• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 춘계 학술발표대회
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• pp.125-125
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• 2003

To assist genetic study of the root development in Panax ginseng, which is one of the most important medicinal plant, expressed sequence tags (EST) analysis was carried out. We constructed a cDNA library using the 14-year ginseng root. Partial sequences were obtained from 2,975 clone. The ESTs could be clustered into 1,991 (70.2%) non-redundant groups. Similarity search of the non-redundant ESTs against public non-redundant databases of both protein and DNA indicated that 1,553 groups show similarity to genes of blown function. These ESTs clones were divided into sixteen categories depending upon gene function. The most abundant transcripts were ribonuclease 1 (67) and ribonuclease 2 (65). Our extensive EST analysis of genes expressed in 14-year ginseng root not only contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of genome expression patterns in root organ but also adds data to the reperoire of all genomic genes.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2021

The study investigates how financial markets respond to a shock to tone and semantic similarity of the Bank of Thailand press releases. The techniques in natural language processing are employed to quantify the tone and the semantic similarity of 69 press releases from 2010 to 2018. The corpus of the press releases is accessible to the general public. Stock market returns and bond yields are measured by logged return on SET50 and short-term and long-term government bonds, respectively. Data are daily from January 4, 2010, to August 8, 2019. The study uses the Structural Vector Auto Regressive model (SVAR) to analyze the effects of unanticipated and temporary shocks to the tone and the semantic similarity on bond yields and stock market returns. Impulse response functions are also constructed for the analysis. The results show that 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 1-year bond yields significantly increase in response to a positive shock to the tone of press releases and 1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 1-year and 25-year bond yields significantly increase in response to a positive shock to the semantic similarity. Interestingly, stock market returns obtained from the SET50 index insignificantly respond to the shocks from the tone and the semantic similarity of the press releases.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.608-615
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• 2021

Soil moisture control system including soil sensing and automatic water supply chain was constructed on open farmland and pot conditions. Soil moisture was controlled by the system showing over the soil moisture contents except 40% treatment. EC was gradually decreased by increasing cultivation days. On applying this system to control soil moisture, the growth and development characters of the bellflower were improved compared with control, cultivation without the automatic irrigation. Of the growth and development characters, plant height with water treatments was higher than that of control in 1st-year plants. Moreover, numbers of branch were increased by the increased soil moisture on farmland and pot condition. Capsule numbers for seed were best at 20%, 30% soil moisture treatment in 1st-year plants, and 20% to 50% treatment in 2nd-year plants. The construction of automatic soil moisture control system provide fundamental data for plant growth and development on open farmland soil condition.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.629-632
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• 1999

Constructed wetlands are being used for the removal of nutrients from livestock wastewater. However, natural vegetation typically used in constructed wetlands does not have marketable value. As an alternative, agronomic plants grown under flooded or saturated soil conditions that promote denitrification can be used. Studies on constructed wetlands for swine wastewater were conducted in wetland cells that contained either natural wetland plants or a combination of soybeans and rice for two years with the objective of maximum nitrogen reduction to minimize the amount of land required for terminal treatment. Three systems, of two 3.6 by 33.5 m wetland cells connected in series were used; two systems each contained a different combination of emergent wetland vegetation: rush/bulrush (system 1) and bur-reed/cattail (system 2). The third system contained soybean (Glycine max) in saturated-soil-culture (SSC) in the first cell, and flooded rice (Oryza sativa) in the second cell. Nitrogen (N) loading rates of 3 and $10kg\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ were used in the first and second years, respectively. These loading rates were obtained by mixing swine lagoon liquid with fresh water before it was applied to the wetland. The nutrient removal efficiency was similar in the rush/bulrush, bur-reed/cattails and agronomic plant systems. Mean mass removal of N was 94 % at the loading rate of $3kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ and decreased to 71% at the higher rate of $10kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$. The two years means for above-ground dry matter production for rush/bulrushes and bur-reed/cattails was l2 and $33Mg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Flooded rice yield was $4.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and soybean grown in saturation culture yielded $2.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$. Additionally, the performance of seven soybean cultivars using SSC in constructed wetlands with swine wastewater as the water source was evaluated for two years, The cultivar Young had the highest yield with 4.0 and $2.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$ in each year, This indicated that production of acceptable soybean yields in constructed wetlands seems feasible with SSC using swine lagoon liquid. Two microcosms studies were established to further investigate the management of constructed wetlands. In the first microcosm experiment, the effects of swine lagoon liquid on the growth of wetland plants at half (about 175 mg/l ammonia) and full strength (about 350 mg/l ammonia) was investigated. It was concluded that wetland plants can grow well in at least half strength lagoon liquid. In the second microcosm experiment, sequencing nitrification-wetland treatments was studied. When nitrified lagoon liquid was added in batch applications ($48kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$) to wetland microcosms the nitrogen removal rate was four to five times higher than when non-nitrified lagoon liquid was added. Wetland microcosms with plants were more effective than those with bare soil. These results suggest that vegetated wetlands with nitrification pretreatment are viable treatment systems for removal of large quantities of nitrogen from swine lagoon liquid.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2015

