• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 1998.11a
• /
• pp.296-301
• /
• 1998

Pentagraphs are used to supply electric power to train via trolley lines. The higher train speed is, the higher voltage and current levels 8u. Since electric power is supplied with slinding contact, localized abrasion is inevitable. It is difficult and dangerous to measure their shape manually. Measurement system of pentagraph slider with ultrasonic processing has been reported. In this paper, measurement system with image processing is proposed. The system consists of CCD cameras, image grabber board, and PC operated on Windows'95. Image processing algorithms are presented and some results are illustrated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.652-658
• /
• 2009

As the rate of personnel expenses of contact center operating costs is the highest, we can reduce operating costs, if we answer a automatic phone call wholly or partially. The MCS(Managed Contact Services) play an important role in cost reduction and work efficiency related with voice self-services. The excellent functions of the MCS are able to implement self-service applications in network connected with effective network routing of the enterprise. The MCS makes a proper consultant rapidly response and process customer calls, improve customer processing services, and consequently increase customer satisfaction. The increase of customer satisfaction lead to improve profits and reduce the cost of building contact center infrastructure. In this paper, we analyze the contact center line capacity and PBX capacity based on the MCS. We can reduce communication costs and personnel expenses by reducing the call shifting need between consultants and rapidly solving customer questions with the MCS.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2012

Objectives: The aims of this study are to design a optimized mechanical structure of digital tongue imaging system (DTIS) equipped with LEDs in aspects of object distance and camera angle of coverage. Methods and Results: We tried to find optimized object distance while recording a rectangular object of common tongue size. In case object distance is 22 cm or less, edge of the rectangle was not taken beyond the shooting range. In contrast, if object distance is 40 cm or more, the rectangle image was too small. Therefore when considering the variation of subjects, we selected distance of 35-40 cm as appropriate object distance for the DTIS. We also tried to find optimized angle between camera view axis and horizontal line. We photographed from the side of the face of 7 adults with exposed tongue. We drew an exposed tongue lines to connect the tongue tip points and the tongue root points by using the photos acquired from the side faces. And then we calculated the tongue exposure angles between the vertical line and the exposed tongue lines. Mean tongue exposure angle was $28.3^{\circ}$ when tongue was lightly exposed and $13.3^{\circ}$ when maximally. So we determined $73^{\circ}$ as appropriate slope angle of part in contact with face of the DTIS and by considering that the standard variation was great, we designed control gears to adjust the slope of the camera view axis and to regulate the object distance. Conclusions: We designed a optimized mechanical structure in object distance and slope angle of part in contact with face of the DTIS.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.300-305
• /
• 2012

The saving of time, which is defined as the demand from passengers and the supply from the urban railway, must be balanced. The selected factors influencing on the balance are the traffic, customer contact facilities, the number of failures, customer complaints(VOC), passenger moving time and transfer stations. Also, the overall ratio of SMRT's 4 lines is generated by differentiating the rate of each attribute in each factor. This is not only to differentiate the stations with peculiar factors but also to standardize criteria of the personalized services. Furthermore, as part of standardization, standard drawings of facility management are prepared for the improvement on the management of human resource and material. The drawings include passenger moving lines, location of safety incidents and also indicate the rating of the factors in each station and overall evaluation rating. In conclusion, this thesis aims to improve customer satisfaction constantly by reducing passenger moving time, through the differentiated management of each station.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.915-923
• /
• 2023

As environmental regulations on carbon emissions are strengthened worldwide, the existing internal combustion engine-centered automobile industry is being reformed. In particular, large buses and large cargo trucks are pointed out as one of the main causes of environmental destruction due to excessive carbon emissions. The E-Highway power collection system, which has recently been proposed as a solution, uses the vehicle's battery as a backup power source or regenerative braking, depending on whether the pan head of the pentograph installed in the vehicle is in contact with the overhead line. It is used to store the excess energy generated. However, wear through contact due to continuous contact reduces the current collection effect and causes failure. In this paper, by using the current difference, the horizontal position information of the panhead in contact with the overhead line is acquired, thereby reducing the abrasion of the conductor and the panhead Make it possible to follow the overhead line. The position estimation method proposed in this paper simply configures a device that can detect the position of the overhead line of the pantograph by the difference in resistance. It is economical and has the advantage of reducing the volume. The characteristics of the pantograph estimating the location of overhead lines were analyzed using the difference between the two currents of the current collector, the feasibility of the positioning estimation system was verified through simulations and experiments.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.23 no.1 s.40
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 1993

