 50 and $100{\mu}m$, respectively, was fabricated through a photolithographic method. A bias voltage range for stable bidirectional current switching was found by using the current-voltage property of the device measured in a current-controlled mode. The transient responses of bidirectionally switched currents were analyzed when the laser was modulated at a variety of pulse widths and repetition rates. A switching contrast was measured as ~3333, and rising and falling times were measured as ~39 and ~21ms, respectively.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2015

By incorporating a 966nm near infrared laser, we demonstrated bidirectional current triggering of between 0 and 10mA in a two-terminal planar device based on a highly resistive vanadium dioxide ($VO_2$) thin film grown by a pulsed laser deposition method. A two-terminal planar device, which had an electrode separation of $100{\mu}m$ and a $50{\mu}m-wide$ $VO_2$ conducting layer, was fabricated through ion beam-assisted milling and photolithographic techniques. A bias voltage range for stable bidirectional current triggering was determined by investigating the current-voltage curves of the $VO_2-based$ device in a current-controlled mode. Bidirectional current triggering of up to 10mA was realized by directly illuminating the $VO_2$ film with a focused infrared laser beam, and the transient responses of triggered currents were analyzed when the laser was modulated at various pulse widths and repetition rates. A switching contrast between off- and on-state currents was evaluated as ~3571, and the rising and falling times were measured as ~40 and ~20ms, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3687-3693
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• 2012

Objective: The current meta-analysis was performed to address a more accurate estimation of the association between glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) codon 105 polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer (GC), which has been widely reported with conflicting results. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all the relevant studies. Fixed or random effect models were selected based on the heterogeneity test. Publication bias was estimated using Begg's funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Results: A total of 20 studies containing 2,821 GC cases and 6,240 controls were finally included in the analyses. Overall, no significant association between GSTP1 polymorphism and GC risk was observed in worldwide populations. However, subgroup analysis stratified by ethnicity showed that GSTP1 polymorphism was significantly associated with increased risk of GC in Asians (G vs. A, OR = 1.273, 95%CI=1.011-1.605; GG vs. AA, OR=2.103, 95%CI=1.197-3.387; GG vs. AA+AG, OR =2.103, 95%CI=1.186-3.414). In contrast, no significant association was found in Caucasians in any genetic models, except for with AG vs. AA (OR=0.791, 95%CI=0.669-0.936). Furthermore, the GSTP1 polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with GC in patients with H. pylori infection and in those with a cardiac GC. Subgroup analysis stratified by Lauren's classification and smoking status showed no significant association with any genetic model. No studies were found to significantly influence the pooled effects in each genetic mode, and no potential publication bias was detected. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that the GSTP1 polymorphism might be associated with increased risk of GC in Asians, while GSTP1 heterozygote genotype seemed to be associated with reduced risk of GC. Since potential confounders could not be ruled out completely, further studies are needed to confirm these results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6299-6303
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• 2012

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) has been identified as a putative tumor suppressor with multifunctional roles in the IGF axis. Recently, there have been a growing body of studies investigating the relation between the IGFBP3 A-202C polymorphism, circulating IGFBP3 and prostate cancer risk, but their outcomes varied leading to controversy. Hence, it is necessary to perform a meta-analysis covering all eligible studies to shed a light on the association of IGFBP3 A-202C and cancer risk. Finally, we included a total of 11 relevant articles between 2003 and 2010 covering 14 case-control studies including 9,238 cases and 8,741 controls for our analysis. Our results showed that A-202C was a marginal risk factor of prostate cancer (allele contrast: OR=1.08, 95% CI :1.01-1.16; dominant model: OR=1.11, 95% CI :1.01-1.22; heterozygote codominant model: OR=1.11, 95% CI :1.03-1.18; homozygote contrast: OR=1.19, 95% CI :1.03-1.37). Stratification analysis revealed that sample size and control source were two major heterogeneous meta-factors especially in the recessive model (source: Population-based control group :p=0.30,I2=16.7%, Hospital-based control group: p=0.20, I2=30.3%; sample size: Small: p=0.22,I2= 32.8%, Medium: p=0.09,I2=48%, Large p=0.60,I2=0.0%); However, contrary to previous findings, no significance was found in racial subgroups. No significant publication bias was found in our analysis. Considering the robustness of the results and the discrepancy among some studies, there might be some unsolved confounding factors, and further more critical large studies are needed for confirmation.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was to develop evidence-based clinical practice guideline in order to prevent contrastinduced nephropathy (CIN) for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: The guideline was developed based on the "Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)". The first draft of guideline was developed through 5 stages and evaluated by 10 experts.(1) Clinical questions were ensured in PICO format.(2) Two researchers conducted a systematic search through electronic database, identifying 170 studies. We selected 27 full text articles including 16 randomized clinical trials, 7 systematic reviews, and 4 guidelines. Quality of each studies were evaluated by the Cochran's Risk of Bias, AMSTAR, K-AGREEII. Among the studies, 11 studies were excluded.(3) The strength of recommendations were classified and quality of recommendations were ranked.(4) Guideline draft was finalized.(5) Content-validation was conducted by an expert group. All contents were ranked above 0.8 in CVI. Results: Evidence-based clinical practice guideline to prevent CIN was dveloped.(1) The guideline for preventing CIN recommends using 0.9% saline.(2) Standardized rate of fluid therapy is 1 to 1.5ml/kg/hr.(3) Execute hydration for 6~12hrs before PCI and after PCI. Conclusion: This study suggests evidence-based clinical practice guideline for preventing CIN which can be more efficiently used in clinical practice.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.170.1-170.1
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• 2016

