• 경영과학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2008

This study analyzes the changes of Gyeongju local society because of setting up low and intermediate level radioactive waste disposal site by using urban dynamics model. Specifically, after examining 'Gyeongju Long-Term Development Plan' announced in 2007, I establish the number of industries, population, gross local product, residents' income, and the long term employment condition as essential change-causing factors in Gyeongju local society based on the Big3 government project, and forecast it by using 'Gyeongju long-Term Development Plan' and all sorts of statistical data. In this stage, I assume 3 scenarios(basic, optimistic, and pessimistic view) to estimate the changes of local society more exquisitely, and scenarios are composed through mediation about variables of a growth rate and an inflow or outflow rate. The result shows that Gyeonaju local society would have growing changes by 2020. The essential change-causing factors are as follows. The case of population is estimated that it starts going down at the level of approximately 270 thousand by 2009, starts going up continuously after 2009, the year of completion of low and intermediate level radioactive waste disposal site, and increases from the level of about 300 thousand as minimum to 340 thousand as maximum in 2020. The estimates of other cases are made that the number of Industries has about 10 thousand increases, gross local product has almost 6 trillion increases, nominal gross national income doubles, as well as residences have approximately 280 thousand increases, and also made that employment condition also improves continuously, and diffusion ratio of house starts going up but the amount of supplies is a little bit insufficient in the long view.

• 공업화학
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.518-529
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• 1996

본 연구는 폐열 및 태양에너지를 유용하게 이용하기위한 화학열펌프 개발 목적으로 고온영역 히트펌프에서의 원주형 반응기 충진층내 핀을 주입 전열촉진한 경우의 전열 및 반응촉진효과의 이론적 평가를 행하였다. CaO 반응층의 열 및 물질 이동에 관해서 반경방향, 원주방향에 대해 2차원 편미분방정식을 수치 적분하여 핀 주입형 반응층내 반응 및 전열 특성을 조사하였으며, 반응층내 온도분포변화, 반응완결시간, 방열량에 대한 수치해석 결과는 다음과 같다. -. 전열 핀주입에 따른 반응완결 시간이 절반이하로 줄일 수 있다고 한 실험결과와 잘 일치됨을 알 수 있었다. -. 해석결과 열화학 반응은 온도 및 농도에 주로 의존하였고, 경계 조건과 입자 충전층의 열전도도에 의해 크게 좌우되었음을 알 수 있었다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.469-478
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• 2012

Sex hormones have long been considered to play an important role in bone turnover rate, periodontal diseases, and wound healing. We have studied the effect of porcine testis steroid extract (PTSE), an extract of porcine testes, which holds a good ratio of 19-nortestosterone (nandrolone), testosterone, androstenedione, $17{\beta}$-estradiol, and estrone, on the healing rate of a standardized full-thickness linear wound on the back of the rat. Skin punch or carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) laser methods were used to create the deep skin injury in two groups of animals. The animals were treated with the PTSE cream, control cream and Vaseline (control) to find out the effect in re-epithelialization, contraction, and formation of granulation and scar tissues. Histological examination after 21 days showed 100, 87.4, and 80.5% recovery of epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, respectively in the PTSE-treated animals. Similarly, on the 15th day of treatment, complete healing of intact skin was observed in the PTSE cream-treated animals among the laser radiation group. Even though the beginning of re-epithelialization phase and completion of serum crust formation was also observed in the base cream- and Vaseline-treated animals respectively, the complete healing cycle was observed only in the PTSE-treated group. The white blood cell count in the PTSE-treated group showed that PTSE cream is nontoxic to animals.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2012

Background: The C-arm fluoroscope is known as the most important equipment in pain interventions. This study was conducted to investigate the completion rate of education on radiation safety, the knowledge of radiation exposure, the use of radiation protection, and so on. Methods: Unsigned questionnaires were collected from the 27 pain physicians who applied for the final test to become an expert in pain medicine in 2011. The survey was composed of 12 questions about the position of the hospital, the kind of hospital, the use of C-arm fluoroscopy, radiation safety education, knowledge of annual permissible radiation dose, use of radiation protection, and efforts to reduce radiation exposure. Results: In this study, although most respondents (93%) had used C-arm fluoroscopy, only 33% of the physicians completed radiation safety education. Even though nine (33%) had received education on radiation safety, none of the physicians knew the annual permissible radiation dose. In comparing the radiation safety education group and the no-education group, the rate of wearing radiation-protective glasses or goggles and the use of radiation badges or dosimeters were significantly higher in the education group. However, in the use of other protective equipment, knowledge of radiation safety, and efforts to reduce radiation exposure, there were no statistical differences between the two groups. Conclusions: The respondents knew very little about radiation safety and had low interest in their radiation exposure. To make the use of fluoroscopy safer, additional education, as well as attention to and knowledge of practices of radiation safety are required for pain physicians.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1951-1957
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• 2007

A new synthetic strategy based on the acid-base catalyzed sol-gel method was developed for the preparation of a series of mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles. A key feature of the method involves a gradual change in pH (0.8- 9) during the sol-gel transition, which guarantees easy introduction of mesoporosity without relying on the well-established sonochemical or template approach. In addition, this method leads to the exclusive formation of the anatase phase stable enough to the calcination temperature up to 600 oC. The physicochemical properties of the particles in the series were characterized by various spectroscopic and analytical techniques such as wide-angle XRD, SAXRD, BET surface area, FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TGA, and XPS. The photocatalytic efficiency of these materials was investigated for the oxidation of toluene under UV-irradiation. All but T-ad in the series exhibited high photocatalytic activity pushing the reaction into completion within 3 h. The reaction followed the first order kinetics, and the rate reaches as high as 3.9 × 10?2/min which exceeds the one with the commercially available Degussa P-25 by a factor of 3.2. When comparison is made among the catalysts, the reactivity increases with increase in the calcination temperature which in turn increases the crystallinity of the anatase phase, thus revealing the following rate orders: T-3 < T-4 < T-5 < T-6.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전력기술부문
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• pp.14-16
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• 2003

