• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.341-343
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• 2005

This paper introduces a compression algorithm for power quality disturbance signal via the discrete wavelet transform, DWT. Algorithm to estimate a time delay from the power quality disturbance signal is proposed. Pseudo-stationary signal is constructed from the estimated time delay. A difference signal or nonstationary signal is obtained by removing a pseudo-stationary signal from a disturbance signal. DWT is applied to a difference signal. The threshold is applied to reduce a number of coefficients. Simulation results show the resonable compression ratio while keep low signal distortion.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1127-1134
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• 2002

The effects of pressure and temperature on the autoignition of propane and n-butane blends were investigated using a rapid compression machine (RCM) , which is widely used to examine the autoignition characteristics. The RCM was designed to be capable of varying the compression ratio between 5 and 20 and minimize the vortex formation on the cylinder wall using a wedge-shaped crevice. The initial temperature and pressure of the compressed gas were varied in range of 720∼900 K and 1.6∼ 1.8 MPa, respectively, by adjusting the ratio of the specific heat of the mixture by altering the ratio of the non-reactive components (N$_2$, Ar) under a constant effective equivalence ratio (ø$\_$f/= 1.0) The gas temperature after the compression stroke could be obtained from the measured time-pressure record. The results showed a two-stage ignition delay and a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) behavior which were the unique characteristic of the alkane series fuels. As the propane concentration in the blend were increased from 20% and 40% propane, the autoignition delay time increased by approximately 41 % and 55% at 750 K. Numerical reduced kinetic modeling was performed using the Shell model, which introduced some important chemical ideas, represented by the generic species. Several rate coefficients were calibrated based on the experimental results to establish an autoignition model of the propane and n-butane blends. These coefficients can be used to predict the autoignition characteristics in LPG fueled Sl engines.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2002

To study of binder and fine aggregate a lot of replacement fly-ash concrete, initial characteristics, standard environment of curing temperature $20^{\circ}C$, hot-weather environment, cold weather environment of curing temperature $5^{\circ}C$. Flash concrete tested slump, air contest, setting and Hardening concrete valuated setting period of form, day of age 3, 7, 28 compression strength in sealing curing. Underwater curing specimen compression strength of age 3. 7, 28day used strength change accordingly fly-ash concrete curing temperature. Purpose of study is consultation materials in field that variety of fly-ash replacement concrete mix proportion comparison and valuation. (1) Setting test result, fly-ash ratio of replacement higher delay totting time. Same volume of fly-ash ratio of replacement is lower fly-ash ratio of replacement fine aggregate delay setting time. Setting test in curing temperature $35^{\circ}C$ over twice fast setting in curing temperature $20^{\circ}C$ and all specimen setting delay in curing temperature $5^{\circ}C$. F40 specimen end of setting about 30 time. (2) Experiment result age 28day compression strength more fisher plan concrete then standard environment in curing temperature $20^{\circ}C$, cold weather environment in curing temperature $5^{\circ}C$, most strength F43 is hot-weather environment in curing temperature $35^{\circ}C$ replacement binder 25%, fine aggregate 15%. (3) Hot-weather environment replacement a mount of fly-ash is a same of plan concrete setting period of form. Age 28day compression strength replacement a mount of fly-ash more hot-weather concrete then plan concrete.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제8C권5호
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• pp.525-534
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• 2001

일반적으로 무손실 영상압축 및 암호화 방법에는 압축과 암호화 과정이 독립적으로 이루어진다. 압축 후 암호화를 수행하면 압축열이 암호에 대한 평문으로 사용되므로 압축에 따른 엔트로피가 감소하여 랜덤한 성질을 갖게된다. 그러나 압축열 전체에 대한 암호화는 수행시간이 길어져 실시간 처리를 저해하는 원인이 되기도 한다. 본 논문에서는 무손실 영상압축과 암호의 결합에서 전체 처리시간을 줄이는 방법을 제안한다. 이는 쿼드트리 압축 알고리즘으로 그레이 영상을 분해하여 구조부분만을 암호화하는 방법이다. 아울러 영상의 무상관성과 동질영역을 확보하기 위한 변환과정을 수행하여 무손실 압축성능을 개선하였고, 쿼드트리 분해시 암호화되지 않은 데이터를 레벨별로 재구성하여 안전성을 갖도록 하였다. 모의 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법이 영상 압축율의 개선과 암호화 방법의 안전성 확보 및 실시간 처리가 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2010

