• 산업공학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.214-224
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• 2006

The container handling times of automated transfer cranes(ATCs) significantly affect the productivity of container terminals. In this paper, evaluation models for the container handling times of ATCs are suggested for import container blocks with different transfer point configurations. Firstly, evaluation models for various motion times of stacking and retrieving operations of ATC are suggested for two basic alternatives of import container blocks. In addition, in considering the space allocation, evaluation methods for the container handling times of ATC are suggested. Finally, the container handling times for each case are compared with each other in order to analyze how the block shape and the transfer point locations affect the container handling times of ATC.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.299-309
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• 2012

This paper introduces some of the developments related to the handling equipment in container terminals and various new conceptual handling systems that have been proposed during the last several decades. The basic ideas behind the previous equipment improvements are analyzed to identify future directions that can be used for devising new handling systems. The handling systems in the container terminals include a quayside handling system, transport system, and yard system. In response to the deployment of mega-sized vessels for container transportation systems, productivity improvement has become one of the most urgent issues in the container terminals. This paper analyzes the previous improvements made for achieving higher productivity in the three subsystems of container handling. Some conceptual handling systems are introduced including the linear motor conveyance system (LMCS), automated storage and retrieval systems (AR/RS), overhead grid rail (GRAIL), SPEEDPORT, SuperDock, the automated container system by ZPMC (ACS-ZPMC), and AUTOCON.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.53-66
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• 1996

Container handling facilities in Korean ports have increased rapidly according to Korean industrialization and the worldwide containerization. Over 98% of total containers handles in Korean ports are handled in Puan ports. This paper presents the estimation method of annual container handling capacity of container terminals by the computer simulation models. Simulation models are developed utilizing SIMAN IV simulation package. Annual handling capacity of real container terminals such as BCTOC and PECT was estimated by the proposed simulation models. Also, Annual handling capaicty of planned or expected terminals in Puan port was estimated. The comparisons between container forecast demand and estimated handling capacity of Pusan port from 1996 through 2001 were made. It showed that Pusan port will have over two million TEU handling capacity shortage during that period and will face enormous port congestion. Lastly, mid term and long-term capacity expansion plansof container terminals in korean ports were discussed.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.645-660
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• 1997

An application of the genetic algorithm(GA) to the loading sequencing problem in port container terminals is presented in this paper. The efficiency of loading operations in port container terminals is highly dependent on the loading sequence of export containers. In order to sequence the loading operation, we hove to determine the route of each container handling equipment (transfer crane or straddle carried in the yard during the loading operation. The route of a container handling equipment is determined in a way of minimizing the total container handling time. An encoding method is developed which keeps intermediate solutions feasible and speeds up the evolution process. We determine the sequence of each individual container which the container handling equipment picks up at each yard-bay as well as the visiting sequence of yard-bays of the equipment during the loading operation. A numerical experiment is carried out to evaluate the performance of the algorithm developed.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권2_2호
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• pp.323-332
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• 2020

Container ships are getting bigger due to the increase in global cargo volume. Therefore, it needs to increase the speed for loading and unloading of containers at the quayside. Traditionally, only one container is handled at once at the quayside due to it's heavy weight. In this paper, a method of handling multiple containers at once using chassis is proposed. Proposed system is consists of a container chassis that can hold three layer stacked containers, transport system that can handle the container chassis including rail-based or vehicle-based roll-on roll-off systems, and dedicated crane system. The conceptual design of crane and transport system that can handle three stacked containers is carried out and verified. The proposed system can be adopted for real quayside container handling system with high speed.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집(Proceeding of the KOSME 2000 Spring Annual Meeting)
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• pp.28-35
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• 2000

For the merit of a container in transportation and cargo handling the amount of container freight has been continuously on the increase. On the other hand container crane had got the bottle neck in cargo handling due to low productivity so that freight congestion had been often occurred at ports. in this paper A mathematical model for container crane system is represented a method for designing a fuzzy controller of container crane system for high productivity in cargo handling is presented. The fuzzy controller is compared with other optimal controller at the same condition. in the computer simulation the fuzzy controller obtained an excellent response to reference change better than the optimal controller. For disturbance such as a strong storm and parameter change due to change of cargo weight the result was also stable and robust than the optimal controller.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2002

컨테이너 처리량(CHC)은 항만의 능력을 나타내는 중요한 지표다. 그러나 중국항만의 컨테이너 처리능력에 대한 연구는 부족하며, 연구결과 또한 예측치와 실제치와의 차이가 크다. 이는 컨테이너처리량이 다양한 경제적인 측면을 내포하고 있고 예측모델의 선택이 매우 어렵다는데 기인한다. 대체로 지금까지 사용되어왔던 회귀분석, 신경망분석 등은 과거행태모델을 벗어나지 못하고 있어 경제체제나 항만물동량의 동태적변화에 대한 고려가 결여되어 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 동태적 보정인과모델을 사용한 동태적 예측법을 사용해 보았고 그 결과 보다 신뢰성이 높고 현실성이 있는 연구결과를 도출할 수 있었다.

• 정보화연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

To promote process effectiveness and efficiency, it is necessary that port logistics employ automated equipments for handling containers. There exists a system for automatically managing the container flow, called Control Module. However, it has limitation to assign the execution order to the machine and monitor the container flow in real time process. Business process management (BPM) provides a suitable and effective framework to address this problem including controlling and monitoring the flow of each container. Since the nature of container handling process is different with the common process in BPM that is conducted by human performer, it is necessary to adjust the BPM framework in the domain of port logistic management. This study presents a BPM framework corresponds with both human-based and machine-based activity to enhance the efficiency of port process flow including container flow. This framework is introduced as an integrated approach and mechanism of BPM application into the container handling system for the purpose of port logistics process automation.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.359-367
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• 2013

The amount of international trade is rapidly increasing as a result of globalization. It is well known that as the size of a vessel becomes larger, the transportation cost per container decreases. That is, the economy-of-scale holds even in maritime container transportation. As a result, the sizes of containerships have been steadily increased for reducing transportation costs. In addition, various handling technologies and handling equipment have been introduced to increase the throughput capacities of container terminals. Quay crane (QC) that carries out load/unload operations plays the most important role among various handling equipment in terminals. Two typical examples of advanced QC concepts proposed so far are double trolley QC and supertainer QC. This paper suggests a method of estimating the expected value and the standard deviation of the container handling cycle time of the advanced QCs that involve several handling components which move at the same time. Numerical results obtained by the proposed estimation procedure are compared with those obtained by simulation studies. In order to demonstrate the advantage of advanced QCs, we compared their expected cycle times with those of a conventional QC.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.705-710
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• 2007

자동화 컨테이너 터미널의 생산성은 자동화된 트랜스퍼 크레인(Automated Transfer Crane, ATC)의 속도에 관계된 성능뿐 만 아니라 컨테이너 블록의 크기에 크게 영향을 받는다. 본 연구에서는 ATC의 컨테이너 취급시간과 장치공간을 고려하여 수입 컨테이너 장치 블록의 크기를 어떻게 결정할 것인가에 대해서 다룬다. 먼저, 전형적인 수입 컨테이너 블록에서 ATC의 컨테이너 취급시간을 평가하는 모형을 제시한다. 둘째, 수입 컨테이너 블록의 크기를 결정하는 세 가지의 수리모형을 제시한다. 컨테이너 장치 블록의 크기를 결정하기 위해 제시한 모형들에 대한 수치예제를 제시한다.