This study was aimed to estimate the total application cost and utilization of Turf grass VFS application through the field experiment. The experimental plots were constructed in an upland field of Iksan city within the Saemangeum watershed. Turf grass was transplanted at the down-slope edge of the pollution source area in each of the treated plots. Three rainfall events were monitored during the experiment period, and the rainfall-runoff relationships and NPS pollution reduction effects of the VFS systems were assessed. As results, the reduction ratio of runoff volume ranged 14.1~64.0 %, while the NPS pollution reduction ratio ranged 9.8~73.9 % for SS, 24.0~84.2 % for T-N, 31.6~80.9 % for T-P respectively. The total cost of VFS application was estimated by considering purchase cost of Turf grass sods and construction and maintenance costs of VFS system as well as the loss caused by giving up crop cultivation for the area needed to construct the VFS. The total cost of the VFS was estimated to be approximately \3,379,000/ha/year for the first year of application, and this cost could be decreased to \1,899,000/ha/year from the second year as the construction cost of VFS could no longer need to be counted afterwards. Apart from the NPS pollution reduction effects, the possible utilization of VFS was examined by detaching Turf grass within 40 % of VFS area for sale during spring time when the VFS systems fully covered. The benefit of selling the detached Turf grass sods was estimated as \1,260,000/ha/year, and also found that the VFS area successfully recovered by the time of the summer period. This benefit could attract farmers to adopt the VFS technique to manage agricultural NPS pollution.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.38-53
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• 2012

이 글에서는 부여 정림사지로 추정되는 백제 '정림사'의 창건 연대를 최근의 고고학적 발굴조사 자료를 바탕으로 살펴보았다. 즉, 본격적인 대지 조성은 왕궁터로 추정되는 관북리 일대와 연동되어 있는데, 그 시기는 6세기 늦은 단계로 추정된다. 그리고 사찰 건립을 위한 대지 조성 이전에 사용된 소형 노 등과 그와 관련하여, 구지표에서 출토된 토기 등을 참고할 때 사비 천도 후 일정 기간 공방이 운영된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 공방은 정림사지 북쪽에 인접한 관북리유적에서 본격적인 대지조성과 함께 이루어진 기와기단건물의 조영 이전에 운영된 것이 확인되었다. 대지 조성토에 혼입된 토기, 기와, 중국자기를 통해서도 정림사의 조영 연대가 사비 천도 직후까지 올라가기는 어렵다는 점을 지적하였다. 이 점은 석탑 이전에 목탑이 존재할 가능성이 높으며 그 구조는 지하기초부가 없는 높은 지상기단일 가능성과 연계되어 있다. 마지막으로 정림사지 가람배치는 동 서 건물과 강당 좌우의 건물이 하나로 통합되어 강당지 북편 기단보다 북쪽으로 좀 더 돌출되어 대규모 승방으로 통합되어 있다. 이러한 구조는 익산 미륵사지와 유사하여 정림사지가 능산리사지나 왕흥사지보다 늦게 축조되었을 가능성을 높여준다. 강당과 동 서 건물의 배치 관계 등으로 살펴본 이러한 견해는 그동안 정림사지의 창건 연대를 사비 천도 전후로 보아 온 것과 배치된다. 이러한 내용을 통해 볼때, 정림사는 사비 천도 전후가 아니라 도시조성이 활발하게 이루어진 6세기 후엽 이후에 창건되었을 가능성이 높아졌다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aimed to predict the 10-year impacts of the introduction of pictorial warning labels (PWLs) on cigarette packaging in 2016 in Korea for adults using DYNAMO-HIA. Methods: In total, four scenarios were constructed to better understand the potential health impacts of PWLs: two for PWLs and the other two for a hypothetical cigarette tax increase. In both policies, an optimistic and a conservative scenario were constructed. The reference scenario assumed the 2015 smoking rate would remain the same. Demographic data and epidemiological data were obtained from various sources. Differences in the predicted smoking prevalence and prevalence, incidence, and mortality from diseases were compared between the reference scenario and the four policy scenarios. Results: It was predicted that the optimistic PWLs scenario (PWO) would lower the smoking rate by 4.79% in males and 0.66% in females compared to the reference scenario in 2017. However, the impact on the reduction of the smoking rate was expected to diminish over time. PWO will prevent 85 238 cases of diabetes, 67 948 of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 31 526 of ischemic heart disease, 21 036 of lung cancer, and 3972 prevalent cases of oral cancer in total over the 10-year span due to the reductions in smoking prevalence. The impacts of PWO are expected to be between the impact of the optimistic and the conservative cigarette tax increase scenarios. The results were sensitive to the transition probability of smoking status. Conclusions: The introduction of PWLs in 2016 in Korea is expected reduce smoking prevalence and disease cases for the next 10 years, but regular replacements of PWLs are needed for persistent impacts.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2001

