• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제40권8호
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• pp.485-494
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• 2016

본 연구는 TMED 방식 병렬형 하이브리드 차량을 이용하여 회생제동 회수율 및 연비 특성 실험에 대한 것이다. 회생제동 기술은 하이브리드 차량의 에너지 효율 향상을 위해 필수적인 기술로 판단되어 연구를 수행하였다. 따라서 병렬형 하이브리드 차량과 Eddy Current 방식의 차대동력계를 통해 IM240 모드 실험 시 초기 SOC 상태, 주행 모드 특성, 운전자의 운전특성에 따른 연비 특성을 회생 제동 측면에서 전류 특성 및 전류수지에 대한 비교 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구결과, 초기 SOC 상태가 낮을수록 하이브리드 차량의 엔진 작동 시간이 증가 하고 에너지 효율이 낮아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 주행 모드 특성, 운전자의 운전 특성에 따른 연비 특성 실험 결과 평균 연비 차이는 크게 나지 않았지만, 최종 SOC 상태에 따라서 모드 종료 후 엔진 작동 유무의 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.385-394
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• 2013

This study has conducted a comparative analysis on the fishing efficiency of LED fishing lamps by squid jigging vessels, the Yeongrak-ho (16 tons) and Somang-ho (9.77 tons), which operated during September and October 2010 and during October 2011, comparing with MH (Metal Halide) fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels. This study has also examined vessel's fuel consumption level. The light powers of LED fishing lamps of the Yeongrak-ho and Somang-ho were 25.8kW and 32kW, respectively. Those of the MH fishing vessels, that is, the MH fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels, were 105kW and 81kW, respectively. The average squid catch in number of an LED vessel, Yeongrak-ho, was 39.2% of the MH fishing lamp-equipped fishing vessels; however, that of the Somang-ho improved to 78.7% of the MH fishing lamp-equipped vessels. Average catch in number by Yeongrak-ho crew was 2.6 times more than catch in number by automatic jigging machines. Average catch in number by MH fishing vessel crew was 1.8 times more than that by automatic jigging machines. An LED vessel, Yeongrak-ho's fishing rate was 17.5%~152.2% of the MH fishing vessels, that is, 61.1% on average, in comparison of combined catch in number per automatic jigging machine and per crewmember. Somang-ho's fishing rate was 6.7%~127.6% of the MH fishing vessels, that is, 73.1% on average. The average fuel consumption level of the Somang-ho, throughout its departure from to arrival at the port, was 475.7l, and that during fishing hours was 109.6l, or 23.0% of the total fuel consumption level. Somang-ho's fuel consumption level per fishing hour was 9.7l on average.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2016

A dust explosion is a phenomenon of strong blast wave propagation involving destruction which results from dust pyrolysis and rapid oxidation in a confined space. There has been some research done to find individual explosion characteristics and common physical laws for various dust types. However, there has been insufficient number of studies related to the heat of combustion of materials and the oxygen consumption energy about materials in respect of dust explosion characteristics. The present study focuses on the relationship between dust explosion characteristics of wood dust samples and oxygen consumption energy. Since it is difficult to estimate the weight of suspended dust participating in explosions in dust explosion and mixtures are in fuel-rich conditions concentrations with equivalent ratios exceeding 1, methods for estimating explosion overpressure by applying oxygen consumption energy based on unit volume air at standard atmospheric pressure and temperature are proposed. In this study an oxygen consumption energy model for dust explosion is developed, and by applying this model to TNT equivalent model, initial explosion efficiency was calculated by comparing the results of standardized dust explosion experiments.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1204-1227
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• 2020

