• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.389-397
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• 1997

In this paper, we propose a new method of contour error modeling for cross-coupled control of CNC machines. This modeling method is based on the information that the interpolator of a CNC machine generates knot points per each sampling time in order to approximate a given curved path as a series of small straight-line segments. The merits of the proposed method are : (1) its applicability for arbitrary curved contours and (2) its ability to calculate contour errors more accurately than the other conventional methods. The proposed method is evaluated and compared with the conventional methods using the three typical curved trajectories by computer simulations. Furthermore, it is shown that the cross-coupled controller based on this proposed error model improves contouring accuracy more effectively than the other methods.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.97-114
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• 1999

The first function of occlusion is mastication. Therefore the functional restoration of occlusal surface is very important. The restoration of occlusal surface is three method as wax bite technique, F.G.P. technique, cone technique. Many dental technician is using compound method. I have knew common point on each teeth during I have waxing up wax pattern. So I studied on the design waxup technique for maxillary molar occlusion. The results of the study were as follows ; 1. The dam wax up method can restore axial contour of teeth very easy and make short working time of wax pattern. 2. The height of dam must be same with cusp of adjacent teeth. 3. Automatically the contour of tooth is appeared if the contour of dam is relationship with cuspid line of adjacent teeth. 4. The height of contour of buccal, lingual surface is formed natural curve to add fluid wax by gravitation. 5. The development groove of Maxillary premolar is appeared V form. 6. The development groove of Maxillary molar is appeared W form. 7. The embrasure is formed to carve around contact point area as round convex. It affects to axial form of tooth. 8. I was knew that the lingual groove and stuart's groove of molar runs parallel with oblique ridge. 9. The buccal groove of molar is formed parallel with direction of teeth arrangement.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2001년도 추계학술발표논문집 (상)
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• pp.641-644
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• 2001

기존의 종이지도를 수치지도 처리과정으로 얻어진 등고선(contour line) 데이터는 원격탐사(Remote Sensing)와 지리정보시스템(GIS)의 응용분야에서 주로 사용되어지는 데이터이다. 이러한 등고선은 해당 지역의 DTM(Digital Terrain Model) 데이터 생성을 위해 보간(interpolation)하여 생성하는 데 연구가 집중되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 DEM(Digital Elevation Model)으로부터 얻어진 등고선 데이터를 이용하여 사용자에게 3 차원으로 가시화 해 줄 수 있는 기법을 소개한다. 등고선 추출을 위한 방법으로는 기존의 소개되어진 Marching Square 알고리즘을 적용하였고, 지역적인 최고점(local minimum)과 최소점(maximum)을 구하기 위해 등고선을 열린 등고선(open contour)과 닫힌 등고선(closed contour)으로 분류하게 된다. 지역적 최고, 최소점을 찾기 위한 탐색공간을 줄이기 위해 닫힌 등고선만을 대상으로 등고선 트리를 생성하였으며, 생성된 트리의 리프노드에 대해서 최고, 최소점에 대한 근사(approximation)를 수행하게 된다. 이렇게 구해진 근사된 정점들과 등고선 데이터를 입력으로 하여 제한된 딜로니 삼각분할(Constrained Delaunay Triangulation)을 수행함으로써, 3 차원 지형을 재구성할 수 있다. 실험에서 USGS 로부터 획득한 지형 데이터를 이용하여 속도 측정을 하였다. 결과적으로 저장공간 측면에서 적은 량의 데이터를 가지면서 등고선을 표현할 수 있는 3 차원 지형을 렌더링 할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 박막의 삼차원 형상을 신속하게 획득하기 위한 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 반사광 측정 장치에 기반한 박막 측정 장비들은 170포인트에 대한 두께를 측정하는데 약 30분 이상의 시간이 요구되므로 박막의 전체적인 형상 정보를 신속하게 파악하는데 적합하지 않다. 제안하는 방법은 Canny 경계검출기를 이용하여 간섭무늬 영상으로부터 등고선을 검출하는 영상 분석법을 기반으로 한다. 검출된 등고선에 대한 절대적인 두께를 측정하고 Borgefors 거리변환 알고리즘을 이용한 보간 처리를 통해 등고선으로부터 높이 맵 정보를 추출한다. 추출된 높이 맵은 DirectX를 사용하여 높이 맵 지형처리 기법으로 삼차원 형상화 된다. 제안된 방법은 적은 수를 가지는 등고선에 대한 높이 정보만을 실측하게 되므로 약 5분의 수행시간으로 박막의 전반적인 삼차원두께 패턴 정보를 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.341-349
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• 1991