Purpose: To minimize an interruption in chest compression, reduce the hands-off time, the American Heart Association has recommended the ratio of chest compression to ventilation ratio to 30:2 from 2005 CPR guideline to 2010 CPR guideline. However, current studies have shown that the hands-off time was > 10 seconds with that method. For this reason, we devised new CPR method that a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 to reduce pt assessment time and skipped the assessment step of carotid artery pulse would be a more effective way to reduce the hands-off time & the time to set the CPR. According to the more detailed purpose are listed below. 1) We would like to confirm efficiency of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 to reduce the hands-off time & the time to set the CPR. 2) We would like to evaluate possibility of increasing for chest compression accuracy of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 3) We would like to evaluate possibility of increasing for ventilation accuracy of a ventilation to chest compression ratio of 2:30 than a chest compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2 Methods: According to 2005 American Heart Association Guidelines, 60 paramedic students(20 students X freshmen, sophomore, junior) performed 5 cycles of 3~ chest compressions : 2 ventilations after A, B, C evaluation with Laerdal Resusci R Anne SkillReporters. After 5 minutes rest, the 60 students performed 5 cycles of 2 ventilations : 30 chest compressions after A, B evaluation with the manikins between 13 and 17 September 2010. The short reports including speed & accuracy of chest compression, respiratory, CPR cycle were gained from the manikins. Hands-off times were measured by assistants. Results: Recently, the importance of high quality CPR was emphasized in order to perform the CPR faster and more accurate. To find out improving the conventional CPR method, we switch the procedure of the compression and the ventilation. By switching the procedure back and forth, we are able to compare the effectiveness of CPR between two type of CPR method which are 2:30 and 30:2 methods. 2:30 is that the breaths is delivered twice, first and perform 30 compressions while 30:2 perform 30 compressions first and give 2 breaths followed by the ABC method. Also, we verify the effectiveness of the hands off time, compression accuracy of the compression through the comparison of the two procedure as mentioned earlier. Consequently research verified that 2:30 is the efficient by providing faster set up delivering more accurate chest compression. Conclusion: 2:30 can minimize a time delay from cardiac standstill until starting the chest compression. In addition, hands-off time which is an interruption in chest compression can be shortened by 2:30 method, which result to effective oxygenation of coronary artery & maintenance of the bloodstream. Once again, performing the 2:30 method provide lessen hands off time and increase the accuracy of the chest compression.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.1253-1258
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• 2006

모바일 벡터 지도 서비스 환경에는 공간 데이터의 특성상 큰 데이터 용량으로 인한 단말기 리소스 부족과 전송시간 지연과 같은 애로사항이 존재 한다. 정상적인 모바일 벡터 지도 서비스가 이루어지기 위해서는 이러한 문제점들을 극복하기 위한 대책들이 필요하다 그중에서 공간데이터 압축기법은 대역폭과 클라이언트에서의 대기 시간 축소에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 하지만 압축과 복원에 소요되는 오버헤드가 전체 효율에 미치는 영향도 함께 고찰할 필요가있다. 본 논문은 공간 데이터를 압축하기 위한 2가지 기법을 제시한다. 하나는 공간 객체별로 기준 좌표 및 상대 좌표를 전송하는상대좌표 변환 압축기법이고 또 하나는 클라이언트 좌표로 서버에서 미리 좌표 변환하는 클라이언트 좌표 변환 압축 기법이다. 그리고 구현 실험으로 그 효과와 효율을 평가한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2022

