• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.4.1-4.7
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a window-based mechanism visualization approach as an alternative way to measure the seriousness of the difference among data-insights extracted from a composite biodata point. The approach is based on two components: undirected graph and Mosaab-metric space. The significant application of this approach is to visualize the segmented genome of a virus. We use Influenza and Ebola viruses as examples to demonstrate the robustness of this approach and to conduct comparisons. This approach can provide researchers with deep insights about information structures extracted from a segmented genome as a composite biodata point, and consequently, to capture the segmented genetic variations and diversity (variants) in composite data points.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7.1-7.7
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• 2020

In this paper, we present few technical notes about the distance distribution paradigm for Mosaab-metric using 1, 2, and 3 grams feature extraction techniques to analyze composite data points in high dimensional feature spaces. This technical analysis will help the specialist in bioinformatics and biotechnology to deeply explore the biodiversity of influenza virus genome as a composite data point. Various technical examples are presented in this paper, in addition, the integrated statistical learning pipeline to process segmented genomes of influenza virus is illustrated as sequential-parallel computational pipeline.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.741-759
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• 2020

Steel plate-concrete composite slabs provide attractive features, such as more effective loading transfer, and more cost-effective stay-in-place forms, thereby enabling engineers to design more high-performance light structures. Although significant studies in the literatures have been directed toward designing and implementing the steel plate-concrete composite beams, there are limited data available for understanding of the composite slabs. To fill this gap, nine the composite slabs with different variables in this study were tested to unveil the impacts of the critical factors on the ultimate strength behavior. The key information of the findings included sample failure modes, crack pattern, and ultimate strength behavior of the composite slabs under either four-point or three-point loading. Test results showed that the failure modes varied from delamination to shear failures under different design factors. Particularly, the shear stud spacing and thicknesses of the concrete slabs significantly affected their ultimate load-carrying capacities. Moreover, an analytical model of the composite slabs was derived for determining their ultimate load-carrying capacity and was well verified by the experimental data. Further extensive parametric study using the proposed analytical methods was conducted for a more comprehensive investigation of those critical factors in their performance. These findings are expected to help engineers to better understand the structural behavior of the steel plate-concrete composite slabs and to ensure reliability of design and performance throughout their service life.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.114-120
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• 2019

Response surface methodology (RSM) is a useful set of statistical techniques for modeling and optimizing responses in research studies of food science. As a design for a response surface experiment, a central composite design (CCD) with multiple runs at the center point is frequently used. However, sometimes there exist situations where some among the responses at the center point are outliers and these outliers are overlooked. Since the responses from center runs are those from the same experimental conditions, there should be no outliers at the center point. Outliers at the center point ruin statistical analysis. Thus, the responses at the center point need to be looked at, and if outliers are observed, they have to be examined. If the reasons for the outliers are not errors in measuring or typing, such outliers need to be deleted. If the outliers are due to such errors, they have to be corrected. Through a re-analysis of a dataset published in the Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources, we have shown that outlier elimination resulted in the increase of the maximum possible R-square that the modeling of the data can obtain, which enables us to improve the quality of response surface analysis.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.701-711
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• 2023

In order to fully reflect variation characteristics of composite concrete dam health state, the monitoring data is applied to diagnose composite concrete dam health state. Composite concrete dam lesion development to wreckage is a precursor, and its health status can be judged. The monitoring data are generally non-linear and unsteady time series, which contain chaotic information that cannot be characterized. Thus, it could generate huge influence for the construction of monitoring models and the formulation of corresponding health diagnostic indicators. This multi-scale diagnosis process is from point to whole. Chaotic characteristics are often contained in the monitoring data. If chaotic characteristics could be extracted for reflecting concrete dam health state and the corresponding diagnostic indicators will be formulated, the theory and method of diagnosing concrete dam health state can be huge improved. Therefore, the chaotic characteristics of monitoring data are considered. And, the extracting method of the chaotic components is studied from monitoring data based on fuzzy dynamic cross-correlation factor method. Finally, a method is proposed for formulating composite concrete dam health state indicators. This method can effectively distinguish chaotic systems from deterministic systems and reflect the health state of concrete dam in service.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.110-115
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• 2019