The tradeoff between energy conservation and traffic balancing is a dilemma problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). By analyzing the intrinsic relationship between cluster properties and long distance transmission energy consumption, we characterize three node sets of the cluster as a theoretical foundation to enhance high performance of WSNs, and propose optimal solutions by introducing rendezvous and Mobile Elements (MEs) to optimize energy consumption for prolonging the lifetime of WSNs. First, we exploit an approximate method based on the transmission distance from the different node to an ME to select suboptimal Rendezvous Point (RP) on the trajectory for ME to collect data. Then, we define data transmission routing sequence and model rendezvous planning for the cluster. In order to achieve optimization of energy consumption, we specifically apply the economic theory called Diminishing Marginal Utility Rule (DMUR) and create the utility function with regard to energy to develop an adaptive energy consumption optimization framework to achieve energy efficiency for data collection. At last, Rendezvous Transmission Algorithm (RTA) is proposed to better tradeoff between energy conservation and traffic balancing. Furthermore, via collaborations among multiple MEs, we design Two-Orbit Back-Propagation Algorithm (TOBPA) which concurrently handles load imbalance phenomenon to improve the efficiency of data collection. The simulation results show that our solutions can improve energy efficiency of the whole network and reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes, which in turn prolong the lifetime of WSNs.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.951-959
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• 2011

저전력 변조 방식은 근거리 통신 시스템에서 전력 효율을 높이기 위하여 필요한 요소이다. 본 논문은 저전력 변조를 위해 제안된 PSSK(Phase Silence Shift Keying), PSPM(Phase Shift Position Modulation), QAPM(Quadrature Amplitude Position Modulation) 방식들을 주파수 측에서의 mapping을 통하여 OFDM 전송을 하고 그 성능을 분석한다. PSSK, PSPM과 QAPM 변조 방식은 기존의 PSK, QAM 변조 방식에 비하여 대역 효율은 떨어지지만, 전송효율을 높인 변조 방식으로 PPM 방식을 이용하여 신호의 주기를 나누고, PSK 혹은 QAM 심볼을 배치한다. 이렇게 배치함으로써 심볼 주기 이외의 구간은 0을 배치할 수 있게 되고 그에 따라 전력 효율을 높이는 방식이다. PPM 방식을 이용한 변조 방식은 PSK보다 높은 전력 효율과 FSK보다 높은 대역 효율을 얻을 수 있으며, 전체적인 성능은 FSK와 PSK의 사이에 위치하게 된다. OFDM 전송 방식은 기존의 단일 반송파 전송 방식보다 대역 효율을 높일 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 PSSK와 PSPM, QAPM과 같은 저전력 변조 방식을 OFDM 방식에 적용하기 위한 주파수축에서의 부반송파 mapping 방식을 제안한다. 또한, 제안된 mapping을 통하여 전송하였을 때의 BER 성능과 단일 반송파 전송을 통한 BER 성능을 비교하며, 기존의 방식과의 PAPR 성능을 비교한다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2018

