• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.381-388
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 선박의 속력을 고려한 해상교통량 평가 방법을 제안하였으며, 이를 선박의 속력을 고려하지 않은 기존의 방법과 비교하였다. 평가를 위하여 평택 당진항 10일간의 GICOMS 자료를 본 연구에 적용하였다. 그 결과 제안된 방법으로 평가된 환산교통량은 기존의 평가 방법에 비해 4.41(${\pm}0.99$)배 증가하거나, 0.59(${\pm}0.04$)배 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 제안된 평가 방법을 적용한 각 시간대별 평균 해상교통혼잡도는 기존의 평가 방법 결과에 비해 1.43(${\pm}0.10$)배 높게 나타났으며, 각 시간대별 최대 해상교통혼잡도는 1.62(${\pm}0.34$)배 높게 나타났다. 해상교통혼잡도 최대 평가 결과인 피크타임 해상교통혼잡도는 선박의 속력 분포로 인하여 기존의 평가 방법과 다르게 평가됨을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 선박의 속력은 실용교통용량 평가 시 중요 값으로 적용되기 때문에 해상교통량을 평가할 때 선박의 속력을 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.85-87
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• 2004

In the past, TR-cost was collected the combination of energy cost. When power market is restructured. TR-cost is collected the separated form of loss-cost, congestion-cost and maintenance-cost. One of thorn, loss-cost is computed by using TR loss-factor. We need correct and fair standards of loss factor to offer economical signal and to protect against confusions of investment and bidding. Therefore, we propose the method of minimizing system loss-cost that is based on fair and correct loss-factor.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.59-74
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• 1992

The change of industrial structure, the expansion of economic scale, the elevation of national life level and rapid motorization bring about social problems that are traffic accident, traffic congestion, etc. Especially, big traffic accidents bring about the great number of dead and wounded person with damage of property. But there are no study results available mainly focused on the big traffic accident analysis. Accordingly, this study is essentially for the factor analysis of big accident types including laws violation and the assaulting driver's death using Quantification ll method.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2010

Recently, the construction and plan of super-tall building is attention link of new town development or urban core regeneration. Super-tall Buildings have many advantages and a lot of affects in urban contexts. Also, construction of super-tall building is will be able to social problem like urban core's decline, loss of openspace, incompatible urban scape, traffic congestion of urban core. But, compares to super-tall buildings affects in urban contexts, there was not extra ordinary study about super-tall building by the urban scale approaches. Therefore, need about study materplan planning of the site which is made to meet super-tall building and urban contexts. There are two main processes in this study. First, to analyze the factors affect to masterplan planning of the super-tall building's site. Through the analyzed factors, classify type of super-tall buildings and identify the type's state. Second, to classify and set the elements of masterplan planning factor in the site. Identify the masterplan planning factor's state by deployment materplan planning factor set the current applied to the constructed super-tall buildings. Through this process, identified the recent trend and providied the basic elements of materplan planning of super-tall building's site.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2003년도 학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.18-18
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• 2003

In human, sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS) is synonyms for the sudden, unexpected and unexplained death of an infant. The incidence of SIDS has been estimated to be from 1 to 3%. Cloning has a relatively high rate of late abortion and early postnatal death, particularly when somatic cells are used as donors of nuclei and rates as high as 40 to 70% have been reported. However, the mechanisms for SIDS in cloned animals are not known yet. To date, few reports provide detailed information regarding phenotypic abnormality of cloned pigs. In this study, most of the cloned piglets were alive at term and readily recovered respiration. However, approximately 82% of male cloned piglets (81/22) died within a week after birth. Significant findings from histological examinations showed that 42% of somatic cloned male piglets died earlier than somatic cloned female piglets, most probably due to severe congestion of lung and liver or neutrophilic inflammation in brain, which indicates that unexpected phenotypes can appear as a result of somatic cell cloning. No anatomical defects in cloned female piglets were detected, but three of the piglets had died by diarrhea due to bacterial infection within 15 days after birth. Although most of male cloned piglets can be born normal in terms of gross anatomy, they develop phenotypic anomalies that include leydig cell hypoplasia and growth retardation post-delivery under adverse fetal environment and depigmentation of hair- and skin-color form puberty onset. This may provide a mechanism for development of multiple organ system failure in some cloned piglets. Th birth weights of male cloned pig in comparison with those of female cloned piglets are significantly reduced(0.8 vs 1.4kg) and showed longer gestational day(120 vs 114). In conclusion, brain meningitis and hepatopneumonic congestion are a major risk factor for SIDS and such pregnancy in cloned animals requires close and intensive antenatal monitoring.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.116-119
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• 2010

