• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.759-767
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• 1996

This study was done to provide an understanding of nursing in relation to the existential philosophy of the West and Buddhistic philosophy, It examined how human beings and death are interpreted and understood in existential philosophy as well as in Buddhistic philosophy. Then the study suggested that nursing should focus on helping the sufferer to find meaning and a sense of responsibility in his or her existence. When people have the opportunity to realize certain important but painful truths about their existence, they develop internal strength and control of their lives. Just as people learn to face their being, so can they come to terms with their non-being. According to the causal process in Buddhism, Human Being is not always annihilation of self. Therefore, birth, aging, disease and death go through the process of natural change and it is the appearance of human existence which is inherent in the health of every human being. To promote our health we must gain an insight about this phenomenon. This study viewed nurses' clients as 〈good friend〉 rather than 〈patient〉 which focuses on a disease-oriented concept. The concept of 〈good friend〉 views nurses' clients as active participants to create their life and as responsible persons in a constantly changing life. The study also examined the concept of recovery which means to come back to the previous healthy state and it suggested that the concept of recovery should be changed to 〈good change〉, because in existential philosophy, human beings are viewed as never going back to the past but moving on to the future by creating their existence. This study also suggested that nursing should help 〈good friend〉enlighten their existence to be free from pain and death and to get control over their existence.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.277-291
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• 2009

This study is intended to develop plant inquiry instruction using Rapid-cycling Brassica rapa (RcBr) whose life cycle is relatively short, and to apply it to the elementary science instruction of the 4th grader and examine their plant concept, science inquiry skills and science-related attitudes. The materials were consisted of laboratory manuals for the students as well as teachers' guide. By observing the life cycle of RcBr, students can experience the conceptual learning of the plant's life cycle. In addition, this study investigated the cause of change in science inquiry skills and science-related attitudes by interviewing 12 students. It has shown that plant inquiry instruction using RcBr has meaningful effects on students' understanding of the plant concept, improving students' science inquiry skills, and changing students' science-related attitudes. Students who showed improvement in science inquiry skills were able to answer questions regarding science knowledge correctly. And students whose science related attitudes were improved had a positive attitude on cultivating RcBr. Students told that RcBr was an interesting and good material to inquire plant. Because of its small size and its relatively short life cycle of RcBR, it should be a desirable plant material for the inquiry instruction which can give rise to useful and meaningful results for the elementary school students.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.17-22
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• 2009

This research was conducted to investigate methods to strengthen the apartment community from the territoriality point of view. In order to achieve this goal, first of all the concept and the structure of territoriality are studied through articles and literature reviews to ensure a full understanding of the community strengthening-related plan elements suggested in the previous research. The study is then divided into the categories of semi-private territory and semi-public territory to pursue analysis based on the issues related to strengthening community such as possession, proximity, defense, boundary-regulation, and personalization in case by case studies. The results of case studies are as follows: in the case of possession with psychological concept of possession, the extension of private space and exclusive space are suggested. And for the concept of proximity, that is, the physical and psychological distance for sense of the same nature, increased opportunity of meeting the residents in the same building or same area are suggested And for the psychological proximity, familiar design and facilities for meeting and exchange-related methods are shown. For the case of indirect defense in defense concept, the methods related to monitoring and supervising facilities for protection are found. For the boundary-regulations, it is based on the concepts of physical and psychological borderlines; walls either vertical or horizontal, or such obstacle-related methods are suggested for the physical borderline, and space structure and symbols-related methods are found for psychological borderline. Finally, for the case of personalization which is related to the expression of identity, design-related methods are suggested.

• 인지과학
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2003

이 연구에서는 기존의 지능형 교수기계와 또래 튜터링의 단점을 보완하여 '가르치기를 통한 학습'을 위한 교수가능 에이전트(Teachable Agent, 이하 TA) 의 이론적 배경 및 설계방안을 제시하고자 한다. TA는 학습자가 컴퓨터 에이전트를 가르치는 과정을 통해 학습하는 시스템으로 교수 Module, 묻고 답하기 Module, 테스트 Module, 학습자료 Module 등의 4 가지 Module로 구성된다. 교수 Module에서는 개념도(concept map)의 구성을 통해 튜터 역할을 하는 학습자가 TA 의 심성모형 (mental model)을 수정하고 update하게 되며, 묻고 답하기 Module에서는 인터렉티브 창을 통해 튜터와 TA가 제한된 방식으로 학습내용에 관한 질문과 응답을 함으로써 개념도를 수정보완하게 된다. 테스트 Module에서는 튜터가 가르친 TA가 미리 정해놓은 학습목표에 도달하였는지를 평가하게 된다. 테스트 결과 TA가 일정 수준에 도달하지 못한 경우에는 개념도의 재수정 과정을 통해 계속적인 학습이 이루어지도록 한다. 학습자료 Module은 튜터가 참고할 자료를 제공해 주는 Module이다. 이러한 TA는 튜터의 역할을 담당하는 학습자에게 깊이 있는 인지적 처리와 능동적인 학습동기를 경험하도록 함으로써 실제 교육현장에서의 유용한 교수/학습도구로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.167-175
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• 2013

