• 복식문화연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.819-832
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to examine female college students' credit card usage characteristics and to investigate differences in buying propensity of clothing including impulse buying, consciousness, and conspicuous consumption among their buyer groups according to credit card use and personal characteristics. The questionnaires were administered to female college students in Seoul. The total of 588 questionnaires were collected and statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Duncan's test. Female college students' arrear as well as credit card use have been increasing, and they tend to purchase low price clothing item using credit card. Buying propensity was classified into three factors. There were differences in buying propensity of clothing including impulse buying, fashion consciousness, and conspicuous consumption among buyer groups according to the credit card use and personal characteristics. Students who have credit card and arrear experience, are heavy credit user, and purchase more clothing showed high impulse buying propensity. Students who purchase more clothing monthly with credit card were more fashion-conscious. Students who have credit card, are heavy credit user, and purchase more clothing showed high conspicuous consumption propensity. Implications and future research directions were discussed.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effect of improvements in the quality of service management performance of college education on traders' conscious change of business management innovation and diverse sales expertise for a year. The use of traders' conscious changes and sales expertise as variables for the verification of the effects of parameters related to the active trader's traditional education market is a desirable direction. The method of research reflects the quality of education service, management result, traders' conscious changes, and sales expertise to understand the precise essence and definition of teaching quality at merchant colleges through theoretical consideration. Moreover, its impact on traders' conscious changes and sales expertise in empirical analysis acts as an intermediary. Research design, data, methodology - The hypothesis of this study leverages the SPSS statistical program. To gather actual proof, sample survey for theoretical research examined 262 valid papers of the 300 papers written by 10 merchants who graduated from merchant's university. First, using the SERVQUAL model, Parasuraman et al. (1996) indicated that for quality of education service, the configuration of factors is the same as the sympathetic performance, that is, responsiveness and empathy, and traders are aware of these elements. However, our preliminary investigation revealed that traders' university education has been excluded as a component of quality of service in the earlier studies. Moreover, we found that certainty of knowledge, reliability, and sympathy are influenced by challenges and by the changing intentions of merchant consciousness. In addition, our study confirms that improvements in convincing abilities and sales technique have a positive impact. Second, merchants' and traders' expertise are proven to affect business performance. In other words, university education of traders and merchants affects the consciousness of consumers, and changes patterns of sales. Third, the quality of service management education and change in the consciousness has a considerable impact on the trader, thereby maximizing business performance and acting as an intermediary for verification. Fourth, the quality of service management education affects the trader's sales expertise to maximize business performance. Results - To summarize, the quality of college educational services relates to the improvement of business performance and the role of the resulting virtuous cycle. Consequently, we can look for suggestions in the traditional markets, where the Government pays attention to the exterior environmental factors as well as to the changing business environment. However, the most important aspect is the merchant awareness. That is, a merchant should understand the distribution environment. Several competitor and trend analyses should be conducted to meet customers' expectations positively and proactively cope with any challenges related to changes. Further, expertise in sales and marketing skills need to be acquired to improve customer convincing abilities and develop a customer-oriented mindset. Conclusions - According to the changes in consumption trends of business enterprises, new management techniques are required to survive competition by improving traditional markets, which will necessitate more competitive education programs in merchant universities.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.3056-3074
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• 2014

Convergecast is probably the most common communication style in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). And linear network coding (LNC) is a promising concept to improve throughput or reliability of convergecast. Most of the existing works have mainly focused on exploiting these benefits without considering its potential adverse effect. In this paper, we argue that LNC may not always benefit convergecast. This viewpoint is discussed within four basic scenarios: LNC-aided and none-LNC convergecast schemes with and without automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanisms. The most concerned performance metrics, including packet collection rate, energy consumption, energy consumption balance and end-to-end delay, are investigated. Theoretical analyses and simulation results show that the way LNC operates, i.e., conscious overhearing and the prerequisite of successfully decoding, could naturally diminish its advantages in convergecast. And LNC-aided convergecast schemes may even be inferior to none-LNC ones when the wireless link delivery ratio is high enough. The conclusion drawn in this paper casts a new light on how to effectively apply LNC to practical WSNs.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.85-104
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• 1994

