• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.417-428
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• 2008

An experiment was conducted with 80 male rats for 4 weeks to investigate the effect of water soluble extracts(WSE) from different sections of farmed Elk(Cervus elaphus) antler on lipid metabolism and hematology. Antlers were divided into four sections of tip, upper, middle and base. Water soluble extract(35g/60ml) was prepared from each section of antler, and was administered orally to male Sprague- Dawley rats(10ml/kg body weight) once a day. Administration of WSE from upper, middle and base sections of antler decreased(P<0.0027) AST values at 3 weeks of feeding, however AST value was decreased(P< 0.0136) in the WSE of base section compared to that of control at 4 weeks of feeding. Administration of antler WSE for 4 weeks decreased total cholesterol in visceral fat(P<0.0035) and liver(P<0.0003) at 4 weeks of feeding compared to those of control. Feeding antler WSE for 4 weeks increased the compositions of C14:0(P<0.0037), C16:1(P<0.0061), C18:1(P<0.0066), C18:2(P< 0.0069) and C18:3(P<0.0035) in the visceral fat compared with that of control.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1013-1019
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• 2011

In this paper, simulation works for a multi-stage cascade refrigeration cycle using propane, ethylene and methane as refrigerants have been performed for the liquefaction of natural gas using Peng-Robinson equation of state built-in PRO/II with PROVISION release 8.3. The natural gas feed compositions were supplied from Korea Gas Corporation and the flow rate was assumed to be 5.0 million tons per annual. Supply temperature for propane refrigerant was fixed as $-40^{\circ}C$, that for ethylene refrigerant as $-95^{\circ}C$, and that for methane refrigerant as $-155^{\circ}C$. For the multi-stage refrigeration cycle, three-stage refrigeration was assumed for propane refrigeration cycle, two-stage refrigeration for ethylene refrigeration cycle and three-stage refrigeration for methane refrigeration cycle. Natural gas was finally cooled and liquefied to $-162^{\circ}C$ by Joule-Thomson expansion. Conclusively, 91.71% by mole of the natural gas liquefaction ratio was obtained through a cascade refrigeration cycle and Joule-Thomson expansion and 0.433 kW of compression power was consumed for the liquefaction of 1.0 kg/hr of natural gas.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2010

As nuclear power plants are getting older, interests on a decontaminating process are increasingly attracting more attention. Chemical decontamination is crucial to lower the production of radioactive waste and radiation dose rate. Prior to this, oxidizers and detergents for target material should be chosen so as to decontaminate major systems and components of a nuclear power plant chemically. In order to decontaminate it properly, it is crucial to have information about the chemical composition and crystalline structure of CRUD, analyzing its samples from the target or the decontamination system with components. However, there is no program which enables the extraction of samples directly from the object or the decontamination system with components carrying genuine radioactivity. Therefore, it is limited to samples from corrosion products carrying partial radioactivity as a resource. The composition of CRUD varies considerably depending on refueling cycle because it is closely related to the constituent of basic material. After settling a target, it is crucial to analyze and obtain analytical information about CRUD as a decontamination target. In this paper, various technologies for manufacturing simulated CRUD are introduced as alternatives to unattained samples. A metal oxide or metal hydroxide was used to synthesize simulated cruds having chemical compositions and crystalline stricture similar to the actual one by 12 different methods. CRUD 4(metal oxides in the autoclave vessel) and CRUD 10(metal oxides in a crucible after hydrazing pretreatment)were chosen as the best method for Type 1 and Type 2.respectively. As these CRUD can be synthesized easily without using any specialized equipment or reagents in a short time and in large quantities, they are expected to stimulate the development of decontaminating agents and processes.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.7
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• pp.79-84
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• 1966

1. In order to elucidate the differences between varieties of Korean soybean, forty-nine subjects were examined for their chemical constituents. Their proportions varied considerably with the differences in variety. The moisture varied from 10.93% to 12.57%(aver. 11.95%), protein; 33.79% to 47.00%(aver. 39.8%) crude fat; from 16.32% to 24.79%(aver. 19.2%), crude fiber; from 3.03% to 5.57%(aver. 3.98%), ash; from 3.95% to 5.23%(aver. 4.6%) and nitrogen free-extracts (earbohydrates); from 16.58% to 26,81% (aver. 20.57%) Chemical composition of soybean was affected by the varieties as well as their localities of growth. 2. Of the total protein, 33.26% based on the soybean meal was soluble protein and 1.94% insoluble protein in average.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.81-103
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• 1979

