• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.345-355
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• 2013

While virtual field trips (VFT) are considered as an attractive alternative to traditional field experience, it is unclear how VFT are best used in Earth Science curriculum. In this study, we investigated the effects of flash panorama-based VFT on students' spatial visualization ability and their understanding of volcanic concept in high school Earth Science class. To investigate the effects of instructional treatment, we conducted pre and post-test on participants' spatial visualization ability and their understanding of volcanic concept, and analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and linear regression. Findings are as follows: First, the change in students' spatial visualization ability in experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group, especially in spatial manipulation category. Second, the change in students' understanding of volcanic concept in experimental group was higher than that of control group in most of the categories, but it is statistically not significant. Last, the change in correlation between spatial visualization ability and understanding of volcanic concept in experimental group was remarkably high compared to control group.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.213-222
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• 1995

Analyzing textbook is the first step for enhancing the level of biology education especially in Korea. Prior studies of textbook analysis have mostly dealt with such topics as terminology analysis, content analysis, relationship analysis of chapters, and comparative studies. However, not much attention was paid to concept system to be learned and to relevance of concepts chosen. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the concept system and to elucidate the relationship among concepts for effective learning. Novak's concept map was utilized as a theoretical framework for the analysis of chapter I of high school biology textbook. Concept map has several distinctive merits in many aspects such as teaching, learning, and evaluation. It not only makes the understanding of key concepts and proposition a lot easier, but also helps to link prior knowledge and new concepts more effectively. This study will be a basic material for improving textbook for effective biology learning. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. Concepts in subchapters were arranged unsystematically or they were overlapping. For more effective understanding, those items should be rearranged. 2. Key concepts are not arrayed properly according to their hierarchy. Therefore, it was hard for students to set up concept structure. 3. The concepts emphasized by bold letters were not selected properly in accordance with their importance. Appropriate concepts should be chosen. 4. Key concepts should be explained by using examples in everyday life for easy understanding. 5. Many concepts in molecular biology is too abstract to grasp their meaning. Therefore, many audio-visual materials should be used to aid concept building.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-31
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• 2007

Negative numbers have been one of the most difficult mathematical concepts, and it was only 200 years ago that they were recognized as a real object of mathematics by mathematicians. It was because it took more than 1500 years for human beings to overcome the quantitative notion of numbers and recognize the formality in negative numbers. Understanding negative numbers as formal ones resulted from the Copernican conversion in mathematical way of thinking. we first investigated the historic and the genetic process of the concept of negative numbers. Second, we analyzed the conceptual fields of negative numbers in the aspect of the additive and multiplicative structure. Third, we inquired into the levels of thinking on the concept of negative numbers on the basis of the historical and the psychological analysis in order to understand the formal concept of negative numbers. Fourth, we analyzed Korean mathematics textbooks on the basis of the thinking levels of the concept of negative numbers. Fifth, we investigated and analysed the levels of students' understanding of the concept of negative numbers. Sixth, we analyzed the symbolizing process in the development of mathematical concept. Futhermore, we tried to show a concrete way to teach the formality of the negative numbers concepts on the basis of such theoretical analyses.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.97-118
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• 2011

This study aimed finding effective models for the teaching the concept of function. We selected two models. One is discrete model which focuses on the 'corresponding relation of the elements of the sets(domain and range). The other is continuous model which focuses on the dependent relationship of the two variables connected in variable phenomenon. A vending machine model was used as a discrete model, and a water bucket model was used as a continuous model in our study. We taught 2 times about the concept of function using two models to the 60 students (7th grade, 2 classes) living in Taebak city, and tested it twice, after class and about 3 months later. A vending machine model was helpful in understanding the definition of function in the 7th grade math textbook. Also, it was helpful to making concept image and to recalling it. On the other hand, students who used the water bucket model had a difficultly in understanding the all independent variables of the domain corresponding to the dependent variables. But they excelled in tasks making formula expression and understanding changing situations.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.607-619
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of concept understanding on the stratum for elementary school students. For this objective, questions on the stratum concept were developed, and concept survey was conducted for random sampling of $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ grade 536 students. As a result, students chosen correct answers of the average 57.4% for 16 questions. Below the average rate of correct answers in each domain were 1 question in the definition of the stratum, 3 questions in formation of the stratum, and 4 questions in features of the stratum. Especially, the percentage of correct answers were appeared in lowly that the difference between the visible side and non visible side on the stratum, the definition and formation process of a fault and the main cause of the stratum's exposure. Also, between the residence, grade, and gender of students, there were significant differences in 2 questions, 7 questions, and 1 questions, respectively. Therefore, many elementary school students do not have high understanding about the stratum concept. Through the results of this study, it can be contributed to find an efficient ways as a basic data for modify misconceptions of the stratum to the scientific concept.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of political competence for nurses. Methods: A hybrid model method was used to investigate the dimensions, attributes, and definitions of the concept. In the theoretical stage of the study, literature on nursing, politics, and other discipline were reviewed. In the fieldwork stage, individual in-depth interviews and focus groups interviews were conducted with politically seasoned experts or activists who had an understanding of the concept of political competence for extensive descriptions in nursing and field of health care. Results: The concept of political competence was represented in four dimensions as political knowledge, political efficacy, political interaction, and political activity. In the political knowledge dimension, there were three attributes, namely, political knowledge, political information and systematic analysis ability. The political efficacy dimension had three attributes of internal political efficacy, external political efficacy, and self-pride of nursing profession. The political interaction dimension had three attributes of organizations and community service, networking, and persuasive power. The political activity dimension had six attributes of political leadership, political expression, assertive behavior, political advocacy, political participation, and policy intervention. Conclusion: This concept development might provide a basic understanding of developing a measurement tool and for constructing a theory promoting nurses' political competence.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.287-313
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• 2005