Stationary and rotating blades can be found in a steam turbine generator and the airfoil shapes of these blades can be defined by point data from an aerodynamic design system. The main design process of blades is composed of two steps: first, the blade surface is modeled with the point data; and then, the section data is generated which contains composite curves with line segments and arcs for CAE of the blade. The surface is modeled by a curve-net defined by the point data, which may be extended to obtain the section data to model the blade. This paper presents methods for automating the above-mentioned steps, which have been implemented in the commercial CAD/CAM system, Unigraphics, with API functions written in C-language. Finally, the proposed methods have been applied to model the blade of a steam turbine generator.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.17-33
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture toughness of dental composite resins and to investigate the filler factor affecting the fracture behaviour on which the degree of fracture toughness depends. Six kinds of commercially available composite resin;, including two of each macrofilled, microfilled, and hybrid type were used for this study, The plane strain fracture toughness ($K_{10}$) was determined by three-point bending test using the single edge notch specimen according to the ASTM-E399. The specimens were fabricated with visible light curing or self curing of each composite resin previously inserted into a metal mold, and three-point bending test was conducted with cross-head speed of 0.1mm/min following a day's storage of the specimens in $37^{\circ}C$ distilled water. The filler volume fractions were determined by the standard ashing test according to the ISO-4049. Acoustic Emission(AE), a nondestructive testing method detecting the elastic wave released from the localized sources In material under a certain stress, was detected during three-point bending test and its analyzed data was compared with, canning electron fractographs of each specimen. The results were as follows : 1. The filler content of composite resin material was found to be highest in the hybrid type followed by the macrofilled type, and the microfilled type. 2. It was found that the value of plane strain fracture toughness of composite resin material was in the range from 0.69 MPa$\sqrt{m}$ to 1 46 MPa$\sqrt{m}$ and highest In the macrofilled type followed by the hybrid type, and the microfilled type. 3. The consequence of Acoustic Emission analysis revealed that the plane strain fracture toughness increased according as the count of Acoustic Emission events increased. 4. The higher the plane strain fracture toughness became, the higher degree of surface roughness and irregularity the fractographs demonstrated.

• Composites Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.394-399
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• 2021

Piecewise Integrated Composite (PIC) is a new concept to design composite structures of multiple stacking angles both for in-plane direction and through the thickness direction in order to improve stiffness and strength. In the present study, PIC beam was suggested based on 3D training data instead of 2D data, which did offer a limited behavior of beam characteristics, with enhancing the stiffness accompanied by reduced tip deformation. Generally training data were observed from the designated reference finite elements, and preliminary FE analysis was conducted with respect to regularly distributed reference elements. Also triaxiality values for each element were obtained in order to categorize the loading state, i.e. tensile, compressive or shear. The main FE analysis was conducted to predict the mechanical characteristics of the PIC beam.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.499-504
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• 2003

Future bridge decks must have high load-resistance capacity as well as fatigue strength to withstand the increase in traffic loading and the increase in span length between girders due to the decrease in the number of main girders. Steel-concrete composite bridge decks may be proper deck types to satisfy such requirements. To promote the application of composite bridge decks, a rational process to predict and evaluate the fatigue behavior of steel concrete composite bridge deck is required. Various types of steel-concrete composite bridge decks have been developed in many countries. In this study, combining advantages of the existing composite deck types, a new type of composite bridge deck is proposed. An experimental study is performed to examine the fatigue behavior of the proposed composite bridge deck. This composite bridge deck consists of corrugated steel sheet, welded T-beams, stud-type shear connectors and reinforced concrete filler. The fatigue tests are conducted under four-point bending test with three different stress ranges in constant amplitude. The fatigue category of the fillet welding between corrugated steel sheet and the T-beam is evaluated based on the S-N data obtained from the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.5 s.98
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• pp.160-168
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• 1999

This paper describes one method of reverse engineering that machines a free form shape without descriptive model. A portable five-axes 3D CMM was used to digitize point data from physical model. After approximation by rational B-spline curve from digitized point data of a geometric shape, a surface was constructed by the skinning method of the cross-sectional design technique. Since a surface patch was segmented by fifteen part, surface merging was also implemented to assure the surface boundary continuity. Finally, composite surface was transferred to commercial CAD/CAM system through IFES translation in order to machine the modeled geometric shape.