• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2004

The chromatographic separation of MeOH extract of the aerial parts of Aster glehni (Compositae) led to the isolation of three sesquiterpenes, two sterols and four terpenes. Their structures were determined to be $\beta$-amyrin acetate (1), phytol (2), alismol (3), $\alpha$-tocopheryl quinone (4), $\alpha$-spinasterol (5), 10-O-methyl alismoxide (6), alismoxide (7), and 3-O-(6'-O-palmitoyl-$\beta$-D-glucosyl)-spinasta 7,22-diene (8) by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods . These compounds (1-8) were first isolated from the Aster glehni.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.10-13
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• 2003

The phytochemical study of Cacalia koraiensis Nakai (Compositae) led to the isolation of eight compounds, $\beta$-sitosterol (1), stigmasterol (2), phytol (3), $\beta$-sitosterol-3-Ο-glucopyranoside (4), adenostylol (5), campesterol (6), germacradien-4$\alpha$-ol (7), and quercetin-3-rhamnoside (8). Their structures were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated by SRB assay against five cultured human tumor cell lines.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.509-515
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• 1992

Phytophagous insects were surveyed from field populations of Compositae weeds in the order Campanulales. Forty five insect species including unidentified ones of 43 genera in 5 orders and 17 families were recorded from 16 species in 12 genera of Compositae weeds. The hemipterans and coleopterans were the most abundant insects representing 13 and 13 species, repectively. Aphids and leaf beetles were important phytophagous insects on Compositae weeds. The potential biological control insects were Uromelan gobonis and Aethes cnicana on Cirsium japonicum var. ussuriensis and Cryptosiphum artemisiae on Artemisia lavandulaefolia. The leaf beetles, Chrysolina aurichalcea, Longitarsus succineus, Basilepta fulvipes, and Hamushia konishii were often collected from A. lavandulaefolia. Aphids and leaf beetles showed host specificities. The roles of hemipterans collected from the flowers of A. lavandulaefolia and Erigeron canadensis were questionable.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2017

Objective : This study was designed to evaluate candidate materials as anti-inflammation agent from extracts of various Korean Compositae herbs in Hwaak mountain. Among Korea medicinal herbs, Ainsliaea acerifolia (AA) belongs to the Compositae family, has been used for the treatment of rheumatic arthritis. However, AA has not been previously reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of AA and its underlying molecular mechanisms in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods : Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) was measured with Griess reagent and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and p65 subunit of nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ ($NF-{\kappa}B$) were determined by Western blot analysis. Results : Among 8 extracts of Korean Compositae herbs tested, AA showed the inhibition of NO production without cytotoxicity. Consistent with the observation, AA reduced the expression levels of iNOS and COX-2 proteins in LPS-simulated RAW 264.7 macrophages in dose-dependent manner. In addition, AA inhibited the productions of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 in LPS-simulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. However, AA did not inhibit activation of p65 $NF-{\kappa}B$ in LPS-simulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion : These results suggest that down-regulation of iNOS, COX-2 protein expression and $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 production by AA are responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.196-203
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• 2008

Phytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of the aqueous or methanol extracts from the young sprouts of the six Compositae medicinal plants were determined. Aqueous leachates at 40g dry tissue $L^{-1}$ (g $L^{-1}$) Cirsium japonicum and Aster yomena showed the highest inhibitory effect on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Total phenolic content showed the highest amount in methanol extracts from Ixeris dentata, and followed by A. yomena, and Cephalonoplos segetum. Methanol extracts of C. segetum and I. dentata at 25${\mu}g$ m$L^{-1}$ exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity by 87.2, and 52.8%, respectively. By means of HPLC analysis, MeOH extracts of C. segetum had the highest amount of antioxidant chlorogenic acid. Based on MTT assay, the methanol extracts from Y. sonchifolia ($IC_{50}$ = 65.7${\mu}g$ $mL^{-1}$) showed the highest cytotoxicity against Calu-6. These results suggest that plant extracts had a dose-dependent biological potentials including phytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and anticancer activity, and that their activities exhibited differently depending on plant species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.584-590
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• 2012

