Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2016.02.004

An Energy Harvesting Aware Routing Algorithm for Hierarchical Clustering Wireless Sensor Networks  

Tang, Chaowei (College of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University)
Tan, Qian (State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Han, Yanni (State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
An, Wei (State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Li, Haibo (Computing Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Tang, Hui (College of Communication Engineering, Chongqing University)
Publication Information
KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS) / v.10, no.2, 2016 , pp. 504-521 More about this Journal
Abstract
Recently, energy harvesting technology has been integrated into wireless sensor networks to ameliorate the nodes' energy limitation problem. In theory, the wireless sensor node equipped with an energy harvesting module can work permanently until hardware failures happen. However, due to the change of power supply, the traditional hierarchical network routing protocol can not be effectively adopted in energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we improve the Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol to make it suitable for the energy harvesting wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the cluster heads are selected according to the estimation of nodes' harvested energy and consumed energy. Preference is given to the nodes with high harvested energy while taking the energy consumption rate into account. The utilization of harvested energy is mathematically formulated as a max-min optimization problem which maximizes the minimum energy conservation of each node. We have proved that maximizing the minimum energy conservation is an NP-hard problem theoretically. Thus, a polynomial time algorithm has been proposed to derive the near-optimal performance. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed routing scheme outperforms previous works in terms of energy conservation and balanced distribution.
Keywords
Energy harvesting; routing protocols; hierarchy; wireless sensor networks;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 K. Kadirvel, Y. Ramadass, U. Lyles et al, "A 330nA energy-harvesting charger with battery management for solar and thermoelectric energy harvesting," in Proc. of International Solid-State Circuits Conference Digest of Technical Papers, pp.106-108, February 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)
2 S. McGarry and C. Knight, "Development and successful application of a tree movement energy harvesting device, to power a wireless sensor node," Sensors, vol. 20, no. 9, pp. 12110–12125, September 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
3 Y. K. Tan and S. K. Panda, "Optimized wind energy harvesting system using resistance emulator and active rectifier for wireless sensor nodes," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 26, no. 1, pp.38–50, January 2011. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
4 S. Basagni, M. Y. Naderi, C. Petrioli et al, "Wireless sensor networks with energy harvesting," Mobile Ad Hoc Networking: The Cutting Edge Directions IEEE Press, 2nd edn., pp.703-717, 2013. Article (CrossRef Link)
5 M. Xiao, X. D. Zhang and Y. H. Dong, "An effective routing protocol for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, pp.2080-2084, April 2013. Article (CrossRef Link)
6 W. R. Heinzelman, A. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan, "Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks," in Proc.of International Conference on System Sciences, pp.8020-8025, January 2000. Article (CrossRef Link)
7 N. Kumar and J. Kaur, "Improved LEACH protocol for wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, pp.1-5, September 2011. Article (CrossRef Link)
8 S. Rizvi, H. K. Qureshi, S. A. Khayam et al, "A1: an energy efficient topology control algorithm for connected area coverage in wireless sensor networks," Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 35, no. 2, pp.597–605, March 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
9 L. Yan, W. Pan, B. Luo et al, "Modified energy-efficient protocol for wireless senor networks in the presence of distributed optical fiber sensor link," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 11, no. 9, pp.1815–1819, September 2011. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
10 M. E. Saadawy and E. Shaaban, "Enhancing S-LEACH security for wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of International Conference on Electro/Information Technology, pp.1-6, May 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)
11 K. A. Darabkh, S. S. Ismail and M. Al-Shurman, "Performance evaluation of selective and adaptive heads clustering algorithms over wireless sensor networks," Journal of Network and Computer Applications, vol. 35, no. 6, pp.2068–2080, November 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
12 E. G. Palacios, N. Mehallegure and G. A. Safdar, "Providing security and energy efficiency in wireless ad-hoc sensor networks through secure cluster-head election (SEC-CH-E)," in Proc. of International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing, pp.47-51, July 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)
13 S. Deng, J. Li and L. Shen, "Mobility-based clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks with mobile nodes," IET Wireless Sensor Systems, vol. 1, no. 1, pp.39–47, March 2011. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