Purpose: Performance recovered from SCR through cleaning was studied, measuring differential pressure, NOx reduction efficiency, fuel consumption and engine power before and after cleaning. Ideal cleaning intervals are proposed based on SCR mileage and differential pressure. SCR endurance and reliability improvements through cleaning were studied through physicochemical testing of SCR durability at 43,000km 50,000km, and 110,000km respectively. Methods: Engine power, fuel consumption and exhaust gas were measured using engine full load tests and ND-13 MODE by installing the SCR before cleaned at total engine mileages of 400,000 km, 300,000km and 200,000km. The same tests were performed after cleaning the SCR catalytic converter. Endurance and reliability of the SCR cleaning was studied through the same test by SCR catalyst after each 43,000km 50,000km, 110,000km, durability test on SCR cleaning. Conclusion: We confirmed the low-performance of the SCR due to clogging is restored by SCR cleaning technology. The NOx reduction efficiency was restored to 82%, 86% and 88% from 69%, 72% and 79%. As well as the NOx reduction efficiency, it was confirmed that the engine power, fuel consumption and back pressure was restored to fresh SCR levels. As a result of the durability and reliability achieved through SCR cleaning, we confined the appearance and reduction efficiency through visual inspection and ND-13 MODE are similar to new SCR catalysts. Finally, it was judged that there was no change in performance even when driving the SCR without cleaning throughout the 100,000 km mileage warranty.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 LED 조명 모듈의 소비전력 절감, 램프의 수명 및 열효율 과 점등 제어 효율성을 높인 다윗 스타 마방진 이용한 효율적인 LED 제어 알고리즘을 제안하다. 기존의 마방진 알고리즘 이용한 점등 방식은 LED의 점등 시간이 줄어들고 교차 점등되기 때문에 그만큼의 발열이 줄어들어 LED의 효율을 높일 수 있었으나 점등 제어를 하는데 한계를 가지고 있다. 제안하는 알고리즘을 적용할 경우에는 LED 조명 모듈의 소비전력 절감과 수명 및 열효율 높이는 동시에 LED의 점등 제어의 효율성을 높일 수 있다. 본 논문이 제안하는 알고리즘은 LED Matrix에 변형 마방진을 이용하여 12개의 구역으로 나누어 완전대칭 되는 패턴을 일정시간 간격으로 이동, 회전 및 반전 기법을 교차 수행하여 패턴을 점등을 하게 된다. 본 논문이 제안하는 알고리즘을 수행하여 기존의 마방진을 이용한 점등 방식과 비교한 결과, 조명의 광속과 소비전력 그리고 발열량의 효율성은 기존 마방진을 이용한 LED 점등방식과 동일하고 제어의 효율성을 높일 수 있었다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2014

The aims of this research were to evaluate effects of biomass co-firing to pulverized coal power plants and the variation of co-firing ratios on the plant efficiency related to power consumption of auxiliary system and flue gas characteristics such as production and component by process simulation based on the existing pulverized coal power plant. In this study, four kinds of biomass are selected as renewable fuel candidates for co-firing: wood pellet(WP), palm kernel shell(PKS), empty fruit bunch(EFB) and walnut shell(WS). Process simulation for various biomass fuels and co-firing ratios was performed using a commercial software. Gas side including combustion system and flue gas treatment system was considering with combination of water and steam side which contains turbines, condenser, feed water heaters and pumps. As a result, walnut shell might be the most suitable as co-firing fuel among four biomass since when 10% of walnut shell was co-fired with 90% of coal on thermal basis, flue gas production and power consumption of auxiliary systems were the smallest than those of other biomass co-firing while net plant efficiency was relatively higher than those of other biomass co-firing. However, with increasing walnut shell co-firing ratios, boiler efficiency and net plant efficiency were expected to decrease rather than coal combustion without biomass co-firing.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed low power algorithm for battery residual capacity and a task. Algorithm the mobile devices power of the battery residual capacity for the task to perform power consumption to reduce the frequency alters. Task is different in power consumption according to kinds of in time accomplishment device to use. Adjustment of power consumption analyzes kinds of given tasks from having the minimum power consumption task to having the maximum power consumption task. Control frequency so that power consumption waste to be exposed to battery residual capacity can be happened according to the results analyzed. Experiment the frequency by adjusting power consumption a method to reduce using [7] and in the same environment power of the battery residual capacity consider the task to perform frequency were controlled. Efficiency was proved compare with the experiment results [7]. The experiments results show increment in the number of processing by 45.46% comparing with that [7] algorithm.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2010

Energy consumption by buildings accounts for a large part of the world‘s energy consumption. Methods to analyze building energy consumption before construction have been studied for decades. With BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, architects can easily export building information to data models in order to analyze the design‘s effect on building energy efficiency. Although several BIM-based energy simulation applications are currently available, utilizing these applications for energy efficiency simulation is difficult. In this paper, by comparing existing BIM-based energy applications, the authors test the building energy efficiencies estimated by some BIM models, offer ideas and solutions to problems that appeared during the test process and propose new methods for BIM-based energy evaluation based on quantitative factors.