Treatment efficiency was examined of a pond-wetland system constructed for water quality conservation of Koheung Estuarine Lake over one year after its establishment in July 2000. The system is composed of primary and secondary ponds in series and six wetland cells in parallel. Cattails (Typha angustiflora) were planted in three wetland cells and common reeds (Phragmites australis) in three other cells. Water pumped from Sinyang Stream flowing into the Lake was funneled into primary pond whose effluent was discharged into secondary pond by gravity flow. Effluent from secondary pond was distributed into each wetland cell. SS, $BOD_5$, T-N, and T-P concentrations in influent to primary pond, and effluent from primary pond, secondary pond, and three wetland cells planted with cattails were analyzed for about one year from August 2000 to August 2001. The removal rates at primary pond for SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P were 29%, 30%, 15%, and 36%, respectively. The abatement rates at secondary pond for SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P were 38%, 40%, 30%, and 47%, respectively. The reduction rates measured at three cattail-planted wetland cells for SS, $BOD_5$, T-N and T-P were 54%, 57%, 60%, and 68%, respectively. Considering early stage of the pond-wetland system and inclusion of winter during the research period, its treatment efficiency was rather good. Cattails had not yet grown to dense stands due to initial establishment period, which resulted in slightly lower treatment efficiencies of wetland cells for these pollutants, compared with those of ponds.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 사업의 성공적인 운영을 위한 IPP 운영시스템 구축 사례를 제시한다. 2018년 4기 IPP 운영대학에 선정된 이후 1차년 사업수행을 위해 학사제도와 포털시스템을 구축하였다. 학사제도는 사업운영 규정과 기존 참여대학을 벤치마킹(benchmarking)하여 정규학기와 계절학기가 연계된 4학기제를 기반으로 한 학생 참여의 용이성에, 포털시스템은 학생-기업 매칭과 교내 각종 DB와 연동한 사용 편의성을 위해 맞춤형에 초점을 두고 설계되었다. 구축된 운영 시스템을 적용한 1차 년도 운영은 사업관리기관에서 시행한 실태조사의 많은 항목에서 운영시스템에 만족도가 전국 참여대학의 평균값을 초과하는 결과를 나타냈다. 실태조사 결과를 분석한 후 개선방향을 설정하였다.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.111-128
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• 2005

This study was conducted under the theory of hermitage ever built from buddhist belief. Directing to hermitages within temples of Korea Jogye Order, we focused on the layout correspondence relationship among them. and 161 hermitages were the first object of the investigation. For the accomplishment of the research purpose, the general epitome and spatial specification through various literature studies, on-the-spot survey and personal communications with a lot of priests were made. As one of the basic surveys, the foundation year were thoroughly investigated, followed by the form of building, main buddha and hermitage name. The results obtained were summarized as follows : Forty five hermitages which are equivalent to twenty eight percent of total hermitages within the parish-level temples of Korea Jogye Order, were built in shilla Dynasty and twenty hermitages that are 12.4 percent of the total were constructed in Koryo Dynasty and thirty seven percent of the total were founded during both of dynasties. This fact makes us to consider that many of hermitages in those days were constructed with the simultaneity of principal temple foundation which means hermitage had responded the spirit of the times. Every hermitage has its main Buddha and this thing happened that each hermitage enshrines its main Buddha according to the thought which was developed with the Buddhism expansion and sutra that is in accordance with their own intention. .Basically a capital temple has differed in its central sanctum in accordance with resourceful sutra, and, at the same time, twenty seven in avatamsk sectenshrine for Sakyamuni as their sanction and eight for the Merciful Goddess and 42.7 percent for Chajang's hermitages. The name of hermitage not only represents its symbol but comprises the characteristic meaning of ascetic practice. 31.7 percent of the hermitages studies was found to have the names of relating to 'ascetic practice' or 'thought' followed by the 'nature' or 'environment' to 21.7 percent.