• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.96-112
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• 2006

1. Objectives This study focuses on the reliability of the Questionnaire about Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians 2. Methods Test-retest method and internal consistency method have been performed based on the absolutely diagnosed group of 87 cases who respond to the questionaries during the time interval of one yeat between July 2003 and July 2004 to verify the confidence level. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) In the test-retest for each question of the Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians, the dependency ratio is 40% and the agreement ratio is 92%. Therefore, this questionnaire has credibility because it has question relations and high agreement ratio. (2) In the internal consistency method for the measure of the Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians, the value of Cronbach alpha is mote than 0.60. As a result, this questionnaire has internal consistency for each question which explains each physical constitution and it has credibility (3) In the internal consistency method for the measure of the Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians, the Pearson's correlation coefficient, r, falls between $+0.38\;{\sim}\;+0.54$ in each measure. Accordingly, this questionnaire has internal consistency between each physical constitution measure and it has credibility.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.337-347
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• 1996

The 73 outpatients who had been treated in the Oriental Medical Hospital at Dong Eui Medical Center have participated in this study. The following conclusions were made in comparison with the type of disease and symptom and sasang constitution classification. (in the field of questionnaire analysis) 1. The symptom of "weight loss" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Taeeum goup is more than Soyang group and Soeum group. 2. The symptom of "vomitig" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Taeeum goup is more than Soyang group and Soeum group. 3. The symptom of "hoarseness" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Soeum goup is more than Soyang group and Taeeum group. 4. The symptom of "respiratory distress" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Taeeum goup is more than Soyang group and Soeum group. 5. The symptom of "arthralgia" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Soyang goup is more than Taeeum group and Soeum group. 6. The symptom of "menstrual pain" is significant differences in sasang constitution classification. The frequency of Soeum goup is more than Soyang group and Taeeum group. 7. The analysis of past history and sasang constitution classification didn't show any significant differences. Only the analysis of past history and age show significant differences. I think that it is necessary to go deep into the clinical study of the type of disease and symptom according to sasang constitution classification.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.215-233
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• 1998

The object of this study is 27 patients who had been treated in the Oriental Medical Hospital at Dong Eui Medical Center during 6 months from January 1998 to June 1998. We proceeded the judgment of Sasang Constitution by Questionaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II). The following conclusion were made in comparison with Questionaire of Sasang Constitution Classification II(QSCC II) and Questionaire of Pusan Sasang seminar. 1. The subject of "the facial type is small and sharp" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 2. The subject of "the walking form is fast and shake the body" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soeumin group is less than Soyangin group. 3. The subject of "the skin type is white and thin" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Soyangin group, and the frequency of Taeumin group is low marks. 4. The subject of "the skin type is tender and dry" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soyangin group is less than Soeumin group. 5. The subject of "the image of face is smart" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and the frequency of Soyangin group is low marks. 6. The subject of "the sweating type is not sweatier" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soeumin group is less than Soyangin group. 7. The subject of "the desire of eating is changeable accoding to emotion" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 8. The subject of "the health is changeable accoding to the type of stool" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Soyangin group and the frequency of Taeumin group is low marks. 9. The subject of "the type of voiding is changeable accoding to the drinking when they have a fever" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Taeumin group and Soyangin group is less than Soeumin group. 10. The subject of "the skin type is soft" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is more than Taeumin group and Soyangin group. 11. The subject of "the chief complaint is the forgetfulness" is significant differences in Sasang Constitution classification. The frequency of Soeumin group is less than Taeumin group and Soyangin group.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3375-3379
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• 2010

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of facial skin parameters (hydration, lipid and pH) on forehead and cheek according to Ayurvedic constitution classification of Vata, Pitta and Kapha. The condition of hydration, lipid and pH in the facial skin was measured using non-invasive diagnostic technique. The collected data was analyzed with the SPSS 16.0 windows statistical program. Design: Eighty-nine Korean female subjects were recruited for this study and the average age of them was $19.9{\pm}0.84$ years. Three groups by the Ayurvedic constitution were classified by questionnaire. Results: There was a significant difference in hydration, lipid and pH according to Ayurvedic constitution. The measurement of hydration on the face depending on the constitution were shown in the order of Pitta, Kapha and Vata (p<0.001). The measurement of lipid on the face depending on the constitution were shown in the order of Kapha, Pitta and Vata (p<0.001, p<0.01). The measurement of pH on the face depending on the constitution were shown in the order of Kapha, Pitta and Vata (p<0.01). Conclusion: Facial skin surface seemed to be dependent on Ayurvedic constitution classification in Korean. These findings indicated that Ayurvedic constitution classification might be a useful esthetic treatment for caring facial skin in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1210-1217
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• 2008

Sasang medicine is our country's unique traditional medicine based on the classification of individual physical constitution. In the Sasang medicine, what is considered the most important task is to categorize Sasang constitution exactly. Therefore, security of objective elements and diagnosis index is a problem awaiting solution in Sasang constitution classification. To this the paper abstracted result value from objectification, visualization, a fixed quantity of Sasang constitution to analyze face image signals and voice signals. And, comparing the differences constitution would like to develop system classification of Sasang constitution. Specially, image and voice signals are different because of gender, age, region so it composed Sasang constitution group to 40-50 years women in Seoul. To extract of these image and voice signals wanted to perform comparison, analysis in constitution. Finally, it would like to prove a significance of research result through experiment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.15B no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2008