The primary objective of this survey is to find out how New-Generation Consumers' preferences to wedding housing leisure facilities and nursing facilities are different by their socio-demographic and economic characteristics. 1,227 New-Generation Consumers in Seoul and its metro-politan area whose ages are greater than 20 years and less than 35 years and whose marital periods are less than 4 years are selected for emperical study. The findings show that the trends of New-Generation consumers' preferences are variety high-quality community-concept and openess et al. and nursing should be segmented by consumers' characteristics. In addition the findings suggest that consumer education for New-Generation Consumers and their parents should be performed according to desirable and socilly conscious consumption.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14호
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• pp.99-106
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• 1998

Today's consumers have the behavior of purchasing that is self-value-centered and distinctly goal-conscious. Because of this trend the new shops that sell well have the characteristics that effectely transfers strong store-image. The starting point of selling is showing. To appeal to the sense of more consumers and to facilitate the act of consumption you should express more surely store and image of merchandise in the limited space of sales room. Especially in the compound living goods store which sell various items of products the role of presenting the whole merchandises attractive and organized is of utmost importance and the interior planning of show rooms and displaying the room according to the actual sales. According to this the goal of this study is to create not only the convenience of purchasing but also distinguished store image through organizing show rooms according to themes as a part of VMD strategy.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.629-637
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• 2002

This study sought to determine family restaurant patrons' attitudes toward nutrition and healthy menus. A written questionnaire was handed out to 300 dine-in customers at the three different sites of T brand family restaurant. A total of 265 questionnaires were usable for data analysis, resulting in 88% response rate. Two attitude statements eliciting the strongest agreement were that 'Diet and chronic diseases risk are closely connected each other(4.44)' and 'Koreans are more nutrition & health conscious than they were in the past(4.41)'. The attitude statement-that nutrition is important when I eat out- received the lowest scores(2.92), which indicated that nutrition was not yet considered the most important factor when dining out. 23% of the respondents were interested in healthful foods, while 30% said they were unconcerned. Nutrition conscious group showed significantly (p<.000) higher attitude scores for most of statements than unconcerned group. Significant differences were found in age groups(p<.05, p<.01, p<.001), income levels(p<.05), educational levels(p<.05), health status groups(p<.05), and weight control interest groups(p<.05). Older respondents, respondents with higher income and educational levels were more interested in nutrition and healthy menus. Respondents who reported good health status and showed higher interest in weight control were more interested in nutrition and healthy menus. These findings indicate that restaurant firms should respond to consumers' increased interest in nutrition and healthy menus by offering healthful menus and increasing nutrition marketing activities. This may positively result in increasing customer counts and revenue as well as customer satisfaction level and brand image of restaurant firms. Moreover, restaurant firms are strongly encouraged to play an active role in promoting public's nutritional and health status because increasing consumption of meals away from home will seriously affect good health of our consumers.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.511-529
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• 2016

The current study aims to segment Chinese female consumers using their lifestyle dimensions in the cosmetics market, and analyze their cosmetics purchasing behavior based on that segmentation. Specifically, lifestyle groups were examined to see if there is any group difference(s) in consumer behavior for Korean cosmetics. Lifestyle groups were examined based on: consumers' demographic characteristics, perceived brand attributes, loyalty toward Korean cosmetics, usage of Korean cosmetics products, preferred stores of shopping for Korean cosmetics, and use of information sources in purchase decisions. An online survey was administered to female consumers who live in Beijing and Shanghai. A total of 493 surveys were used for data analyses. The results of the study were as follows: First, factor analysis revealed 11 significant lifestyle dimensions. Second, using these 11 lifestyle dimensions, cluster analysis was conducted, which revealed four distinct groups of consumers: (1) "timid inactive group," characterized by having low scores in most lifestyle dimensions; (2) "showcase goers," who tend to be highly fashion/appearance-conscious and brand-oriented; (3) "practical buyers," who tend to be price-conscious, sensitive and timid; and (4) "sensible buyers," who enjoy finer meals and wellbeing lifestyles, as well as hardworking in everything and impulse-buy things. Third, consumer behavior of purchasing Korean cosmetics brands were examined; significant differences among the four lifestyle groups were found. The study concludes with a discussion of the results and practical implications.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2014

