• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.251-259
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develope a program for statistics education. This program deals with simulation which is helpful in understanding some elementary statistical concepts. This program under multimedia environment which includes sound video animation etc. doesn't show only the result but make it possible for students to execute the program by stages. This type of dynamic learning is efficient to overcome the limits of teaching materials or classroom work. Also it can interest students greatly. By executing it the students can understand the method and meaning of simulation and acquire concepts of probability and statistical inference naturally.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.197-205
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• 2004

A vocabulary for a understanding bridge has a different scope. There are the urban setting, landscape, lightness, from minimum to maximum, continuity, material, erection, motion and dynamic. Aesthetics criteria of footbridge design are movement and grace, space and experiment, symbolism, iconic, sculpture, innovation, spectacle, lighting, gemetry and wonder. New structural concepts of pedestrian bridges are presented on examples of recently built structures. The main characteristics of described structures are appropriateness, humanity, structural efficiency and aesthetics.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2001

Based on the creative education theory, the study of the symmetric coordinated use of both hands is the application of both the quality education ideal and the understanding principles of the creative education to the training of using hands. In the light of relevant concepts of the 'Domain' theory and the expertise of both the Chinese and foreign specialists in this field, this article discusses the relation between the tapping of mental creativity, scientific use of hands and the animation of the right hemisphere of the brain with the aim of constructing a new concept of the symmetric coordinated use of both hands.

• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

Machine learning is where a machine (i.e., computer) determines for itself how input data is processed and predicts outcomes when provided with new data. An artificial neural network is a machine learning algorithm based on the concept of a human neuron. The purpose of this review is to explain the fundamental concepts of artificial neural networks.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.184-195
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• 2005

This paper describes the recent work on advanced technology concepts applied to air cooled heat exchangers for residential air-conditioning. The concepts include vortex generators for the air-side, micro-fin or flat tubes for the refrigerant-side. Advances in understanding of heat transfer mechanisms, predictive models are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-94
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• 1999

This study explored the understanding of health of people from Korea. Data were collected from a total of eighteen focus groups: Koreans (living in Korea), Korean-Australians, Korean-Americans and Australians. The data were analysed using QSR NUD＊IST. The meaning of health varied among people and it was related to differences in age, culture, gender, marital status and perceived health status of individuals. However, there were several themes common to everybody. All groups included aspects of physical, mental, emotional (and spiritual), environmental and social dimensions in their definitions of health. All young single groups placed more emphasis on physical and lifestyle factors whereas mental and emotional aspects and social responsibility were more associated with health among older married groups. Young women in all cultures felt social pressure to 'look good' and the media was perceived as responsible. Men in general associated health with societal roles and social competition. Health was strongly associated with the economy and economic stability for all Korean groups reflecting the recent adverse economic situation in Korea. This information will be of value to health professionals to provide more effective health services and health promotion programs for clients of Korean ethnicity living in multicultural societies like Australia and America.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to investigate the misconceptions and the understanding of students on diffusion and osmosis, and to examine the shifts in concept development that result from maturation and additional instruction. In addition, the textbooks were assessed for the sources of the misconceptions. The subjects of this study were 195 students in middle school, 191 students in high school and 195 students in university in Seoul. And the multiple-choice test developed by Odom and Barrow(1995) was used. The results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA in the statistical packages SAS. The major findings of this study are as follows. 1. The mean score of the understanding on the concepts of diffusion and osmosis of junior high school students was 31, that of high school students was 51 and that of university students was 67. In this study, the higher grade students got the higher scores, and it showed significant difference(p<0.01). 2. The mean score of girls was higher than that of boys in all grades. And the difference of the score according to gender showed great difference in high school(p<0.01). 3. An analysis of the patterns of misconceptions about diffusion and osmosis indicated that certain misconceptions prevail across grade levels. 4. An analysis of the contents of textbooks indicated that textbooks may be the source of students' misconceptions about diffusion and osmosis.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.415-429
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• 2011

In the elementary science classroom, inquiry-based learning activities are often limited to students' hands-on experiences. As a result, students often overlook core concepts they are supposed to acquire from the inquiry activities and show difficulties in applying those concepts in a real life context. To make a connection between the hands-on activities and the concept leaning, a small-group discussion can be considered. In this study, we designed a team-based learning (TBL) model for the elementary science classroom. We developed teaching and learning materials for the "Comfortable Environments" unit in the 6th grade curriculum based on the TBL model. After appling the model with 32 6th grade students, we compared the TBL participants' level of concept understanding and attitudes toward science before and after the intervention, and also compared them with their counterpart control group who participated in a traditional classroom. The results showed that the level of concept understanding of the TBL participants were higher than that of the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference found in attitudes toward science between the TBL participants and the control group. In addition, the interviews with the TBL participants showed that they positively perceived the TBL experiences.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.329-339
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• 2021

It has been recognised for over a century that the events of gastrulation are fundamental in determining, not only the development of the neuraxis but the organisation of the entire primitive embryo. Until recently our understanding of gastrulation was based on detailed histological analysis in animal models and relatively rare human tissue preparations from aborted fetuses. Such studies resulted in a model of gastrulation that neurosurgeons have subsequently used as a means of trying to explain some of the congenital anomalies of caudal spinal cord and vertebral development that present in paediatric neurosurgical practice. Recent advances in developmental biology, in particular cellular biology and molecular genetics have offered new insights into very early development. Understanding the processes that underlie cellular interactions, gene expression and activation/inhibition of signalling pathways has changed the way embryologists view gastrulation and this has led to a shift in emphasis from the 'descriptive and morphological' to the 'mechanistic and functional'. Unfortunately, thus far it has proved difficult to translate this improved knowledge of normal development, typically derived from non-human models, into an understanding of the mechanisms underlying human malformations such as the spinal dysraphisms and anomalies of caudal development. A paediatric neurosurgeons perspective of current concepts in gastrulation is presented along with a critical review of the current hypotheses of human malformations that have been attributed to disorders of this stage of embryogenesis.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to induce interest in the future society that could change with the advance of the 4th Industrial Revolution. It also intends to identify the direction of university education by investigating the perception of university students majoring in dental laboratory technology about the latest technology used in this era. Methods: The study recruited 240 college students majoring in dental laboratory technology at K and D universities in Gangwon-do and Daejeon, respectively. Online and face-to-face surveys were conducted from March 20, 2022 to April 10, 2022. Results: Although their interest in the use of emerging technologies during the 4th Industrial Revolution was above average 3.85, the dental laboratory technology students exhibited relatively high levels of anxiety 3.19 and reluctance 2.96. Second, their interest in emerging technologies demonstrated positive correlations with major satisfaction and understanding of concepts and readiness, whereas reluctance and anxiety pointed to negative correlations with understanding of the concepts of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Conclusion: Formulating guidelines is necessary to help students increase their understanding of the 4th Industrial Revolution and prepare them appropriately by setting an educational direction that can flexibly respond to the rapidly changing industrial environment.