14 L. Karim and N. Nasser, "Reliable location-aware routing protocol for mobile wireless sensor network," IET Communications, vol. 6, no. 14, pp.2149–2158, September 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
15 Asaduzzaman and H. Y. Kong, "Energy efficient cooperative LEACH protocol for wireless sensor networks," Journal of Communications and Networks, vol. 12, no. 4, pp.358–365, August 2010. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
16 D. P. Dahnil, Y. P. Singh and C. K. Ho, "Topology-controlled adaptive clustering for uniformity and increased lifetime in wireless sensor networks," IET Wireless Sensor Systems, vol. 2, no. 4, pp.318–327, December 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
17 D. Wu, J. He, H. Wang et al, "A hierarchical packet forwarding mechanism for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks," IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 53, no. 8, pp.92–98, August 2015. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
18 O. Adeluyi, S. Moh and J. A. Lee, "A novel algorithm for maximizing the lifetime of sensor networks and the use of an m2-mote to refresh battery power on-the-fly," in Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM Workshops, pp.1-3, April 2009. Article (CrossRef Link)
19 S. Guo, F. Wang, Y. Yang et al, "Energy-efficient cooperative transmission for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in clustered wireless sensor networks", IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 63, no. 11, pp.4405-4417, September 2015. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
20 J. Li, Y. Yang and C. Wang, "Mobility assisted data gathering in heterogeneous energy replenishable wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of IEEE 23rd International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks, pp.1-8, August 2014. Article (CrossRef Link)
21 A. A. Aziz, Y. A. Sekercioglu, P. Fitzpatrick et al, "A survey on distributed topology control techniques for extending the lifetime of battery powered wireless sensor networks," IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, vol. 15, no. 1, pp.121–144, January 2013. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
22 P. H. Cheng and C. L. Chen, "High efficiency and nondissipative fast charging strategy," IEEE Proceedings Electric Power Applications, vol. 150, no. 5, pp.539–545, September 2003. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
23 A. Kansal, J. Hsu, S. Zahedi et al, "Power management in energy harvesting sensor networks," ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, vol. 6, no. 4, pp.32–69, September 2007. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
24 M. K. Jakobsen, J. Madsen, and M. R. Hansen, "DEHAR: a distributed energy harvesting aware routing algorithm for Ad-hoc multi-hop wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks, pp.1-9, June, 2010. Article (CrossRef Link)
25 W. Feller,"Introduction to Probability Theory and its Applications," Wiley, 3rd edition, 1968.
26 W. B. Heinzelman, A. P. Chandrakasan and H. Balakrishnan, "An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks," IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 1, no. 4, pp.660–670, October 2002. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
27 W. An, S. Ci, H. Luo et al, "Overall cost minimization for data aggregation in energy-constrained wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of IEEE ICC, pp.6014-6018, June 2013. Article (CrossRef Link)
28 B. Kadri, D. Moussaoui, M. Feham et al, "An efficient key management scheme for hierarchical wireless sensor networks," Wireless Sensor Network, vol. 4, no. 6, pp.155–161, June 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
29 C. H. Zhang and S. H. Jia, "UWB bandpass filter using cascaded miniature high-pass and low-pass filters with multilayer liquid crystal polymer technology," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 58, no. 4, pp.941–948, April 2010. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
30 T. Han and N. Ansari, "ICE: intelligent cell breathing to optimize the utilization of green energy," IEEE COMmunications Letters, vol. 16, no. 6, pp.866–869, June 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
31 M. R. Garey and D. S. Johnson, "Computer and intractability: a guide to the theory of NP-completeness," W.H. Freeman and Company, 1st, edn., pp.60-62, 1979.
32 A. Cammarano, C. Petrioli and D. Spenza, "Pro-energy: a novel energy prediction model for solar and wind energy-harvesting wireless sensor networks," in Proc. of IEEE 9th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, pp.75-83, October 2012. Article (CrossRef Link)
33 X. Y. Chu and H. Sethu, "Cooperative topology control with adaptation for improved lifetime in wireless ad hoc networks," in Proc. of IEEE INFOCOM, pp.262-270, April 2012.Article (CrossRef Link)
34 W. Jie and D. Fei, "Mobility-sensitive topology control in mobile ad hoc networks," IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems, vol. 17, no. 6, pp.522–535, June 2006. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI
35 R. Z. Sun, J. Yuan, I. You et al, "Energy-aware weighted graph based dynamic topology control algorithm," Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, vol. 19, no. 8, pp.1773–1781, September 2011. Article (CrossRef Link)   DOI