• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-56
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• 2002

The office is an excellent candidate for implementing daylighting techniques because of the relatively high electric lighting power densities and long daytime use pattern. The quantity of light available for a space can be translated in term of the amount of energy savings through a process of a building energy simulation. To get significant energy savings in general illumination, the electric lighting system must be incorporated with a daylight - activated dimmer control. A prototype configuration of an office interior has been established and the integration between the building envelope and lighting and HVAC systems is evaluated based on computer modeling of a lighting control facility. First of all, an energy-efficient luminaire system is designed for both a totally open-plan office interior and a partitioned office. A lighting design and analysis program, Lumen-Micro 2000 predicts the optimal layout of a conventional fluorescent lighting fixture to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded amount of electric lighting energy. A dimming control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. Annual cooling load due to lighting and the projecting saving amount of cooling load due to daylighting under overcast diffuse sky are evaluated by a computer software, ENER-Win. In brief, the results from building energy simulation with measured daylight illumination levels and the performance of lighting control system indicate that daylighting can save over 70 percent of the required energy for general illumination in the perimeter zones through the year. A 25 % of electric energy for cooling may be saved by dimming and turning off the luminaires in the perimeter zones.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.11-24
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose an artificial neural network framework that can represent the foam effects expressed in liquid simulation in detail without noise. The position and advection of foam particles are calculated using the existing screen projection method, and the noise problem that appears in this process is solved through an proposed artificial neural network. The important thing in the screen projection approach is the projection map, but noise occurs in the projection map in the process of projecting momentum into the discretized screen space, and we efficiently solve this problem by using an artificial neural network-based denoising network. When the foam generating area is selected through the projection map, 2D is inversely transformed into 3D space to generate foam particles. We solve the existing denoising network problem in which small-scaled foam particles disappear. In addition, by integrating the proposed algorithm with the screen-space projection framework, all the advantages of this approach can be accommodated. As a result, it shows through various experiments whether it is possible to stably represent not only the clean foam effects but also the foam particles lost due to the denoising process.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.4B
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• pp.708-714
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• 2000

In this paper, an one-dimensional VLSI array for high speed processing of fractal image compression algorithm based the quad-tree partitioning method is proposed. First of all, the single assignment code algorithm is derived from the sequential Fisher's algorithm, and then the data dependence graph(DG) is obtained. The two-dimension array is designed by projecting this DG along the optimal direction and the one-dimensional VLSI array is designed by transforming the obtained two-dimensional array. The number of Input/Output pins in the designed one-dimensional array can be reduced and the architecture of process elements(PEs) can he simplified by sharing the input pins of range and domain blocks and internal arithmetic units of PEs. Also, the utilization of PEs can be increased by reusing PEs for operations to the each block-size. For fractal image compression of 512X512gray-scale image, the proposed array can be processed fastly about 67 times more than sequential algorithm. The operations of the proposed one-dimensional VLSI array are verified by the computer simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.12-22
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to identify demand and methods of projection, including to prove the variables affecting the fluctuation of visitors and to analyze the relationship between these variables in National Park. Statistical analysis method (Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, ANOVA, and Model diagnostics) was carried out by computer program SAS/pc. 13 variables (1. Total Population, 2. Per Capita PDI, 3. Employment Ratio of S.O.C. & others, 4. NO. of Passenger Car, 5. Length of Roads, 6. Leisure Expenditure of Farm Household, 7. Leisure Expenditure of Urban Household, 8. Price Index, 9. NO. of Bus, 10. Exchange on Dollars, 11. Export, 12. Import, and 13. Visitors in National Park) had been used to this study. The scope of time period is during the last 17 years (1970-1986). The results were as follows; 1) Participation depends only on the specific characteristics of the economic factors (Price Index and Leisure Expenditure of Urban Household). These factors are the importance factors directly affecting the participation of visitors. The statistical Model for projecting the visitors in National Parks is the function of "Visitors in National Parks (thousand)=14915+0.210311*Leisure Expenditure of Urband Household (won)-157.835619*Price Index(1985=100)" 2) The external factors affecting the participation depends upon the interelated features of availability and accessibility (NO. of Passenger Car, Length of Roads, and NO. of Bus) of recreation resources or sites, and the economic factors (Per Capita PDI, Export, and Import). These factors are the factors indirectly affecting the participation of visitors. 3) The participation depends on the specific characteristics of demographic factors (Total Population and Employment Ratio of S.O.C. & others). These factors are the factors indirectly affecting the participation of visitors. 4) The unexpected fluctuation of yearly visitors depends on oil shock or inflation (1971, 1973-1974, 1979-1980), promulgation of national emergency decrees (1971-1972, 1974-1975, 1979-1980), and national events (assassination of president Park's wife, Madame Yuk in 1974 and president Park I 1979).

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1787-1793
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• 2018

Shadow is a common phenomenon observed in natural scenes, but it has a negative influence on image analysis such as object recognition, feature detection and scene analysis. Therefore, the process of detecting and removing shadows included in digital images must be considered as a pre-processing process of image analysis. In this paper, the existing methods for acquiring 1D invariant images, one of the feature elements for detecting and removing shadows contained in a single natural image, are described, and a method for obtaining 1D invariant images based on linear regression has been proposed. The proposed method calculates the log of the band-ratio between each channel of the RGB color image, and obtains the grayscale image line by linear regression. The final 1D invariant images were obtained by projecting the log image of the band-ratio onto the estimated grayscale image line. Experimental results show that the proposed method has lower computational complexity than the existing projection method using entropy minimization, and shadow detection and removal based on 1D invariant images are performed effectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.37-45
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• 2008