The weathered granite soil involves problems in its stability in soil structures depending upon the reduction of soil strength due to the water absorption, crushability, and content of colored mineral and feldspar. As an attemt to solve the problems associated with soil stability, the crushability of weathered granite soil was investigated by conducting tests such as compaction test, CBR test, unconfined compression test, direct shear test, triaxial compression test, and permeability test on the five soil samples different in weathering and mineral compositions. The experimental results are summarized as follows: The ratio of increasing dry density in the weathered granite soil was high as the compaction energy was low, while it was low as the compaction energy was increased. The unconfined compressive strength. and CBR value were highest in the dry side rather than in the soil with the optimum moisture content, when the soil was compacted by adjusting water content. However, the unconfined compressive strength of smples, which were compacted and oven dried, were highest in the wet side rather than in soil with the optimum moisture content. As the soil becomes coarse grain, the ratio of specific surface area increased due to increased crushability, and the increasing ratio of the specific surface area decreased as the compaction energy was increased. The highest ratio of grain crushability was attained in the wet side rather than in the soil with the optimum moisture content. Such tendency was transforming to the dry side as the compaction energy was increased. The effect of water on the grain crushability of soil was high in the coarse grained soil. The specific surface area of WK soil sample, when compacted under the condition of air dried and under the optimum moisture content, was constant regardless of the compaction energy. When the weathered granite soil and river sand with the same grain size were compacted with low compaction energy, the weathered granite soil with crushability had higher dry density than river sand. However, when the compaction energy reached to certain point over limitation, the river sand had higher dry density than the weathered granite soil. The coefficient of permeability was lowest in the wet side rather than in the optimum moisture content, when the soil was compacted by adjusting soil water content. The reduction of permeability of soil due to the compaction was more apparent in the weathered granite soil than in the river sand. The highly significant correlation coefficient was obtained between the amount of particle breakage and dry density of the compacted soil.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.57-71
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• 1985

The characteristics of compaction and unconfined compressive strength were investigated by mixing with lime to all soils adjusted by given percentages of two kinds of clays to sand to obtain the most effective distribution of grain size and the optimum lime content for soil stabilization. In addition, unconfined compressive strength and durability tested by adding of sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, sodium gydroxide and magnesium oxide to lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent lime to adjusted soil having the mixing percentage of 60 percent of cohesive black clay and 40 percent of sand by weight to get the effect and the optimum content of chemicals. The results obtained were as follows; 1.With the addition of more lime, the optimum moisture content was increased, and the maximum dry density was decreased, whereas the more the amount of clay and the less was the maximum drt density. 2. In the soil having more fine grain size the unconfined compressive strength was larger in the earlier stage of curing period, in accordance with the longer period, the mixing percentages of sand to clay showing the maximum unconfined compressive strength, on the basis of 28-day strength, were 60% : 40% (black clay) and 40% : 60% (brown clay) respectively. 3. The reason why the soil adjusted with black clay was remarkably bigger in the unconfined compressive strength than ones adjusted with brown clay for all specimen of lime-soil mixture was the difference in the kind of clay, the amount of chemical compositions the value of pH. Black clay was mainly composed of halloysite that reacted with lime satisfactorily, whereas the main composition of brown clay was kaolinite that was less effect in the enhance of unconfined compressive strength. Also the difference of unconfined compressive strength was because black clay was larger in the amount of composition of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in the value of pH affecting directly on the unconfined compressive strength of lime-soil mixture than brown clay. 4. In the lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent of lime to soil that mixing percentage of sand to black clay was 60% : 40%, on the standard of 7-day strength, the effect of chemical was arranged in the order of magnesium oxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and sodium metasilicate. 5. The optimum amount of chemical being applicable to the maximum unconfined compressive strength of lime-chemical-soil mixture was 1 percent by weight for air dry soil in the case of adding sodium carbonated and 0.75 percent on sodium hydroxide, the unconfined compressive strength was increased continuously with increase of the amount of chemical up to 2 percent of chemical content is the lime-chemical-soil mixture added sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate and magnesium oxide. 6. It was considered that the chemical played and accelerant role of early revelation of strength because the rate of increase of unconfined compressive strength of all of lime-chemical-soil mixtures was largest on the 7-day cured specimen. 7. The effect of test on freezing and thawing after adding suitable amount of chemical on the lime-soil mixture mixed with 8 percent of lime to soil that mixing percentage of sand to black clay was 60% : 40% was arranged in the order of magnesium oxide, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium metasilicate and sodium hydroxide.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.199-212
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• 1998

