• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2003

Abstract: In order to improve the system for biological nitrogen oxidizing process in sewage and wastewater, a bacterium having high abilities to oxidize of nitrogen was isolated from wastewater and polluted soils. The strain was identified to Bacillus sp. CH-N, based on the physiological and biochemical properties. Characteristics and oxidizing ability of both ammonia and nitrite were examined for the strain, Bacillus sp. CH-N. The strain showed the oxidizing rate about 80% to 90% on the sewage and wastewater after 48 h culture. The nitrogen oxidizing rate was increased in proportion to the initial concentration of glucose. The microorganism, Bacillus sp. CH-N cell immobilized on ceramic carrier were evaluated for the oxidation of ammonia in culture media.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this work was to investigate the several functional characteristics of Lactobacillus sakei JK-17 isolated from long-term fermented kimchi, Muk Eun Ji. Initially, phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing was performed to identify the isolate JK-17, and the strain could be assigned to Lactobacillus sakei and designated as L. sakei JK-17. The strain was registered in GenBank as [JX841311]. The changes of bacterial growth and residual organic acids were monitored and HPLC was used to measure quantitatively two organic acids, lactic acid and acetic acid, produced in the culture during 84 hours of incubation. During the incubation period, several functional characteristics of L. sakei JK-17 were examined. L. sakei JK-17 culture depleted nitrite concentration 94.75%. Antioxidant activity of cultural supernatants of L. sakei JK-17 was approx. 53.8%, and ${\beta}$-galactosidase activities were 0.243 units/mL at pH 7.0 and 0.387 units/mL at pH 4.1, respectively. The antibacterial activities against food-poisoning causing bacteria were examined with 20-fold concentrated culture supernatants from L. sakei JK-17 and the antibacterial effects were clearly observed against all bacteria tested in this work.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.481-487
• /
• 2014

Ischemic postconditioning (IPost) could decrease ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. It has not yet reported whether IPost is useful when ischemic heart disease is accompanied with co-morbidities like hyperthyroidism. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of IPost on myocardial IR injury in hyperthyroid male rats. Hyperthyroidism was induced with administration of thyroxine in drinking water (12 mg/L) over a period of 21 days. After thoracotomy, the hearts of control and hyperthyroid rats were perfused in the Langendorff apparatus and subjected to 30 minutes global ischemia, followed by 120 minutes reperfusion; IPost, intermittent early reperfusion, was induced instantly following ischemia. In control rats, IPost significantly improved the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and ${\pm}dp/dt$ during reperfusion (p<0.05); however it had no effect in hyperthyroid rats. In addition, hyperthyroidism significantly increased basal $NO_x$ (nitrate+nitrite) content in serum ($125.5{\pm}5.4{\mu}mol/L$ vs. $102.8{\pm}3.7{\mu}mol/L$; p<0.05) and heart ($34.9{\pm}4.1{\mu}mol/L$ vs. $19.9{\pm}1.94{\mu}mol/L$; p<0.05). In hyperthyroid groups, heart $NO_x$ concentration significantly increased after IR and IPost, whereas in the control groups, heart $NO_x$ were significantly higher after IR and lower after IPost (p<0.05). IPost reduced infarct size (p<0.05) only in control groups. In hyperthyroid group subjected to IPost, aminoguanidine, an inducible nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor, significantly reduced both the infarct size and heart $NO_x$ concentrations. In conclusion, unlike normal rats, IPost cycles following reperfusion does not provide cardioprotection against IR injury in hyperthyroid rats; an effect that may be due to NO overproduction because it is restored by iNOS inhibition.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.355-365
• /
• 2000

In order to study the relationship between water quality and phytoplankton standing crops, the authors investigated the physicochemical factors, phytoplankton standing crops and chlorophyll-a at two stations in the Daechung Reservoir during the period from May to November 1998. Nutrients (nitrite, nitrate, ammonia and phosphate) have gradually increased more than those of the previous reports. Concentrations of the total nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll -a and transparency exceeded the standard value of eutrophication. It could be assumed that the eutrophication of the Daechung reservoir was caused by various pollutants. Chlorophyll-a concentration was under the influence of phytoplankton standing crops, but very tiny cell-sized blue-green algae were less important in regards to the chlorophyll-a. Except at station 1 from July to August, phytoplankton standing crops bloomed during the time of the survey. Spring phytoplankton blooms caused by nitrate and phosphate in the surface layer. High concentrations of the suspended solids in July and August were caused by an inflow of them due to heavy rains. Density of heterotrophic bacteria was high in August owing to the high water temperatures and the organic nutrients which were from the nearby reservoir.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to improve the system for biological nitrogen oxidizing process in sewage and wastewater. A bacterium having high abilities to oxidize of nitrogen was one of the possessed on Lab. The strain was identified to Bacillus sp. A8-8, based on the physiological and biochemical properties. And the strain has ability degradation crude oil. In comparison with oxidizing rates with changing initial pH and temperature, the strain Bacillus sp. A8-8 was nitrogen oxidizing ability and growth rate on the various of pH, temperature. oxidizing rates of the strain in sewage and wastewater were about 48% and 62%, respectively. The nitrogen oxidizing rate was increased in proportion to the initial concentration of glucose. The microorganism, Bacillus sp. A8-8, immobilized in ceramic carrier were evaluated for the oxidation of ammonia in culture media.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.8
• /
• pp.1122-1129
• /
• 2016