Dried $Compositae$ flowers have traditionally been used for the treatment of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress in Korea. This paper investigates the effects of $Compositae$ extracts on the inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer AGS cells, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, and SK-BR-3 cells. The proliferation of AGS cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and SK-BR-3 cells were determined by MTT assay. Several $Compositae$ extracts inhibited proliferation of AGS cells, MDA-MB-231 cells, and SK-BR-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. To assess the apoptosis of $Compositae$ extracts, the nuclei of MDA-MB-231 cells were stained with DAPI. The presence of chromatin condensation in the $Compositae$ extract-treated cells was detected on a fluorescent microscope (${\times}200$). We conducted Western blot analysis of changes in Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 protein expression levels. Apoptosis by $Chrysanthemum$ $zawadskii$ subsp. coreanum, $Chrysanthemum$ $zawadskii$ var. $tenuisectum$ and $Rudbeckia$ $laciniata$ var. $hortensis$ treatment created a decrease in Bcl-2 expression, whereas the expression of Bax and p53 were increased. These results indicate that $Chrysanthemum$ $zawadskii$ $subsp.$ $coreanum$, $Chrysanthemum$ $zawadskii$ var. $tenuisectum$ and $Rudbeckia$ $laciniata$ var. $hortensis$ inhibit breast cancer cell growth through the induction of apoptosis.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.521-525
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• 2003

Phytochemical works on the aerial parts of Aster oharai (Compositae) led to the isolation of a new sesquiterpene hydroperoxide, 7$\alpha$-hydroperoxy-3, 11-eudesmadiene (2) and seven known compounds, teucdiol B (1), $\alpha$-spinasterol (3), oleanolic acid (4), $\alpha$-spinasterol 3-Ο-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (5), methyl 3,5-di-Ο-caffeoyl quinate (6), 3,5-di-Ο-caffeoylquinic acid (7), 3,4-di-Ο-caffeoylquinic acid (8). The chemical structures of 1-8 were established by chemical and spectroscopic methods. Compound 2 showed cytotoxicity against cultured human tumor cell lines in vitro, SK-OV-3 (ovarian), SK-MEL-2 (skin melanoma), and HCT15 (colon) with $ED_{50}$ values ranging from 3.86-17.21 $\mu$g/mL.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2007

Saussurea nipponica subsp. higomontana was recorded first from Mt. Mudeung-san, Gwangju-si, Korea. We named the plant Mu-deung-chui. It had been considered as an endemic plant to Japan. S. nipponica sensu lato is the one of the most famous polymorphic species which consists of 7 infraspecific taxa (subspecies) isolating geographically. Among them, S. nipponica subsp. higomontana is distributed on high mountain regions of Kyushu and Shikoku.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.52-67
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• 2005

The flora of the studied basin in the upper Keum River was listed as 237taxa; 63families, 162genera, 212species, 22varieties and 3forms. Based on the list of the ecosystem disturbance plants by the Ministry of Environment, 4taxa were recorded in the studied basin : Paspalum distichum(Gramineae), Paspalum distichum var. indutum(Gramineae), Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior(Compositae), Ambrosia trifida(Compositae). Naturalized plants was listed as 54taxa; 16families, 41genera, 51species, 3varieties and naturalization index was 22.8percent of 1/4 the vascular plants. Upper Keum River was dominant floristic : indicator species were Salix gracilistyla community, Phragmites japonica community, native plants were Morus alba community, Spiraea prunifolia for. simpliciflora community, planting plants were Populus euramericana community, naturalized plants were Solidago serotina community, Helianthus tuberosus community.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2002

Crepidiastrum lanceolatum ($H_{OUTT}$) $N_{AKAI}$ (Compositae) is distributed in East Asia including Korea. Genetic diversity and population structure of six C. lanceolatum populations in Korea and two populations in Japan were determined using genetic variation at 19 allozyme loci. The percent of polymorphic loci within the enzymes was 42.1%. Genetic diversity at the species level and at the population level was low (Hes : 0.077; Hep : 0.068, respectively), where-as the extent of the population divergence was relatively low ($G_{ST}$ : 0.093). One of the most striking features of this study was the more significant difference within populations than among populations. An indirect estimate of the number of migrants per generation (Nm : 2.44) indicated that gene flow was moderate among eight populations of the species. In addition, analysis of fixation indices revealed a slight heterozygosity deficiency in some populations and at some loci. Narrow geographic ranges, short-lived perennial herbaceous, and small population sizes are mainly associated with the low level of genetic variation.n.