This paper proposes Sasang constitution classification through speech signals analysis values and comparison. For this, this paper wishes to propose Taeumin classification method of output values signals that comes out speech signal analysis to connect with process classification of Soeumin through skin diagnosis by first step in the whole system configuration to provide for objective index of Sasang constitution. First of all, these characteristic of voices wish to extract phonetic elements that each Sasang constitution groups' clear features. Also, we wish to classify Taeumin through constitution groups' difference and similarity on the basis of results value. Finally, the effectiveness of this method is verified through the experiments.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.87-97
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• 2010

1. Objectives: In SCM, a personal Sasang constitution must be determined accurately before any Sasang treatment. The purpose of this study is to develop an objective method for classification of Sasang constitution. 2. Methods: We collected samples from 5 centers where SCM is practiced, and applied two-stage decision tree analysis on these samples. We recruited samples from 5 centers. The collected data were from subjects whose response to herbal medicine was confirmed according to Sasang constitution. 3. Results: The two-stage decision tree model shows higher classification power than a simple decision tree model. This study also suggests that gender must be considered in the first stage to improve the accuracy of classification. 4. Conclusions: We identified important factors for classifying Sasang constitutions through two-stage decision tree analysis. The two-stage decision tree model shows higher classification power than a simple decision tree model.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.11b
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• pp.878-881
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• 2010

For better diagnosis and prescription in Korean traditional medicine, Lee Je-Ma (1837-1900) created Sasang Constitution classification which was divided into four groups of Taeyangin, Soyangin, Taeumin and Soumin based on both body shape and natural disposition. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of facial skin parameters (hydration, lipid and pH) on forehead and cheek according to Sasang Constitution classifications of Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin in Korean. Eighty-nine Korean female subjects were recruited for this study and the average age of them was 19.9${\pm}$0.84 years. The four groups by the Sasang Constitution were classified by questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution classification proposed by Kyung-Hee Oriental Medicine Hospital. Consequently, thirty-eight (42.7%) among the subjects were grouped into Soumin, twenty-nine (32.6%) into Taeumin, twenty (22.5%) into Soyangin and two (2%) into Taeyangin. Taeyangin group was excluded from statistical analysis due to small subjects. Hydration, lipid and pH parameters on forehead and cheek were measured by using non-invasive instruments of Corneometer (CM 825, Schwarzhaup, Germany), Sebumeter (SM 815, Schwarzhaup, Germany) and Skin-pH-meter (pH 905, Schwarzhaup, Germany), respectively. The measurements by the same investigator were performed under standardized condition with a room temperature of $21^{\circ}C$ and a humidity level of 40% to 50%. As a result, hydration (F=25.481, p=.000), lipid (F=5.753, p=.005) and pH (F=5.010, p=.009) of the forehead skin showed significant differences in the order of Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin. Hydration (F=23.216, p=.000), lipid (F=6.898 p=.002) and pH (F=5.070, p=.008) of the cheek skin showed significant differences in the order of Taeumin, Soyangin and Soumin. In conclusion, facial skin surface seemed to be dependent on Sasang Constitution classification in Korean. These findings indicated that Sasang Constitution classification might be an useful esthetic treatment for caring facial skin in the future.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.98-115
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• 2007

1. Objectives This study focuses on the Validity of the Questionnaire about Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians 2. Methods By using the way of backward elimination, certain variables are chosen from the 438 cases whose physical conditions are absolutely diagnosed. After that, discriminant analysis for the selected variables has been done to obtain the physical constitution equation and the accuracy ratio of diagnosis which are useful for physical constitution diagnosis. 3. Results and Conclusions (1) In tile Validity for the Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians, the accuracy ratio of diagnosis of Taeyangin is 100%, Soyangin 62.5%, Taeumin 76.7%, and Soeumin 66.1% respectively as a result of the discriminant analysis employing Cronbach's alpha coefficient. On the whole, the accuracy ratio of diagnosis is 70.1%. (2). In the Validity for the Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification for Mongolians, the accuracy ratio of diagnosis of 70.1% means that it beats the maximum chance criterion of 41.4% and the proportional chance criterion of 34.4% by 28.7% and 35.7% respectively. Conclusively, this questionnaire has discriminant power.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.62-82
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• 1997

If we eat long time foods that don't suit our constitution, health is broken and we take a disease. Therefore, care of foods and taking medicine by constitutional notion have a object that is normal control of constitution. It is attained when we maintain an adequate balance of Jang and Bu(臟腑) organs functional deflection. Theory of SaSang constitution by Lee-Jae Ma provides us a proper base of theory. But, later foods and drugs classified by constitution, that is suggestied by many scholars, is some different. Therefore, it is doubtful whether choice of foods and drugs suitable to constitution is right. If we use foods and drugs suitable to constitution exactly, we can decrease a side effect arisen from unsuitableness. On this, I study by literatures in order to provide foundational data. Lee-Jae Ma classified four species constitution, I compared twelve literatures by constitution, classified profit and harmful foods, and arranged and classify drugs that literature writer suggests in common. On base of this study, I suggest that foods and drugs classified by constitution is as follows. 1. Lee-Jae Ma made SaSang constitution medicine, but didn't suggestied use of foods, therefore, commoness of foods constitutional classification must be arranged. 2. Also commoness of drugs constitutional classification must be arranged. 3. Other literatures must be compared and analyzed except those of this study, because I didn't analyze many SaSang literatures.