In this study, bioactive constituents and biological activities of aronia, blackcurrant, and maquiberry were investigated. The 60% ethanol extracts were prepared and evaluated for total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and total anthocyanin contents. Biological activities, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, and nitrite scavenging activity were also examined. Maquiberry showed the highest bioactive constituents as shown based on total polyphenol (73.66 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid (28.08 mg/g), and total anthocyanin (12.82 mg/g) contents compared to aronia and blackcurrant. Maquiberry also exhibited the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, FRAP, and reducing power at a concentration of 5 mg/mL, which were superior to those of ascorbic acid (a positive control). Therefore, maquiberry could be used as a potential source of antioxidants and functional food substances.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.290-297
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted to determine the cell cytotoxicity, astringency, nitrite oxide scavenging, iNOS protein expression level, pro-inflammatory cytokine, elastase inhibition, and type I pro-collagen synthesis as a functional cosmetics material of Salvia miltiorrhiza root. We prepared the 80% ethanol(SE) and hot-distilled water(SW), respectively. Both SE and SW showed no toxicity from 0.05 to 0.5 mg/mL concentration as a result of MTT assay in NHDF or RAW264.7 cells. In the measurement of astringent effect, SE reveled 74.6% of astringent activity in 10 mg/mL. SE showed that LPS-induced nitric oxide production, iNOS protein expression, and cytokines were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, two extracts significantly inhibited elastase activity and increased the type I pro-collagen production. Therefore, it is expected that Salvia miltiorrhiza extract is used as a natural material for functional cosmetics that can effectively prevent skin-related inflammation and wrinkles, and aging.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.187-197
• /
• 1993

Studies related to water quality in catfish ponds were conducted on commercial catfish production ponds and compared with its receiving streams' water quality in central and west-central Alabama. The ponds were stocked with 10,000 fish/ha. The ponds were aerated nightly (0000-0600 hrs). Fish were fed to satiation at about the same time, six-days a week. In order to assess the pollutional strength of effluents from commercial channel catfish ponds, water samples were collected during each calender season from fall 1990 through summer 1991, and selected water quality variables were monitored. Mean values for water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, settleable solids, total suspended soilds, volatile solids, total phosphorus, soluble reactive phosphate, biochemical oxygen demand, total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen were basically the same (P> 0.05) between samples taken from the surface and near the bottom. Concentrations of most water quality variables of catfish ponds were higher than those of receiving streams, and especially it had much higher average concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus than streams.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2012

This study investigated the TNT decomposition by the treatment of alkaline hydrolysis. To obtain this objecitive, spectrum shift characteristics, pH effect, kinetics, and product analysis were examined during the alkaline hydrolysis by means of hydroxide ions. At pH = 12, an aqueous solution of TNT was changed into yellow-brown coloring, in which its absorbances were newly increased in a range of wavelength 400-600 nm. From the kinetic data, pseudo-first-order rate constant in a excess of hydroxide ion, in contrast to TNT concentration, was $0.0022min^{-1}$, which means that the reaction rate between TNT and hydroxide ion can be very slow, and that 1,047 min is necessary to achieve a 90% reduction of the initial TNT. In products analyses, nitrite ions and formic acid were mainly produced by the alkaline hydrolysis, nitrate ions and oxalic acid as minor products were generated.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.62 no.3
• /
• pp.281-286
• /
• 2019

A black tea (Camellia sinensis L.) residue extract (BTRE) was prepared by 30% ethanol extraction to evaluate its in vitro antioxidant activity. The yield and polyphenol content of BTRE were $22.4{\pm}1.18%$ and $23.2{\pm}1.02{\mu}g$ gallic acid equivalents/mg-extract, respectively. Antioxidant activity of BTRE proportionally increased as BTRE concentration increased. $IC_{50}$ values of BTRE for cation radical, free radical and nitrite scavenging were 141.8, 108.1, and $397.2{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Also $IC_{50}$ value of BTRE for ferric reducing anti-oxidant power was $97.8{\mu}g/mL$. BTRE effectively inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation. These results imply that BTRE possessed potent antioxidant activity, thus being utilized as a physiologically active material.