This study aims to suggest a direction for interior space design for fashion flagship stores in the future where the brand identity can become correctly recognized by the consumers, and consumers can have various and differentiated experiences. As research method, theoretical concept review and case study on brand communication and VMD were used. Specifically, for review on brand communication, concept, strategies, and space types were explored, and, for review on VMD, concept, purpose, and expressive elements were researched. Also, the study looked at the relevance between and importance of strategy types of brand communication and VMD. Through these reviews, strategy types of brand communication and analysis criteria for VMD application were written based on the research and analysis of 8 cases in Korean and elsewhere. The results of this study is as follows: Based on marketing-oriented thinking with understanding of VMD, the plan must accurately understand the image and identity pursued by the brand, take into account the store layout, atmosphere, product concept, trend, and display, so that the store can communicate with the customers with cognitive consistency, diversity of senses, and differentiation from other companies. Currently, fashion flagship stores in Korea are concentrated on sales in expressing VMD, and, therefore, are difficult to deliver brand identity to consumers and they require diversity in expressive elements in doing so. Therefore, in the interior space design of fashion flagship stores in Korea, brand communication must enhance cognitive, behavioral, relationship, and culture marketing, and, requires confirming VMD expression in details by linking with brand communication and specific expressions based on it.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.95-108
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• 2017

Objectives : The concept of hidden Yin in summer by Zhu Danxi deals with the relationship between summer heat disease and hidden yin inside of human body. This paper attempts to ponder upon the clinical issues around which the discussions regarding the topic unfolded, and upon the texts on which the doctors of the discussions based their opinions. Methods : First, Danxi's argument as discussed in $G{\acute{e}}zh{\grave{i}}y{\acute{u}}l{\grave{u}}n$ is analyzed to find out his understandings of clinical issues and his textual sources on which he based his new perspective. Moreover, the prescriptions that Danxi thought was problematic and the concept of hidden yin as it existed before the time of Danxi are reviewed, and these findings are used understand Zhangjingyue's ground of criticism against Danxi. Lastly, this paper contemplates how these opposing opinions may be helpful to the general principles of medical theories. Results & Conclusions : There was a trend before the time of Danxi of abusing drugs as prescription based on warm-heat, understanding that a human body has yin-cold during summer. However, Danxi brought forth a new concept of yin deficiency in order to correct people's misunderstanding. Despite his effort, Zhangjingyue and other doctors contemporary to Danxi emphasized on one hand that human body is placed on a state of external heat inside the cold, and on the another, criticized Danxi of failing to fully understand the principle of "Abandon the time and follow the symptoms", a principle which asserts that the cold and warm of medicine should be decided by the symptom itself and not by the season. The value of these contradicting assertions seems to hold true even to this day because it helps us understand that the principles of "Counting Season as a Treatment Factor" and "Abandon the time and follow the symptoms" could be applied with balance in conjunction with each other.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.103-133
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• 2020

Objectives : To determine the level of medicine in the Earlier Han period through 『Liushi Bing Fang』. Methods : Original texts were collected from previously published studies on 『Liushi Bing Fang』 and books to reconstruct the text of 『Liushi Bing Fang』. Results & Conclusions : 151 tablets out of the entire 213, a total of 4,084 characters out of the entire 9,000 were collected. This amounts to about 45% of the entire 『Liushi Bing Fang』. Based on this finding, we could summarize the following. First, the concept of Qi is used in the context of illness, indicating the usage of Qi as a medical concept to be much earlier than previously known, as it appears in a herbal treatment text. Second, on Blood, similarly to 『Wushier Bing Fang』 and 『Wuwei Handai Yijian』, it refers to the physical blood as well as name of disease. Moreover, the concept of stagnated blood is mentioned as 'neiyu(內瘀)' in 『Liushi Bing Fang』, meaning that the doctors of the time held this concept and also had the medicinal knowledge to treat this condition. Third, within 『Liushi Bing Fang』, there are contents on the body parts each medicinal mainly treats. This indicates to the understanding that not only were they at the level to connect each medicinals to its mainly applicable disease, but they were able to connect the herbal medicinals to the inner constructions of the body. Based on these findings, the first text to provide the base to the attributive channel theory of herbal medicinals, where each medicinal's properties and effects are connected to the Zangfu and body parts, needs to be newly acknowledged as 『Liushi Bing Fang』 instead of 『Shennongbencaojing』 as previously known.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.23-43
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• 2005