제조 현장의 센서나 기기들에서 생성된 대량의 데이터들이 서버나 클라이언트로 전송되면서 네트워크 처리시간 지연, 스토리지 자원 비용 증가의 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제 해결을 위해 실시간 대응성과 무중단 공정이 필수인 제조 현장을 고려하여 실시간 및 무손실 압축이 가능한 QRC(Quotient Remainder Compression)와 BL_beta 압축 알고리즘을 처음으로 실제 제조 현장 센서 데이터에 적용하여 실험 결과로 두 알고리즘 중 어떤 알고리즘이 성능이 좋은지 비교 분석하였다. 실험 결과는 BL_beta가 QRC보다 압축률이 높았다. QRC의 데이터 크기를 조금 조정하여 동일한 데이터로 실험을 진행한 실험결과는 데이터 크기를 조정한 QRC 알고리즘이 기존 QRC와 BL_beta 압축 알고리즘보다 압축률이 35.48%, 20.3% 더 높았다.

• 오토저널
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1983

The analysis shows that the variation of maximum pressure of the cycle, rate of hear release, rate of mass burned, and combustion delay are influenced by the inlet air humidity in the spark-ignition engine. The quantitative combustion delay can be obtained from the rate of mass burned. Also, the variation of time loss and effective compression ratio with the change of inlet air humidity are dominated by the development of rate of heat release.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.147-158
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• 2001

In general, two methods have been used to predict settlement of soft ground. One method is Terzaghi's one dimensional consolidation theory which gives time-settlement relationship using the standard consolidation test results. The other is forecasting method of ground settlement to be occured in the future using in-situ monitoring data. The above both methods have some defects in application manner or in itself especially in very deep and soft clayey ground. In view of the lessons and experiences of soft ground improvement projects, several techniques were proposed for more accurate theorectical calculation of consolidation settlement as follows ; ① Subdivision of soft ground, ② Consideration of secondary compression, ③ Using the modified compression index, etc. And also, revised hyperbolic fitting method was suggested to minimize the error of predicted future settlement. In addition, revised De-Beer equation of immediate settlement of loose sandy soil was proposed to overcome the tendency to show too small settlement calculation results by original De-Deer equation. And also, considering the various effects of settlement delay in the improved ground by vertical drains, time-settlement caculation equation(Onoue method) was revised to match the tendency of settlement delay by using the characteristics of discharge capacity decreases of vertical drain with time elapse by the pattern of hyperbolic equation.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.543-552
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• 2002

Wireless Application Protocol(WAP) 포럼에서는 무선 환경의 특성에 적합하도록 HyperText Transfer Protocol(HTTP)를 수정 보완한 Wireless Session Protocol(WSP)를 제안하였다 WSP는 무선 구간에서의 프로토콜 성능을 상당부분 개선하였고, 무선 환경을 고려한 다양한 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 WSP에 프로토콜 메시지 압축 기능을 추가하여 기존 프로토콜의 성능을 더욱 개선하였다. 그리고, 기존의 WSP 구현물과 프로토콜 메시지 압축 기능을 추가한 WSP+ 구현물의 성능을 측정하고 비교하였다. 그 결과 본 논문에서 제안한 프로토콜 메시지 압축기능은 기존 WSP에 비하여 응답 트래픽을 약 45% 감소시켰다. 그리고, 비트 오류 발생률이 $10^{-4}$인 실험 환경에서 패킷 손실률과 트랜잭션당 시간 지연을 40% 이상 개선하였다. 이러한 측정 결과에서 알 수 있듯이, 프로토콜 메시지 압축 기능은 무선 구간에서 전달되는 메시지의 크기를 줄임으로써 패킷의 손실률을 낮추어 트랜잭션 계층에서의 메시지 재전송 횟수를 줄이고 트랜잭션당 시간 지연을 단축하였다.