• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.432-438
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• 2017

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro validity of quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital (QLF-D) and laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent) for assessing proximal caries in extracted premolars, using digital radiography as reference method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 102 extracted premolars with similar lengths and shapes were used. A single operator conducted all the examinations using three different detection methods (bitewing radiography, QLF-D, and DIAGNOdent). The bitewing x-ray scale, QLF-D fluorescence loss (${\Delta}F$), and DIAGNOdent peak readings were compared and statistically analyzed. RESULTS. Each method showed an excellent reliability. The correlation coefficient between bitewing radiography and QLF-D, DIAGNOdent were -0.644 and 0.448, respectively, while the value between QLF-D and DIAGNOdent was -0.382. The kappa statistics for bitewing radiography and QLF-D had a higher diagnosis consensus than those for bitewing radiography and DIAGNOdent. The QLF-D was moderately to highly accurate (AUC = 0.753 - 0.908), while DIAGNOdent was moderately to less accurate (AUC = 0.622 - 0.784). All detection methods showed statistically significant correlation and high correlation between the bitewing radiography and QLF-D. CONCLUSION. QLF-D was found to be a valid and reliable alternative diagnostic method to digital bitewing radiography for in vitro detection of proximal caries.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-78
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• 2016

The value of using health insurance claim database is continuously rising in healthcare research. In studies where comorbidities act as a confounder, comorbidity adjustment holds importance. Yet researchers are faced with a myriad of options without sufficient information on how to appropriately adjust comorbidity. The purpose of this study is to assist in selecting an appropriate index, look back period, and data range for comorbidity adjustment. No consensus has been formed regarding the appropriate index, look back period and data range in comorbidity adjustment. This study recommends the Charlson comorbidity index be selected when predicting the outcome such as mortality, and the Elixhauser's comorbidity measures be selected when analyzing the relations between various comorbidities and outcomes. A longer look back period and inclusion of all diagnoses of both inpatient and outpatient data led to increased prevalence of comorbidities, but contributed little to model performance. Limited data range, such as the inclusion of primary diagnoses only, may complement limitations of the health insurance claim database, but could miss important comorbidities. This study suggests that all diagnoses of both inpatients and outpatients data, excluding rule-out diagnosis, be observed for at least 1 year look back period prior to the index date. The comorbidity index, look back period, and data range must be considered for comorbidity adjustment. To provide better guidance to researchers, follow-up studies should be conducted using the three factors based on specific diseases and surgeries.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.31-54
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• 1992

Generating an action plan and obtaining commitment to achieve it is desired in organizations, but not always achieved. Whatever the reason, there is a room for an improved approach to decision making, so that people can arrive at a common understanding of a problem and commitment to action. Those are the purposes of a Decision Conferencing(DC). A DC, one example of single workstation-based GDSSs, is a two-day session attended by a group of people who attempt to resolve important issues of concern to their organization with the help of group facilitation techniques and decision analytic computer modelling. The interchange of differing perspectives on the issues is encouraged by the facilitator who attends to group processes but does not contribute to the content of discussions. Decision analysis provides a variety of structures for modelling the differing perspectives. Information and value judgements are incorporated in these models, whose results usually reveal new, higher-level perspectives on the issues. Information technology is needed to combine the part of the model and to facilitate on-the-spot replay of results. The experimental case study in this paper shows that how a DC can help a Korea's trading company to develop new, corporate level resource allocation strategies which are based on improved consensus among competing participants.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1995.10b
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• pp.120-120
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• 1995

The total size of the pF AR1, a genomic clone of Frankia FaCI, was estimated to be about 44Kb by summation of the individual fragment length generated by single or double restriction enzymes. Southern hybridization analyses with Azotobacter vinelandii nif-genes as probes and partial sequencing analyses of the subclones revealed that organization of the nif-gene in the FaCI strain was nifV, H, D, K, E, N, X, W, B. The organization of the structural genes for nitrogenase is the same in this Frankia strain as it is in most other nitrogen-fixing prokaryotes but the positioning of the nifV-like gene relative to the nifHDK cluster differs. A consensus nif-promoter-like sequence, found at 5' of nifH, was not detected upstream of the niJV-like gene. nifV-like gene contained a ORF of 1206 NT encoding 401 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence of the gene exhibit homology value of 65% and 41% with that from A vinelandii, respectively. The putative Shine-Dargamo sequences were present preceding nitK, nifH, D, K, and nifE, and in nitK gene putative start codon GTG was detected instead of A TG. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence of niIK of FaCI showed 82% and 76% homolgy with those of Frankia HFPCc 13, respectively. Amino acid sequence of niIK showed 69% and 61% homology with those of A vinelandii, Klebsiella pnewnoniae, respectively, while that of nifE 73% and 71%, respecti vely.i vely.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2006

This study is to integratedly examine coastal management policy and marine tourism development project for Korean coasts, especially for the South Sea of high development pressure, presenting sustainable tourism development policies for the future. To do so, it is examined central government-level coastal development projects set up by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries and the Ministry cf Construction and Transportation, setting the direction of south coastal management and tourism development at a level of national territory planning. The problems of coastal management first and then the problems of the South Coast Tourism Belt Project are analyzed in order to present political and administrative alternatives. To overcome such problems and make Korea a marine tourism base in East Asia, there is a need for re-recognition of the value of the project and its continuous push through cooperation between central and local governments. Also, under the presupposition of consensus building among local people and the sustainable development of environments, there should be are-recognition that the future cf Korean marine tourism in the 21st-century and the success of an inverted $\pi-axis$ national development depend on the South coastal Tourism Belt Development Project.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.460-464
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• 2013