Ice Rink is energy intensive building type. Concern of energy saving from buildings is one of very important issues nowadays. New and renewable energy sources for buildings are especially important when we concern about energy supply for buildings. Among new and renewable energy sources, use of seawater for heating and cooling is an emerging issue for energy conscious building design. The options of energy use from sea water heat sources are using deep sea water for direct cooling with heat exchange facilities, and using surface layer water with heat pump systems. In this study, energy consumptions for an Ice Rink building are analyzed according to the heat sources of air-conditioning systems; existing system and sea water heat source system, in a coastal city, Kangnung. The location of the city Kangnung is good for using both deep sea water which is constant temperature throughout the year less than $2^{\circ}C$, and surface layer water which should be accompanied with heat pump systems. The result shows that using sea water from 200m and 30m under sea lever can save annual energy consumption about 33% of original system and about 10% of that using seawater from 0m depth. Annual energy consumption is similar between the systems with seawater from 200m and 30m. Although the amount of energy saving in summer of the system with 200m depth is higher than that with 30m depth, the requirement of energy in winter of the system with 200m depth is bigger than that with 30m depth.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.81-95
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• 2006

School is an excellent place for children to loam environment-conscious behavior and for teachers to bring up environmental education. School has a plenty of teaching materials such as school building, pond, school forest, waste and school supplies. Especially, the environmental education for and with school supplies can be very effective, as it is mostly the first products for children to learn the buying and consumption in their daily life. In this study we conducted a survey on the environmental attitude of two groups of 5th graders towards environmentally friendly school supplies. The experimental group received environmental education on school supplies and the control group did not. The survey results showed that almost 50% of the children did not consider the environmental impact, but rather the price, design and function when buying the school supplies. However, more than 70% of children were willing to use the recycled school products, implying that they are aware of environmental Issues and want to contribute to the preservation and improvement of the environment. The children recognized paper/notebooks and paints/crayons as the major environmental problems. Writing appliances such as pens, pencils, highlighters and markers were also considered as environmental concerns, since most of them are made of plastics and they are not easily biodegradable nor refillable. We also exemplify a lesson-plan for environmental education program on school supplies and make suggestions to encourage the use of those eco-friendly school materials.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2013

As household energy consumption has increased, serious environmental problems, such as resource depletion and global warming, are becoming global issues. It is essential to conduct the energy use of residents living in apartments in order to come up with alternative solutions for energy savings. Therefore, this study examined the energy use awareness of apartment residents and their energy use behavior by various types of awareness. To understand their energy use behavior according to the awareness of the subjects, the energy awareness dimension was created with five factors and they were subject to a cluster analysis; then, the subjects were categorized into three groups. Finally, the difference of energy use behavior was examined by groups of energy awareness. G1 represents the group that is indifferent to energy savings and believes that convenience is an important factor. Also, with respect to energy use behavior, this group tends to pursue convenience. G2 is the group that is conscious of energy use costs thereby enduring some inconvenience, and shows savings behavior in daily life and household affairs. Although, G3 is very aware of the significance for the necessity of energy saving, their energy saving behavior is relatively negative. Regarding these different characteristics of each resident group in their energy saving awareness and behaviors, diverse methods and promotion in energy education are required. Furthermore, an effective energy policy should be established based on the understanding of energy consumption.