Industrial clusters are geographical concentrations of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions (for example, universities, standard agencies, and trade associations) that combine to create new products and/or services in specific lines of business. At present, the concept of industrial cluster becomes very popular worldwide, policy makers at national, regional and local levels and business people in both forerunner and latecomer countries are keen to implement the cluster concept as an economic development model. Though understanding of clusters and related promoting policies varies from one place to another, the underlying benefits of clusters from collective learning and knowledge spillovers between participating actors strongly attract the attention of these people. In Thailand, a latecomer country in terms of technological catching up, the cluster concept has been used as a means to rectify weakness and fragmentation of its innovation systems. The present Thai government aspires to apply the concept to promote both high-tech manufacturing clusters, services clusters and community-based clusters at the grass-root level. This paper analyses three very different clusters in terms of technological sophistication and business objectives, i.e., hard disk drive, software and chili paste. It portrays their significant actors, the extent of interaction among them and the evolution of the clusters. Though are very dissimilar, common characteristics attributed to qualified success are found. Main driving forces of the three clusters are cluster intermediaries. Forms of these organizations are different from a government research and technology organization (RTO), an industrial association, to a self-organised community-based organization. However, they perform similar functions of stimulating information and knowledge sharing, and building trust among participating firms/individuals in the clusters. Literature in the cluster studies argues that government policies need to be cluster specific. In this case, the best way to design and implement cluster-specific policies is through working closely with intermediaries and strengthening their institutional especially in linking member firms/individuals to other actors in clusters such as universities, government R&D institutes, and financial institutions.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.846-855
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• 1998

The purpose of the study was to investigate the level of health behavior of school-age children and to identify the predicting variables of the school-age children's health behavior. The subject were 467 children in grades four to six, enrolled in two elementary schools located in two cities. The mean age of the subject was 10.03(SD=1.33). The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. The result are as follows : 1. The mean of the score of health behavior of the school-age children was 154.6, showing that they are practicing health behavior relatively well. 2. There were significant differences in the mean scores of health behavior according to grade (F=6.53 p=.001), sex(t=-3.70, p=.000), educational level of the parents(F=4.92, p=.002 ; F=4.47, p=.004), occupation of the parents(F=3.31, p=.003 ; F=4.76, p=.000), and socioeconomic status(F=11.87, p=.000). 3. There were significant correlations between health behavior and health motivation(r=.53, p=.000), self-concept(r=.32, p=.000), perceived health status(r=.16, p=.000), and health locus of control (r=.15, p=.001). 4. Health motivation, self-concept, grade, socioeconomic status, and health locus of control were identified as predictor variables of health behavior of the school-age children from the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The total percent of variance accounted for by these five variables was 35.0%. From the result, it is suggested that in the development of a school health education program, the effect of health motivation and self-concept to promote student's health behavior in school-age children should be considered.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.647-654
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• 2000

본 연구는 중학교 교과서의 대기압 단원을 학습하였을 때 학생들의 개념유형이 어떻게 변하는지 조사하고, 대체개념을 개선해나갈 수 있는 실험방법을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. 중학교 2학년을 대상으로 ‘대기압’ 에 관한 사전 개념을 질문지와 면담을 통하여 조사하고 두 집단으로 나누어 6차 교육과정의 중학교 2학년 과학교과서 중 8종의 교과서에 나오는 대기압에 관한 실험을 모두 한 집단과 교과서 외의 제안실험을 한 집단으로 구분하여 2주 동안 실시하였다. 두 집단간의 수업방식은 차별화하지 않았고 실험소재만 다르게 하였으며, 기압단원 학습 일주일 후 동일한 질문지를 사용하여 개념변화를 알아보았다. 결론적으로 학생들의 기압에 대한 대체개념이 학습 후에도 쉽게 변화되지 않았지만, 제안실험을 한 집단이 기압에 대한 개념형성이 효과적으로 나타난 점으로 보아 대체개념을 개선시킬 수 있는 다양한 학습방법과 과학적 개념획득을 위한 실험손재가 지속적으로 연구되어져야 할 필요성이 있다.