This study was done to provide basic data for clothing design and thus to contribute to the academic development of the clothing and textile area. The focus of this study was to charac­terize the somatotype based on each individual's lateral view. For this purpose, firstly, categorization of the subjects based on their lateral view and definition of each category, secondly, characterization of each somatotype, and thirdly, sugges­tion of the deterministic criteria of each category were complished. The subjects in this study were female college students of 18 to 26 year-old whose somatotypes were comparatively invariable after cessation of physical growth. The metrical items characterizing upper body lateral view were chosen. Data were collected through Anthropometry and Photometry and analyzed by Factor analysis. The results were as follows; 1. Each subject's side view contour was classified as straight type, lean-back type, bend­forward type, and swayback according to its position to the relative plumb line. Straight type was defined as the type in which the plumb line passes through the lobe of the ear, the shoulder joint, and the mid abdominal region laterally. Lean-back type positioned the plumb line more posteriorly than straight type. Bend-forward type positioned the plumb line more anteriorly than straight type. Swayback positioned the plumb line at about the same line as straight type. And curvature of side view contur was more prominent in this type than in straight type. 2. Seven factors were figured out. The first factor was representing upperbody volume, and the second factor was representing size, the third factor was horizontal distance from lateral view representing size view contour. The fourth factor was front body length, the fifth factor was back body length. The sixth factor was shoulder length and shoulder width representing shoulder shape. The seventh factor was the bust shape.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.263-277
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• 2014

This study investigated four electric field configurations of two-dimensional accelerate lithium migration technique (ALMT), including line-to-line, plane-to-line, contour-to-line and plane-to-plane, and analyzed the ion migration behavior and efficiency. It was found that the free ion distribution diagram and voltage distribution diagram were similar, and ions migrated in the power line direction. The electrode modules were used for the mortar specimen with w/c ratio of 0.5. The effectively processed areas accounted for 14.1%, 39.0%, 49.4% and 51.4% of total area respectively on Day 28. Larger electrode area was more advantageous to ion migration. In addition, it was proved that the two-dimensional electric field could be divided into different equifield line active regions, and regarded as affected by one-dimensional electric field, and the ion migration results in various equifield line active regions were predicted by using the duration analysis method based on the theoretical model of ion migration obtained from one-dimensional test.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2018

We use edge detection technique for the input image to extract the entire edges of the object in the image and then select only the edges that construct the outline of the object. By examining the positional relation between these pixels composing the outline, a simplified version of the outline of the object in the input image is generated by removing unnecessary pixels while maintaining the condition of connection of the outline. For each pixel constituting the outline, its direction is calculated by examining the positional relation with the next pixel. Then, we group the consecutive pixels with same direction into one and then change them to a line segment instead of a point. Among those line segments composing the outline of the object, a line segment whose length is smaller than a predefined minimum length of acceptable line segment is removed by merging it into one of the adjacent line segments. As a result, an outline composed of line segments of over a certain length is obtained through this process.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.2429-2434
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 퍼지 방법을 적용하여 손금을 추출하고 분석하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 영상으로부터 손금을 추출하기 위해서 획득된 영상을 YCbCr 컬러 공간으로 변환한다. YCbCr 컬러 공간에서 Y:65~255, Cb:25~255, Cr:130~255에 해당되는 피부색 정보를 추출하고 이 피부색 정보를 임계치로 설정하여 손 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 손 영역에서 내부 픽셀의 3:1 이상, 전체 영상의 2:1 이상인 손의 형태학적 정보와 8 방향 윤곽선 추적기법을 이용하여 잡음을 제거한다. 잡음이 제거된 영상에서 손금을 추출하기 위해서 스트레칭 기법과 소벨 마스크를 이용하여 에지를 추출한다. 추출된 에지 영상에서도 미세한 잡음이 존재하므로 퍼지 이진화 기법을 적용하여 이진화 한다. 이진화된 영상에서 손금의 형태학적 정보를 이용하여 손의 윤곽선을 제외한 손금 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 손금 영역은 동치 테이블을 이용하는 연결 영역 검색 기법과 퍼지 추론 기법을 적용하여 개별 손금의 중요선을 추출하고 분석한다. 다양한 손금 영상을 대상으로 실험한 결과 제안된 방법 이 기존의 손금 추출 방법보다 손금을 분석하는데 효율적인 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.176-182
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• 1999

This paper presents a new autonomous kinematic calibration technique by using a laser-vision sensor called "Perceptron TriCam Contour". Because the sensor measures by capturing the image of a projected laser line on the surface of the object, we set up a long, straight line of a very fine string inside the robot workspace, and then allow the sensor mounted on a robot to measure the point intersection of the line of string and the projected laser line. The point data collected by changing robot configuration and sensor measuring are constrained to on a single straght line such that the closed-loop calibration method can be applied. The obtained calibration method is simple and accurate and also suitable for on-site calibration in an industrial environment. The method is implemented using Hyundai VORG-35 for its effectiveness.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.485-495
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• 1998

Migration characteristics of tracers in a rock fracture in a case of line-source and line-collection was studied. The fracture plane was discretized into a square mesh to which variable apertures were assigned. The spatially varying apertures of a fracture were generated using a geostatistical method, based on a given aperture probability density distribution and a specified spatial correlation length. The flow potential and pressure at each node were computed. Calculations showed that fluid flow occurs predominantly through a few preferred paths. Hence, the large range of apertures in the fracture gives rise to flow channeling. The solute transport was calculated using a particle tracking method. The migration plumes of tracer between injection line and withdrawal line are displayed in contour plots. The elution curves are shown to be controlled by the aperture density distribution and to be insensitive to statistical realization and spatial correlation length.