• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2001

We have studied the Yang-San peatland area to make a conservation plan. Since the peatland has its own unique ecosystem, which provides important resources in studying transformations of ecosystem, vegetation, weather, and many other things, it is not enough to emphasize the importance of preserving this area. Based on our investigation, we propose the followings to preserve the Yang-San peatland area and use in environmentally sustainable manner. First, it should be designated as a Wetland preservation area to make a conservation system between government and citizens. Second, a monitoring system is essential to observe the change of ecosystem and prohibit trespassing. Third, a comprehensive and precise investigation is in need how to restore the ecosystem. Fourth, an educational information about the ecosystem should be provided through pamphlets, postcards, visiting centers etc.

• Communications of the Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Engineers
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2013

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.101-111
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• 2014

The magazine (Bulletin) of "Seikou" was made by conservation engineers to exchange information about the survey and repair work of historic buildings in Japan before World War II. This magazine has 26 volumes in total, and was published periodically four times a year from April 1937 to December 1943. Publisher is Nindokai that is supposed to the forerunner of Bunkenkyo (the Japanese Association for Conservation of Architectural Monuments). Only 3 or 4 organizations except personal possession have it now. And it has a limit to use the contents of the article as a general historical material. So, it was rare that experts and researcher used to the "Seikou". However, this study focuses on the articles of the Korean historic building, which is sometimes appeared in it, although there are few. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the fact-finding of the conservation for the Korean historic building in Japanese colonial period by analyzing the articles in historical records of "Seikou".

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.22
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• pp.109-120
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• 2008

Understanding the whole knowledge of ceramics is essential for a person in charge of conservation of ceramics since their methods of manufacturing or materialistic features have very close relationship with their damaging process. Also, various executions of repair and restoration dealing with any damage in use have to be looked into. The information attained through those studies finds damaging causes of ceramics, which becomes a critical element when choosing a proper conservation treatment method and utilizes as indispensable data for permanent preservation. As part of scrutinizing materials of repair and restoration, this study examines the purpose, date, and the constituents of the materials used in metal bound rims adhered to the brim of ceramics. Among the subjected ceramics, the metal bound rims possible to scientific analysis were gone through element analyses with Portable ${\bullet}\"{I}$-XRF Spectrometer and SEM-EDS while the ingredients of the ceramics difficult to analyze were inferred by eye inspection of exhibition catalogues. The results of this study confirm that metal bound rims consisted of diverse materials were adhered to the brim of ceramics.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.122-129
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• 2010

Energy conservation is one of the most important issues for evaluating the performance of wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. Generally speaking, hierarchical clustering protocols such as LEACH, LEACH-C, EEEAC, and BCDCP are more efficient in energy conservation than flat routing protocols. However, these typical protocols still have drawbacks of unequal and high energy depletion in cluster heads (CHs) due to the different transmission distance from each CH to the base station (BS). In order to minimize the energy consumption and increase the network lifetime, we propose a new hierarchical routing protocol, distance aware intelligent clustering protocol (DAIC), with the key concept of dividing the network into tiers and selecting the high energy CHs at the nearest distance from the BS. We have observed that a considerable amount of energy can be conserved by selecting CHs at the nearest distance from the BS. Also, the number of CHs is computed dynamically to avoid the selection of unnecessarily large number of CHs in the network. Our simulation results showed that the proposed DAIC outperforms LEACH and LEACH-C by 63.28% and 36.27% in energy conservation respectively. The distance aware CH selection method adopted in the proposed DAIC protocol can also be adapted to other hierarchical clustering protocols for the higher energy efficiency.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

While much in the field of public management has emphasized the importance of nonprofit advocacy activities in policy and decision-making procedures, few have considered the relevance and impact of leading actors on structuring diverse patterns of information sharing and communication through social media. Building nonprofit advocacy is a complicated process for a single organization to undertake, but social media applications such as Facebook and Twitter have facilitated nonprofit organizations and stakeholders to effectively share information and communicate with each other for identifying their mission as it relates to environmental issues. By analyzing the Australian Marine Conservation Society's (AMCS) Twitter network data from the period 1 April to 20 April, 2013, this research discovered diverse patterns in nonprofit advocacy by leading actors in building advocacy. Based on the webometrics approach, analysis results show that nonprofit advocacy through social media is structured by dynamic information flows and intercommunications among participants and followers of the AMCS. Also, the findings indicate that the news media and international and domestic nonprofit organizations have a leading role in building nonprofit advocacy by clustering with their followers.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.116-125
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• 2012

