• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 1998

The conidial germination of Pestaotiopsis theae was occurred in cells attched with pedicels, the inferior cell of conidium. The cells were swollen like a ball, and then germinated in 4 hours under favorable conditions. Generally, it was considered that fifty percent of whole conidia was germinated in the range 6~12 hours. The optimum temperature and pH for conidial germination of P. theae (SP-3) causing leaf blight on sweet persimmon was $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 5, respectively. Conidial germination rate was higher than 90% at 100% relative humidity, but never germinated at a relative humidity lower than 88.5%. Conidial germination was highest at the concentration of 1~4$\times$104 conidia/ml. In case of cultural media, the conidial germination was higher than 90% on PDA, PSA, OME and Leonian agar. There was no relationship between light and conidial germination. It was concluded that the key environmental factors affecting conidial germination of the fungus (SP-3) were temperature and moisture.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.135-139
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• 1985

Influence of temperature, relative humidity, spore washing and spore drying on conidial germination of Alternaria porri(Ell.) Cif. was studied. Maximum conidial germination occurred at 100% relative humidity prevailing for 6 hours or more at $25^{\circ}C$. Conidial germination decreased with increase in number of spore washings. Drying of conidia for more than half an hour caused significant decrease in germination. In all the experiments, conidial germinatio increased with increase in incubation period.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.322-327
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• 2005

Regression models for determining infection periods of apple white rot were developed based on conidial germination and appressorium formation of Botryosphaeria dothidea. A total of 120 apple fruits were inoculated with the fungal conidial suspension and subjected to 6 temperatures and 10 wetness periods. Conidia germinated and produced appressoria, exhibiting swollen tips of germ tubes on the fruit surface. Conidial germination (G) increased with temperature (T) and wetness period (W), and was described as $G=-89.273+7.649T+7.056W-0.109T^{2}-0.085W^{2}-0.066TW(R^{2}=0.75)$. Less than 2 hr of wetness period were enough for conidia to germinate at 25 to $30^{\circ}C$. Effects of temperature and wetness period on appressorium formation (A) could be explained as $A=-1.540-2.375W+0.045W^{2}+0.213TW(R^{2}=0.77)$. The relationship between conidial germination and appressorium formation ($A_g$) was described as$A_g=0.381-0.227G+0.005G^{2}(R^{2}=0.67)$, suggesting that conidial germination may have to reach approximately $43.7\%$ to initiate appressorium formation. Using the regression equation for conidial germination and the criterion of $43.7\%$ conidial germination, an infection model was developed to determine infection periods based on temperature and wetness period. The infection model with the criterion of $43.7\%$ conidial germination was apparently more conservative than the appressorium formation model in determining possibility of apple infection. The infection model seemed sensitive to variable weather conditions, suggesting possible use of the model for timing fungicide sprays to control white rot of apples in practice.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-67
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• 1984

대두갈색무늬병균의 포자발아(分生胞子發芽) 미치는 외부영양공급(外部營養供給) 및 self-inhibitor의 영향(影響)을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 갈색무늬병균의 포자발아율은 감자한천배지 및 대두잎조각을 첨가한 증류수에서는 양호하였으나 살균된 증류수에서는 극히 불량하였다. 2. 갈색무늬병균의 포자발아에는 탄소원의 외부공급이 절대 필요한 것으로 보였으며 인산, 가리 등은 큰 영향이 없는 것으로 보였다. 3. 탄소원으로서는 가용성 전분이 가장 효과적이었고 다음이 포도당, 유당 등이었으며 포도당의 경우 $5\times10^{-2}mol$ 농도에서 가장 높은 발아율을 보였다. 4. 포자발아율은 포자밀도가 높을수록 현저히 감소하여 포자농도 $10,000conidia/mm^2$ 이상에서는 거의 발아하지 않는 것으로 보아 self-inhibitor가 존재하는 것으로 보였다. 5. 기질(基質)을 세척한 포자의 발아율은 세척하지 않은 포자의 발아율에 비해 낮았으며 이러한 현상은 포자농도가 $2,000conidia/mm^2 $ 이상으로 증가할 때 더욱 현저하였고 건조된 한천배양기위에는 발아율 감소가 현저하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2004

Five fungicides such as rovral, bavistin, cupravit, dithane M-45 and thiovit were tested against conidial germination of Fusarium oxysporum. Dithane M-45 was the most effective against the fungus. Rests of the fungicides were more or less effective in the inhibition of conidial germination after $5{\sim}30$ minutes immersion in $500{\sim}2500$ ppm concentration. Five plant extracts(leaf extracts of Ocimum sanctum, Lantana camera, Calotropis procera, Azadirachta indica and Vinca rosea) found to be more or less effective against the fungus. 'Dhup' somke have good inhibitory effect on conidial germination of F. oxysporum.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.129-133
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• 1985

Effect of some physical and chemical factors on germination of conidia of Alternaria alternata (Fries) Keissler causing fruit rot of apple was investigated. The germination was maximum at $30^{\circ}C$, 100 per cent RH and at 5.5 pH Syllit, amongst the 11 fungicides and Planofix, amongst the 5 growth regulators caused maximum inhibition of conidial germination.