Purpose: Arteriovenous fistulas that involve the cavernous sinus often produce ophthalmologic symptoms and signs. Transvenous endovascular access is the method of choice for a carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. The superior ophthalmic vein is a safe and reasonable alternative route for the transvenous embolization of carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. We report a case of the embolization of a carotid-cavernous sinus fistula using the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Methods: A 58 year old female had conjunctival congestion, periocular pain and diplopia with a 2 month duration. Diagnostic orbital CT, brain MRI and cerebral angiography revealed a carotid-cavernous sinus fistula. The fistula occlusion was treated by coil embolization using the superior ophthalmic vein approach. Results: The initial presenting symptoms, conjunctival congestion, periocular pain and diplopia, decreased after surgery. Coil embolization via the superior ophthalmic vein approach was difficult because of the venous tortuosity and friability. During the follow up period, the patient was in a good condition without complications. Conclusion: Surgical exposure of the superior ophthalmic vein provides direct venous access to the cavernous sinus as well as an effective and safe treatment approach. The cooperation of the plastic surgeon and interventionist is a factor in successful treatment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 긴급 재해 발생 시 피난 지원을 목적으로 하는 긴급피난지원시스템을 구축하기 위하여 실내에서 화재, 테러 등의 재해 발생 시 탈출 경로 탐색 알고리즘을 구현하였다. 긴급 상황이 발생하면 알고리즘은 가장 빨리 탈출할 수 있는 비상구로 탈출 경로를 안내해 준다. 알고리즘은 비상구나 비상구 이외의 지역의 인구 밀도와 연령별 가중치를 적용하여 탈출 경로를 계산한다. 본 시스템은 혼잡한 비상구를 우회하게 함으로써 비상구의 과중한 혼잡과 탈출 경로 상의 혼잡을 감소시키면서 재해 발생 지역을 우회하여 탈출하도록 돕는다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2017

PURPOSES : This study was conducted to analyze the effects arising from extending the duration of nighttime road construction on improving road quality and durability. METHODS : Most previous studies estimating the social cost of various construction conditions did not consider road pavement cooling time as a factor in improving road pavement quality. This study investigated the feasibility of achieving higher road quality and durability by extending the duration of nighttime road construction time extension. For this investigation, the effects of such an extension on traffic conditions were analyzed based on micro-simulation studies and scenario-based cost-benefit analyses, using factors including traffic volume, delay, construction cost, and road pavement cooling time. RESULTS : The results of the traffic simulation studies and cost-benefit analyses indicate that the current road construction method that emphasizes completing nighttime road construction by 6 a.m. reduces pavement life while causing relatively little traffic delay. If the night construction time is instead extended to 2 p.m., road pavement lifetime is increased, reducing road re-construction cost. These savings are greater than the cost of congestion arising from extending the duration of nighttime construction. CONCLUSIONS : The current nighttime construction durations need to be extended in order to efficiently manage roads and reduce road management costs.

• 기술사
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2005

A recent study conducted by KOTI reported that regional and urban read congestion costs in Korea are continually rising in the ranges between 3.1% thru 4.1% of GDP in the every respective year during the past 10 years. The report explicates that the congestion problem has motivated sharp raise of the logistics expenditure from 4.4% of GDP in the year of 1998 to 16% in the year of 2003. Even though, the government has allotted annual budget in the ranges between 2.7% and 3.7% of GDP to the SOC investment for the consecutive years of past decade, the amounts are however far less and insufficient to meet with social requirements and its demands. The cost of logistics has been excessively went up much higher rate than that of other industries and that of 9.6% in Japan and United States respectively It is obvious that the high logistics cost could be a detrimental factor to fierce emulation with others in the global trade market. Therefore it is an essential matter to eliminate or exclude all the probable sources that might cause or create extra costs on logistics. In consideration of such situation in Korea, the SOC investment with private capital could be a best cogitable scheme to acquire its prompt demand solutions and stimulate the emulation ability in the international trade market what's more betterment for all of our quality life in the near future.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제3권
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• pp.163-169
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• 1994

Alcohol is a major risk factor for several diseases and excessive, long-term alcohol consumption are caues physical alteration-fatty liver, hepatitis, cirrhosis, breaking down, Wernicke-karsakoff's syndrome, weight loss, and poor immunity-in virtually all organ and tissue. This study was observed that liver, kidney, and stomach were altered in mouse by the effect of chronic alcohol administration. The mouse were sacrificed to obtain the tissue after mouse were orally injected with 25 % ethanol $18m{\ell}/kg/day$ for 120days. The tissue were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and then observed by light microscope. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The congestion was appeared in liver after 120days alcohol admistration. 2. The destruction of glomerulus were increased and the parietal cell of Bowman's capsule were swelled such as cuboidal cell after 120days alcohol administration. The congestion was appeared in alcohol administrated group. 3. The mucosa and gastric pit were destructed and the ulceration was appeared in stomach after 120days administration. The parietal cells and chief cells were damaged. Above results were shown that the tissue were damaged by chronic alcohol administration.