The distribution, vegetation characteristics and an assessment of the conservation status of the Korea endemic species Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai were investigated to collect biological basic data to formulate a conservation strategy. According to the distribution map of C. hylomeconoides based on the literature, specimen information, and local field surveys, natural populations of C. hylomeconoides are intensively distributed in the Southern regions of the peninsula, around Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeollanan-do. C. hylomeconoides was distributed in the middle and low slope adjacent to a valley. The altitude ranged from 227 m to 744 m, with inclinations of $5-10^{\circ}$. As a result of a vegetation survey within natural populations, a total of 238 taxa were identified from 29 quadrates in 8 natural populations. The importance value of C. hylomeconoides is 25.34% based on the coverage and frequency of the herbaceous layer with in the populations. The species diversity of the occurrence of the species in 8 natural populations was 1.52, while the averages of species evenness and the dominance values were calculated to be 0.83 and 0.17, respectively. As a result of assessing the conservation status through IUCN Red List criteria, C. hylomeconoides was evaluated as Near Threatened (NT). Conservation strategies are also discussed for the sustainable conservation of C. hylomeconoides.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2019

While the expansion of protected areas in accordance with Korea's National Biodiversity Strategy contributions to the conservation of biological diversity, it incurs economic losses and poses threats to the livelihoods of local residents. Payment for ecosystem services (PES) compensates local residents for their economic damages in a sustainable manner. To assess feasibility of PES, there is a need to estimate the general public's benefits from biodiversity conservation in protected areas. This study attempted to estimate visitors' willingness to pay (WTP) for biodiversity conservation in Mt. Jiri using the contingent valuation method (CVM). The WTP of respondents for the expansion of protected areas to increase biodiversity conservation was estimated at 16,103 KRW per household per year and this equates to a total of 316.8 billion KRW for all the households in Korea. The higher a respondent's age, education level and household income level, the more willing he or she is to pay for biodiversity conservation. Likewise, respondents who are aware of Mt. Jiri's designation as an Ecosystem and Landscape Conservation Area are more willing to pay for biodiversity conservation. Moreover, the higher the importance placed on biodiversity conservation policy, the higher the willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation. To enhance the feasibility of PES schemes, it is necessary to improve the general public's knowledge and awareness of biodiversity by providing opportunities for education and more information on biodiversity and biodiversity policies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.504-521
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• 2016

Recently, energy harvesting technology has been integrated into wireless sensor networks to ameliorate the nodes' energy limitation problem. In theory, the wireless sensor node equipped with an energy harvesting module can work permanently until hardware failures happen. However, due to the change of power supply, the traditional hierarchical network routing protocol can not be effectively adopted in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we improve the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol to make it suitable for the energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the cluster heads are selected according to the estimation of nodes' harvested energy and consumed energy. Preference is given to the nodes with high harvested energy while taking the energy consumption rate into account. The utilization of harvested energy is mathematically formulated as a max-min optimization problem which maximizes the minimum energy conservation of each node. We have proved that maximizing the minimum energy conservation is an NP-hard problem theoretically. Thus, a polynomial time algorithm has been proposed to derive the near-optimal performance. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed routing scheme outperforms previous works in terms of energy conservation and balanced distribution.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.379-385
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• 2011

Energy consumption of building is given a sizable portion in total national energy conservation and if current trends continues, energy conservation level will rise as level of developed country. For this reason, a basic plan is proposed for integrated management system to manage energy conservation of buildings using a link with energy information and building information. Specifically, the questionnaire investigation conducted by building energy expert is performed to determine the projects along with time schedule and demands level of management system. In addition, to investigate study on energy usage information and management situation the management architecture of energy supplier is also studied.