This study was undertaken to investigate the midline having the least difference between the right and left structures among the lines that had been used in the study of the craniomaxillofacial asymmetry. The sample of this study consisted of twenty six Korean girls(average 18.9 years old) having normal facial appearance and occlusion. On the frontal cephalometric films of the sample, we divided the whole craniomaxillofacial area into four portions, i.e., cranial, upper facial, lower facial, and dental portion. So, we have found the midlines having the least difference in the whole craniomaxillofacial area itself, and in the each divided four portions, furtherly in the other portions from aimed portion. The findings were as follow: 1. In the whole craniomaxillofacial area, the connecting line between crista galli and anterior nasal spine and the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left foramen rotundums were suitable for the midline. 2. In the cranial portion, established all six lines were suitable for midlines. In the other portions, the perpendicular bisection line between both condylion, the line passing the contact point between right and left mandibular central insisiors among the perpendicular lines between right and left mandibular central incisial tips were suitable midlines fer evaluating the asymmetry of cranial portion. 3. In the upper facial portion, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left zygions was the most suitable midline. In the other portions, the line between the crista galli and the most superior point of the odontoid process, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left gonions, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left condylions, and perpendicular bisecting line between right and left foramens rotundum were suitable midlines for evaluating the asymmetry of the upper facial portion 4. In the dental portion, the perpendicular bisecting lines between right and left buccal cusps of both maxillary first molars and between right and left mandibular first molars were suitable midlines. In the other portions, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left landmarks crossing the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone and orbit, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left mental foramens, and the connecting line between crista galli and prosthion were suitable midlines for evaluating the asymmetry of dental portion. 5. In the lower facial portion, the perpendicular bisecting lines between right and left condylions and between right and left gonions were suitable midlines. In the other portions, the line between the crista galli and anterior nasal spine, the perpendicular bisecting line between right and left foramen rotundums, and the perpendicular bisecting lines between right and left buccal cusps of both mandibular first molars and between right and left maxillary first molars were suitable midlines for evaluating the asymmetry of the lower facial portion.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.453-456
• /
• 2016

The major causes of electrical fire in low-voltage distribution lines are classified into short-circuit fault, overload fault, electric leakage, and electric contact failure. The special principal factor of the fire is electric arc or spark accompanied with such electric faults. This paper studies the development of an electric fire prevention system with detection and alarm of that in case of parallel arc fault occurrence in low-voltage distribution lines. The proposed system is designed on algorithm sensing the instantaneous voltage drop of line voltage at arc fault occurrence. The proposed detector has characteristics of high-speed operation responsibility and superior system reliability from composition using a large number of semiconductor devices. A new sensing control method that shows the detection of parallel arc fault is sensed to ripple voltage drop through a diode bridge full-wave rectifier at electrical accident occurrence. Some experimental tests of the proposed system also confirm the practicality and validity of the analytical results.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2007

It was studied how using soft contact lens multi-purpose solution (MPS), often used for medical treatment, effects the inhibition on cell growth, and how using the MPS demages eye cells, on rabbit eye's corneal epithelium and endothelium tissue. $ReNu^{(R)}$ (Baush & Lomb, USA), Opti-free $express^{(R)}$ (Alcon, USA), Free-sol $plus^{(R)}$ (Hanamedicon, Korea) were used as MPS. After culturing Clone 1-5C-4 cell lines (Human conjunctival cell lines), cell growth inhibition rate was measured by MIT assay. By making Hematoxylin and Eosin stain specimen, the morphology was observed by optical microscope. In the In vivo experiment, 9 white rabbit eyes (18 eyes) were classified into 3 groups. The experiment group is left eyes (9 eyes) of rabbit, and MPS were dropped; however the control group, the right eyes (9 eyes), were only used a saline solution without a preservatives. After the dropping within the period, the cornea surface of rabbit endothelium tissue was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2016

With the increasing running speed of trains, new railway lines in metropolitan areas, and the rising demand for green transportations, the number of underground and tunnel sections are constantly becoming larger, and installations of overhead rigid conductor systems are becoming wider. However, domestic commercial products for overhead rigid conductors are limited to 120 km/h train speeds. In this study, to develop a high-speed (250 km/h) overhead rigid conductor, R-Bar (Rigid Bar), the electrical and mechanical stability was enhanced through the improvement of the cross sectional shape of the R-Bar; the transition structure was also designed for flexibility and natural frequency isolation. In addition, the evaluation of contact forces between a pantograph and the overhead rigid conductor system for 250 km/h train speeds was performed using dynamic analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 1998

This present paper describes a mathematical model of profile shifted elliptical gears, and this model is based on the concepts of envelope theory and conjugate geometry between the blank and the straight-sided rack cutter. The geometric model of the rack cutter includes working regions generating involute curves and fillets for trocoidal curves, and furthermore the addendum modified coeff. is considered for avoiding undercutting. The addendum modified coeff. is changed linearly along with pitch curves and must be the same absolute value at both major semi-axis and minor semi-axis. If undercutting is at all pronounced, the undercut tooth not only are weakened in strength, but lose a small portion of the involute adjacent to the base circle, then this loss of involute may cause a serious reduction in the length of contact. A very effective method of avoiding undercutting is to use the so-called profile shifted gearing. Non-undercutting condition is examined with the change of eccentricity and addendum modified coeff. in elliptical gears and then the minimum number of tooth is proposed not to gernerate undercutting phenomenon.