The decimal fraction concept plays an important role in understanding the real number which is one of the major concepts in school mathematics. In the school mathematics of Korea, the decimal fraction is treated merely as a sort of name of the common fraction, while many other important aspects of the decimal fraction concept are ignored. In consequence students fail to understand the decimal fraction concept properly, and merely consider it as a kind of number for formal computation. Preceding studies also identified students' narrow understanding of the decimal fraction concept. But none of them succeeded in clarifying the essences of the decimal fraction concept, which are crucial for discussing the didactical problems of it. In this study we attempted a didactical analysis of the decimal fraction concept and disclosed the roots of didactical problems and presented measures for its improvement. First, we attempted a phenomenological analysis of the decimal fraction concept and extracted 9 elements of the decimal fraction concept. Second, we has analyzed of the essence of the decimal fraction concept more clearly by relating it to the situations where it functions and its representations. For this we tried to construct the conceptual field of the decimal fraction. Third, we categorized he developmental levels of the decimal fraction concept from the aspect of external manifestation of the internal order. On the basis of these results, we attempted hierarchical structuring of the elements of the decimal fraction concept. And using the results of such a didactical analysis on the decimal number concept we analyzed the mathematics curriculum and textbooks of our country, investigated levels of students' understanding of the decimal fraction concept, and disclosed related problems. Finally we suggested directions and measures for the improvement of teaching decimal fraction concept.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.415-427
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• 2012

In this study, we conducted preliminary survey, diagnostic test and in-depth interview in order to study Korean pre-service chemistry teachers' understanding on entropy and investigate how Korean pre-service chemistry teachers deal with the natural phenomenon which is related to entropy conceptions. Firstly, as a result of the preliminary survey, it was found that pre-service chemistry teachers strongly recognized entropy as the degree of disorder. Secondly, the diagnostic test showed pre-service chemistry teachers were mostly confused about whether the entropy of the universe increases during a spontaneous change, and they had a tendency to interpret the natural phenomenon related to entropy change as the change of disorder. Finally, during in-depth interview, after we explained entropy change in all diagnostic test questions with the concept of microstate, pre-service chemistry teachers revealed a better understanding about entropy. Through this research, pre-service chemistry teachers had an opportunity to reflect on their deficiencies of entropy conceptions, which will ultimately help students to approach the concept of entropy more correctly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.235-240
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a framework for ontological knowledge-based image understanding systems. Ontology composed of concepts can be used as a guide for describing objects from a specific domain of interest and describing relations between objects from different domains The proposed framework consists of four main subparts ⅰ) ontological knowledge bases, ⅱ) primitive feature detectors, ⅲ) concept inference engine, and ⅳ) semantic inference engine. Using ontological knowledge bases on various domains and features extracted from the detectors, concept inference engine infers concepts on regions of interest in an image and semantic inference engine reasons semantic situations between concepts from different domains. We present a outline for ontological knowledge-based image understanding systems and application examples within specific domains such as text recognition and human recognition in order to show the validity of the proposed system.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The discussion about environmental education is a little new concept which emerged remarkably in late 1960s. The environmental education means the educational curriculum which make sure value understanding and conception to develop function and attitudes necessary for the proper understanding and evaluating the interaction between human beings and physical environment Centenng an important geographical paraingm for 'the interaction between human beings and physical environment', to make the students understand the concept of environment and know environmental problems are the tasks to be pursued in environmental education courses in the middle school geography classes. The reasonable understanding of environmental problems and voluntary participation through the efficient environmental education in middle school geography classes, not only the systemization of educational curriculum and other needed changes mentioned above, but also the development of policy and institution in national government accompanying with earnest attention and effort must be made in environmental education and other environment-related fields.