The ultimate goal of this study can be summed up as follows: First, the utility of Time-Lapse that observes and records people's behavior will be shown and its merits and demerits will be discussed through comparing with other data-collecting methods such as the naked- eye observation, and the specific way in which Time-Lapse can be put to use will be suggested. Second, analysis of use behavior boserved in the plaza of Chungryangri station by Time-Lapse will be made, on the basis of which suggestions will be made concerning planing, designing, layout, and management of the station plaza. Time-Lapse can observe and records the plaza of Chungryangri Staton through 6 different ways of recording in Time-Lapse: 30 seconds, every minute, every two minutes, second every five minutes, every one tenth of a second, and every one fifth of a second, and these different ways of recording were analyzed through comparison from one to each other to check their respective utilities. And also analysis of tracks of pedestrians, density, and use behavior of users were made, according to which the way in which Time-Lapse can be utilized was examined. Several useful results obtained from this study are shown as follows. First, Time-Lapse made it possible to continuously observe for a long time using minimu efforts, and a single tape which is able to cover from 12 hours up to 25 days is useful for observing variation of behavior in space with the passage of time and seasons. Second, among six ways of recording, the recording every one tenth of a second and every one fifth of a second are useful for finding the tracks of pedestrians, the number of users, the member compositions, the time spent in one place, and manner of use. And besides the moving direction and its purpose can be recognized in a short time, which makes it possile to see where crossings of moving directions occur. Third, the recording every thirty seconds, every minute, every two minutes, and every five minutes are useful for analyzing the density in space as well as for finding the number of users and frequency of facilities use. In particular the recording every thirty seconds made it possible to keep the track of pedestrians' walking, and to observe even slowly moving motions such as cleaning. But when the recording interval exceeds one minute, this was not possible. Fourth, time-lapse has advantages over the naked eye observation in several respects. Time-lapse can measure observed behavior and density in terms of number, and locate the position of users. Time-Lapse, if accompanied by other methods such as interviewing and question that can examine psychological aspects like satisfaction or the purpose of use and be a useful device for space studies.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.123-138
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• 2009

In recent years, the web services composition search has become an issue of great interest. The web services composition search is the process of integrating individual web services to yield desired behavior. Through the web services composition search, more sophisticated functionalities can be provided. Current solutions can be classified into three main classes: forward chaining approach, backward chaining approach and two-phase approach. However one-way chaining approaches, such as forward chaining approach and backward chaining approach have limitations of searching irrelevant web services. And two-phase approach has limitations of including redundant web services. In this paper, we propose an unredundant web services composition search based on the two-phase algorithm. The algorithm consists of a forward phase and a backward phase. In the forward phase, the candidate web services participating composition will be found efficiently by searching the Link Index. In the backward phase, unredundant web services compositions will be generated from candidate web services by using the Token Manager. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm is more efficient than one-way chaining approaches. The experimental results also show that our algorithm can provide more solutions than previous two-phase approach and is comparable to previous one in execution time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.63-74
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to expand a prospect of a few-remaining Byeolseo scenic sites of Gangwon-do(Province) through determining placeness formation, prospect characteristics, and landscape meanings of Gumi(Nine beauties) and Sipalgyung(18 scenic views) in Gumijeongsa. Gumijeongsa, which is located in a riverside of the Goljicheon(stream), a part of upstream of Namhangang, is the oldest existing Nujung architecture in the Jeongseon area. This study tried to unearth the Gumijonegsa's locational and formational characteristics through literature review and a field survey. Especially, through the field survey, this study tried to figure out the landscape meanings and contents of Gumi and Sipalgyung by Gumijeongsa's position and its prospect compositions. As a result of this study, Gumi and Sipalgyung of Gumijeongsa are variations of typical traditional culture of Gugok(Nine river bends) and Palgyung(Eight scenic views). Ja Lee, the founder, administrated Gumijeongsa as a core residence of Gugok culture. He established beautiful nine viewpoints from the building, named Gumi, and added 18 detailed landscapes(two landscapes for one beauties), instead of establishing nine river bends of the stream. The Gumi and Sipalgyung are formed by reflection of beautiful locational characteristics from the views in Gumijeongsa, thus the Gumi is the concept which is a unique variation of Gugok and Palgyung culture.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 2011

Organic/inorganic hybrid materials have a lot of interest in various areas due to their fascinating properties. To control the location and dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles within polymer matrix. thiol-terminated polymeric ligands have been widely used to tune the surface property of nanoparticles. However, the specific binding between the thiol functional group and metal is unstable with increasing temperature. To archive the thermally-stable Au nanoparticles, we previously synthesized various UV-crosslinkable polymeric ligands, which have different compositions of polar, UV-crosslinkable azide unit comparing to non-polar 스티렌 units. After crosslinking the Au nanoparticles, it was found that the nanoparticles had superb stability at high temperature (above $180^{\circ}C$). In this work, we used thermally-stable Au nanoparticles to control the location within the polymer matrix. By changing the amount of polar azide units in the polymeric ligands, we could precisely control the location of nanoparticles from one domain to the interface of block copolymer templates.