Single-chain variable fragments of antibodies (scFv) specific to 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) were isolated from a phage library displaying synthetic human scFv fragments with 6 diversified complementary determining regions (CDRs). A DNT derivative that contained an extended amine group was synthesized and conjugated to the NHS-group that was linked to magnetic beads. Phages specific to the immobilized DNT derivatives were isolated from the library after 4 rounds of sequential binding and elution processes. The displayed scFv fragments from the isolated phages showed consensus CDR sequences. One DNT-specific scFv was expressed in E. coli and purified using Ni-affinity chromatography. The purified DNT-specific scFv binds specifically to the immobilized DNT-derivative with $K_D$ value of $6.0{\times}10^{-7}$ M. The scFv and DNT interaction was not disrupted by the addition of 4-nitrotoluene or benzoic acid. These data demonstrate that the screened scFv from the phage displayed library could be used for selective and sensitive detection of explosives such as TNT.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.82-90
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• 2010

New Zealand appears to be a water rich country; however there are considerable water allocation issues. Mostly these revolve around balancing environmental concerns with economic development. The largest economic sector is agriculture which currently utilizes around 80% of the allocated water and has considerable potential to increase in size. The resource management framework that New Zealand has developed over the past twenty years revolves around local decision-making and sustainable management principles. As the demands for water have grown there has been growing concern that this framework is inadequate to deal with the issues of declining water quantity and quality through agricultural intensification. In Canterbury, the region with the highest water allocation and demand, a new approach is being trialed. The Canterbury Water Management Strategy (CWMS) recognizes the need for: ecological restoration for past damage; infrastructure development for increased irrigation; and the need to link infrastructure with more efficient use of water by both existing and new water users. These three elements are recognized as having equal value. The CWMS builds on the local decision-making concept but is deliberately aimed at consensus building in order to remove expensive and adversarial resource management hearings. It is practical enough to recognize that economic development is needed but that it need not proceed in conflict with the environment, but rather can be a means towards environmental improvement.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Most of the Indian contractors are not well equipped to handle the growing demand of infrastructure development; hence construction projects frequently run in to time and cost overruns, disputes and quality issues. This study aims to improve the construction industry in India by implementing lean principles to eliminate non-value adding activities (wastes). The purpose of this study is to 1) identify the wastes and their sources affecting the construction process, and 2) to identify problems and document lessons by applying a Last Planner System (LPS) to a sample project. First, the researchers identified that Delays, Rework, and Interruptions were the most critical wastes affecting the construction process and Poor management control, Poor Planning and Shortage of Resources were the major sources of the above mentioned wastes. Second, the researchers report the Percent of Planned Complete (PPC) analysis results and experienced problems after implementation of LPS at the sample project. It was observed that much more improvement could have been achieved if there was consensus between the owners and the contractor on the implementation of the LPS in its entirety. Some of the problems experienced in the implementation of the LPS like lack of scheduling, resource and material shortage were found to be similar to those in developed countries.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.14-30
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• 2021

Data innovation is at the core of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. While the catastrophic COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the societal shift toward a data-driven society, the direction of overall data regulation remains unclear and data policy experts have yet to reach a consensus. This study identifies and examines the ideal regulator models of data-policy experts and suggests an appropriate method for developing policy in the data economy. To identify different typologies of data regulation, this study used Q methodology with 42 data policy experts, including public officers, researchers, entrepreneurs, and professors, and additional focus group interviews (FGIs) with six data policy experts. Using a Q survey, this study discerns four types of data policy regulators: proactive activists, neutral conservatives, pro-protection idealists, and pro-protection pragmatists. Based on the results of the analysis and FGIs, this study suggests three practical policy implications for framing a nation's data policy. It also discusses possibilities for exploring diverse methods of data industry regulation, underscoring the value of identifying regulatory issues in the data industry from a social science perspective.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.81-91
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• 2022

Purpose - This study explores the role played by the government in spreading corporate green IT. Indeed, a lot of evidence is emerging that governments acting independently are not in a position of attaining the far end economic and social changes need for the realization of green IT. As much as matters about green IT was initiated by many governments. Research design, Data, and methodology - This study selected the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) as a research design. The PRISMA is recognized for its standard evidence reporting system and can provide adequate systematic review among previous studies. Result - A lot of consensus leads to the acquisition of the value of corporate green IT concerning the effectiveness of the collaboration. This study could obtain six suggestions from the systematic review, such as 'Rebalancing Government and Public Duties', 'Direct Regulation', 'Marketing Tools and Fiscal or Economic Measures', 'VNRP', 'Education for Decision Making', 'Latest Policy Trends within the G8 Nations'. Conclusion - The most challenging aspect when it comes to ensuring corporate green IT is the separation of economic growth from the perspectives regarding life qualities. According to the study (Falcone, 2020), this needs a second policy-oriented wedge concerning re-socialization with the desire of encouraging the development of the culture associated with the corporate green IT.