$Bi_2Te_3$ has long been studied for its excellent thermoelectric characteristics. Recently, this material has been known as a topological insulator (TI). The surface states within the bulk band gap of a TI, which are protected by the time reversal symmetry, contribute to the conduction at the surface, while the bulk is in insulating state. In contrast to the bulk defects tuning the chemical potential to the Dirac energy, the native defects near the surface are expected not to change the shape of the Fermi surface and the related spin structure. Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we have systematically characterized surface or near surface defects in p- and n- doped $Bi_2Te_3$, and identified their structure by first principles calculations. In addition, bias-polarity dependences of STM images revealed the electron donor/acceptor nature of each defect. A detailed theoretical study of the surface states near the Dirac energy reveals the robustness of the Dirac point, which verifies the effectiveness of the disturbance on the backscattering from various kinds of defects.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.613-625
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• 2015

This research was conducted to provide basic data to improve expressivity required for virtual clothing to replace actual clothing. For the experiment, 6 materials were selected and 12(2 kinds of length) actual flared skirts were made. At the same time, simulations were carried out on OptiTex Runway 12.0 for 36(12 kinds of skirts $\times$ KES, FTU, KES weight/10) kinds of virtual flared skirts, which were applied with the measured property values (thickness, weight, bending, shear, friction, and stretch). Also, the study compared and analyzed the wearing images, silhouette overlapping images, and skirt length measurements of the actual and virtual skirts put on a dummy. As a result, the actual skirts showed clear distinction for each material. In contrast, virtual 1 and 2 expressed fabric 3 in the most similar way, but could not recreate the uniform, soft, and natural flare shape of the actual skirts in general. Virtual 3 formed natural flares as those of the actual skirts, and expressed fabric 1, 5, and 6 in a similar way. However, virtual 3 had too much volume and barely showed any distinction for each material. All of virtual 1, 2, and 3 expressed different flare shapes on the front and back sides of the skirt similarly to the actual skirts, and had a good visual expression for the color and texture of the materials. However, they could not effectively express the elasticity and fabric sagging in the bias direction.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2009

본 연구는 시간일지 방식의 생활시간조사와 서베이문항 방식의 노동패널 자료를 대상으로 하여 탐색적 수준에서 측정방식의 차이가 성별 가사노동시간 추정에서 어떤 차이를 낳는지를 비교하였다. 연구결과 우리나라의 경우 서베이문항 방식에서 남성은 자신의 가사노동시간을 과다보고하고 여성은 과소보고하는 경향을 나타냈다. 보고차이에 관한 기존연구에 비추어 볼 때 남성의 과다보고는 일치하지만 여성의 과소보고는 매우 독특하다. 하위집단별 가사노동시간 분포를 살펴보면, 남성의 경우 사별/이혼자 집단에서 과다보고의 경향이 뚜렷이 나타난 반면 여성의 경우 유급노동, 돌봄 및 가사노동 부담이 큰 집단에서 과소보고의 경향이 나타났다. 이러한 보고차이는 가사노동과 관련된 젠더화된 사회규범과 시간부족 인식에 비추어 설명될 수 있었다. 기존연구에서는 과소보고에 대한 이론이 제대로 발달되지 않았는데, 본 연구는 시간부족 인식이 여성의 과소보고를 설명하는 중요한 이론적 가설이 될 수 있음을 제언하였다.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.27-47
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• 2007

본 논문은 오프라인 쇼핑을 대체하는 새로운 유통 채널로서 뚜렷한 비중을 차지하고 있는 인터넷 및 TV 홈쇼핑에 대한 소비자들의 선택 결정 요인을 표본선택오차 문제를 고려한 헥킷 모형을 이용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 연령이 낮을수록, 그리고 인터넷 경력, 인터넷 이용 시간, 보유 컴퓨터의 수 등에 있어서 인터넷 쇼핑 채널의 이용에 유리한 환경에 있을수록 인터넷 쇼핑에 대한 상대적 구매비중으로 측정한 인터넷 쇼핑에 대한 선호도가 높게 나타나고 있다. 반면에 성별이나 기혼여부 등 다른 인구통계학적 특성은 채널 간 구매비중에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있지 못하며, TV 시청시간이나 케이블 TV 서비스 타입 등 TV 홈쇼핑 이용 환경과 관련된 변수들 역시 별다른 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 거래비용 절감의 유인이 큰 쇼핑빈도가 높은 구매자들일 수록 인터넷 쇼핑 채널을 TV홈쇼핑에 비해 상대적으로 많이 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 채널 별 특성과 관련해서는 인터넷 쇼핑 채널이 TV 홈쇼핑 채널에 비해 편리하고, 신뢰할만하며, 신속하고, 다양하다는 구매자들의 인식이 인터넷 쇼핑 채널의 상대적 구매비중에 긍정적 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 반면에 인터넷 및 TV 홈쇼핑 유통 채널간의 가격 수준에 대한 인식은 이러한 상대적 구매비중에 별 다른 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.