• 식물병연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.381-385
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• 2011

본 실험에서는 당근 검은잎마름원균의 포자 발아 및 생존에 영향을 끼치는 온도, 상대습도, pH와 건조시간에 대하여 조사하였다. 분생포자의 발아는 $15-25^{\circ}C$ 사이에서 95% 이상의 상대습도 조건에서 촉진되었으나, $5^{\circ}C$에서는 상대습도와 상관없이 발아율이 급격히 감소하였다. 병원균의 분생포자 발아를 촉진하는 최적 환경조건은 습도 95% 이상, 온도 $15-25^{\circ}C$, pH 7.0 및 당근 잎 추출물 0.2%로 확인되었다. 또한 분생포자는 건조시간이 경과함에 따라 발아율이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 분생포자는 수분 없이 12시간까지 생존 가능하였으며, 수분이 재공급될 경우에는 10% 정도의 발아율을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 A. dauci의 포자 발아 및 발생 생태를 이해하는데 유용한 정보를 제공할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 1986

고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌)(Colletrichum denzatium f. sp. capsicum)의 발아(發芽)에 미치는 영양원(營養源) 및 환경요인(環境要因)의 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코져 slide 발아법(發芽法)으로 실시(實施)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌) 분생포자(分生胞子) 발아(發芽)의 온도범위(溫度範圍)는 $15{\sim}35^{\circ}C$ 이고 최적온도(最適溫度)는 $28^{\circ}C$, pH 범위(範圍)는 $4.5{\sim}8.0$이고 최적(最適) pH 는 5.5 였고 상대습도(相對濕度)는 포화(飽和)에 가까운 90% 이상(以上)의 상대습도(相對濕度)에서 발아율(發芽率)이 현저(顯著)히 좋았다. 2. 고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌)의 포자발아(胞子發芽)는 PSB(potato sucrose broth), RPFD(red pepper fruit broth), GPFB(green pepper furit broth) 및 PLB (pepper leaf broth) 에서는 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었으나 살균증류수(殺菌蒸溜水)(D.W) 에서는 발아율(發芽率)이 현저(顯著)히 떨어지는 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. 탄소원(炭素源)과 질소원(窒素源)의 투여(投與)는 발아(發芽)에 절대적(絶對的)인 영향(影響)을 미치는 것으로 확인(確認)되었으며 K,P 및 S 등(等)의 무기염류(無機鹽類)는 뚜렷한 경향(傾向)을 보이지 않았다. 4. 탄소원(炭素源)이 발아(發芽)에 미치는 효과(效果)에서 단당류(單糖類)인 glucose 와 galactose 에서, 이당류(二糖類)인 lactose 에서 그리고 다당류(多糖類)인 가용성(可溶性) 전분(澱粉)에서 90% 이상(以上)의 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었다. 5. 현탁액(懸濁液)의 분생포자(分生胞子) 밀도(密度)가 $1{\times}10^4\;conidia/ml$ 일때 가장 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었고 $2{\times}10^4\;conidia/ml$ 이상(以上)일 때 발아율(發芽率)은 현저(顯著)히 감소(減少)되었으며 $5{\times}10^4\;conidia/ml$의 포자밀도(胞子密度)에서는 극(極)히 낮은 발아율(發芽率)을 보이는 것으로 미루어 포자밀도(胞子密度)의 증가(增加)가 self-inhibitor 로 작용(作用)하는 것으로 추측(推測)되며 기질(基質)을 제거(除去)한 분생포자(分生胞子)의 발아율(發芽率)은 기질(基質)을 제거(除去)하지 않은 분생포자(分生胞子)의 발아율(發芽率)보다 낮은 경향(傾向)을 보였으며 분생포자(分生胞子) 밀도(密度)가 증가(增加)할수록 더욱 현저(顯著)한 발아율(發芽率)의 감소(減少)를 가져왔다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2005

In Northern Bangladesh, generally mango trees are planted as agroforest that gives higher Net Present Value (NPV) than traditional agriculture. Mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. is seen as a very destructive and widely distributed disease, which results in poor market value. Five fungicides such as Cupravit, Bavistin, Dithane M-45, Thiovit and Redomil were tested against conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides. Dithane M-45 and Redomil were the most effective when the conidia were immersed for $10{\sim}20$ minutes at $500{\sim}1000\;ppm$ concentrations. Antifungal activities of 13 plant extracts were tested against conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides. Conidial germination of C. gloeosporioides was completely inhibited in Curcuma longa (leaf and rhizome), Tagetes erecta (leat) and Zingiber officinales (rhizome) after 15 minutes of incubation respectively.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.325-332
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• 1994

In order to find out formulation and effect of soil amendment on Fusarium wilt of sesame caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, the study was conducted during the last two years of 1992 to 1993. Among 14 chemicals (1%, w/w) added to soil including CaO individually, Al2(SO4)3, Alum, and CaO suppressed mycelial growth and conidial germination of F.oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum. CaCl2 suppressed mycelial growth only, while glycerine, KCl, K2 HPO4, and triple superphosphate suppressed conidial germination. Suppression rate was ranged from 21 to 100% on mycelial growth. The 8 chemicals were finally selected. Among the 4 organic compounds, composted pine bark showed definite suppression on mycelial growth and conidial germination of the fungus, whereas milled alfalfa leaves was only effective on conidial germination of Fusarium wilt pathogen. The antagonist Trichoderma harzianum grew well in the soil medium amended with the composted pine bark and chemicals mixture (CPM) amendment (1%, w/w) and suppressed mycelial growth of the fungus effectively. In pot test, Fusarium wilt of sesame was completely controlled by CPM amendment.