Quality assessment ai s to evaluate if a distorted image or video has a good quality by measuring the difference between the original and distorted images or videos. In this paper, to assess the visual qualify of a distorted image or video, visual features of the distorted image are compared with those of the original image instead of the direct comparison of the distorted image with the original image. We use edge projections from two images as features, where the edge projection can be easily obtained by projecting edge pixels in an edge map along vertical/horizontal direction. In this paper, edge projections are obtained by using vertical/horizontal directions of gradients as well as the magnitude of each gradient. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed quality assessment through the comparison with conventional quality assessment algorithms such as structural similarity(SSIM), edge peak signal-to-noise ratio(EPSNR), and edge histogram descriptor(EHD) methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.51-71
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• 2017

This study conducted a survey to measure recognition distance between the materials which are located separately in a children's library targeting 200 elementary school lower grade students, higher grade students, and school parents(adults). And compared recognition distance between the elements of materials of individual visitor group with multidimensional scaling and K-mean group analysis. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) is a technique for projecting the cognitive state in space by evaluating the similarity or attribute of the analysis target. Even though it is mainly used for market diagnosis in marketing, It can also be applied to present an ideal physical layout plan by analyzing the distance. As a result of analysis, the main discoveries are as follows. First, elementary school students cognize child, baby and computer materials should be adjacent as a same group. But recognition of adults(school parents) is reflected by differing from elementary school students vastly. They cognize that computer materials should be formed as a special group separated from child and baby's materials. Second, elementary school higher graders and adults(school parents) groups also want to separate their main reading materials from baby's book, therefore They both want to secure silent reading space separating from baby. Third, as a result to confirming how this recognition distance system of materials is reflected in a real children's library through three children's libraries in Y-gu, Incheon, there is no library with structure according perfectly with a recognition system of a particular class, but a recognition system of adults and elementary school students is partially reflected because baby, child and computer materials, and baby and child materials are commonly separated and placed. It is difficult to insist that a recognition system of a visitor group, especially a recognition system of children is absolute consideration conditions in material placement of a children's library. However, understanding cognition of the user groups can be an important evidentiary factors to offer differentiated service space according to visitors and effective placement of the elements of library resources.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

The quantity of light available for a space can be translated in term of the amount of energy savings through a process of a building energy simulation. To get significant energy savings in general illumination, the electric lighting system must be incorporated with a daylight - activated dimmer control. A prototype configuration of an once interior has been established and the integration between the building envelope and lighting and HVAC systems is evaluated based on computer modeling of a lighting control facility. First of all, an energy-efficient luminaire system is designed and the lighting analysis program, Lumen-Micro 2000 predicts the optimal layout of a conventional fluorescent lighting future to meet the designed lighting level and calculates unit power density, which translates the demanded met of electric lighting energy. A dimming control system integrated with the contribution of daylighting has been applied to the operating of the artificial lighting. Annual cooling load due to lighting and the projecting saving amount of cooling load due to daylighting under overcast diffuse sky m evaluated by computer software ENER-Win. In brief, the results from building energy simulation with measured daylight illumination levels and the performance of lighting control system indicate that daylighting can save over 70 percent of the required energy for general illumination in the perimeter zones through the year A 25[%] of electric energy for cooling and almost all off heating energy may be saved by dimming and turning off the luminaires in the perimeter zones.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.383-387
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• 2015

Bowel and rectal diseases are on the increase by irregular life and westernized eating habits of modern people, especially rectal cancer, which accounts for 50% of the entire colon cancer. For the initial rectal cancer, because there is no portion projecting on the surface, if not see inside the tissue with ultrasound, you make an errors that misdiagnosis as rectal abscess. However there is a need for more accurate diagnosis, because it is sometimes difficult to distinguish abscess from rectal cancer depending on staging, in spite of the ultrasonic diagnosis. Therefore, this study was performed quantitative analysis by using a computer algorithm for rectal cancer and abscess image. Each of 20 cases about normal, abscess and cancer by setting analysis region ($50{\times}50$ pixels) applies to GLCM algorithm and Autocorrelation, Max probability, Sum average, Sum variance in each image were analyzed by comparing the 4 single parameter. Consequently, The high lesion detection efficiency was presented 100% by the 3 parameter of Autocorrelation, Max probability, Sum variance and the parameter of Sum average presents 95% in cancer, more than 90% in abscess. Those parameters are valuable in distinction standard about normal, cancer and abscess in rectum. It is sufficient availability as a computer assisted diagnosis system depended on clinical using.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to examine the possibility of utilizing the immersion stereoscopic image with a curved-screen-display as a tool for evaluating the landscape. The curved-screen-display ensures the continuity of the image and can be simultaneously evaluated by many people. Fifty-meter-wide Gangnamdaero Boulevard in Seoul was selected for this study, and the simulation was done using computer graphics. With the computer simulation, a questionnaire on landscape preferences was conducted according to different visual environments (immersion, non-immersion) and different projection types(stereoscopic or plane image). In the results of this study, the landscape preference was largely dependent on the immersion environment. Using the immersion-type simulation, the observer can easily evaluate the preference with higher judgment power. The stereoscope or plane projection type does not have any significant result in terms of its judgment power. This result implies that it is very important to strengthen the sense of immersion by expanding the screen into an angled view in which the observer can become immersed while making and projecting the simulation to evaluate the landscape. As a landscape evaluation tool for examining the efficiency and usefulness of immersion simulation, this study has limitations in that it controls many factors in street landscape that adversely affect judgment. Accordingly, a detailed comparison and verification of the stereoscopic image in various environments, including street width and building height ratio, must be conducted.