For four decades now KEPCO has experienced an incredible growth rate of over 10% per year in each year. This growth led to the fast development of new facilities, especially in the transmission systems field, and we also managed to gain an enormous amount of experience and technology in the construction and design. With this experience and technology we curbed the electricity demand. Experts now predict that we will enter a new phase in which our growth rate will stagnate and eventually level off. This isn't what KEPCO or any company wants. We are looking for continued growth. In the last decade KEPCO began selling its technology in the generation sector of the electricity business to overseas markets. Sales in the generation sector have been a great success. This decade marks another milestone for KEPCO as overseas sales in the transmission sector began. Our first project, "Myanmar Power System Development Study" and its subsequent successful completion gave us the ammunition necessary to expand in this line of business. This success has also given birth to this paper. KEPCO is still the People's company, but with a new vision. It now hopes to not only sustain a high growth level but to also increase the growth of domestic companies by sharing with them a piece of the proverbial pie, as it ventures forth to be a Global player on the international stage.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2000

8품종 변이체 쌀로부터 전분을 분리하여 몇몇 이화학적 특성을 비교하였다. 일반품종 및 저아밀로오스 변이체 쌀 전분입자의 형태는 다변형인데 비해서 shr 및 분질미 전분입자의 형태는 구형을 나타내고 있었다. 남풍 CB243의 호화개시온도 및 호화종료온도가 특히 높았으며, 분질미 및 남풍 EM90의 호화엔탈피가 다른 품종들에 비해서 높았다. 15% $H_2SO_4$에 대한 가수분해도는 shr.이 가장 높았으며, 남풍 CB243이 가장 낮았다. X선 회절도는 8품종 모두 전형적인 A형이었다. 저아밀로오스 유전자가 도입된 품종일수록 glucoamylase에 의한 효소 가수분해도는 증가하고 있었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to assess hand hygiene (HH) compliance among visitors at a long-term care hospital in South Korea. Methods: The study was conducted at a 502-bed long-term care hospital located in Gyeonggi-do Province. From July 1 to August 15, 2017, including more than 6 weekends and one holiday, a trained observer covertly assessed visitors' HH at all five units (360 beds in total) of the study hospital building until the completion of 1,000 HH opportunities (i.e., 200 opportunities per unit). The modified World Health Organization (WHO) HH observation form was used. Instead of professional categories and the "before clean/aseptic procedure" moment, the estimated age range for each visitor were recorded in four categories: children (<14 years old), adolescents (14~18), adults (19~64), and the elderly (${\geq}65$). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: A total of 1,000 HH opportunities were observed from 766 visitors (an average of 1.31 per visitor) and the overall HH compliance rate was 20.3%. Overall, 53.7% of the HH cases were performed with soap and water. Among the 4 HH moments, the "after body fluid exposure risk" moment showed the highest compliance rate (83.5%); 93.9% used soap and water. The most commonly exposed potential body fluid among visitors was saliva (48.1%). Conclusion: For hospital visitors in long-term care hospitals, HH education programs including HH moments need to be developed and implemented. Further studies are necessary to evaluate visitors' HH compliance in various hospital settings and find the related variables influencing visitors' HH.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2021

국내에 첫 도입된 TBM은 Gripper TBM으로 1985년 구덕 수로터널에 적용되었다. Gripper TBM 도입 초기단계에는 주로 수로터널 중심으로 적용 실적이 많았다(Tunnel Mechanized Construction Design, 2008). 현재 국내에서의 Gripper TBM의 시공범위는 수로터널은 물론이고 지하철, 철도터널, TBM+NATM 확공에 이르기까지 매우 다양하게 적용되고 있다. 해외에서는 Gripper TBM의 적용은 일반적이며, NATM터널 적용 시에도 Gripper TBM의 우수한 굴진율 때문에 탐사터널로 적용하고 완공 후에는 피난터널로 사용한다. 빠른 굴착속도로 인하여 풍화암 이상의 암반구간에서 Gripper TBM의 적용은 장대터널이나 산악터널 계획 시 다수의 작업구를 만들어 발생하는 환경이나 민원문제를 최소화 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 가장 많이 적용되었던 직경 2.6~5.0 m의 Gripper TBM의 월굴진율과 시공싸이클을 분석하여 일반적인 Gripper TBM의 작업과정을 분석하고 월굴진율 300 m/month 이하로 굴진율을 기록했던 프로젝트의 Downtime을 조사·분석하였다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2022

Objectives: Depression is a highly prevalent disease, and the market for antidepressant drugs continues to grow at a steady rate. Although current antidepressants are reported to be effective, because of their low remission rate and side effects, new antidepressants are needed. The use of Banhahubak-tang (BHT) to treat the symptoms of depression is supported by experimental evidence. The proposed study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of BHT in treating depression. Methods: A randomized, waitlist-controlled, parallel clinical trial will be conducted to assess the efficacy of BHT in depression. A total of 84 participants with depression will be randomized into the intervention group or waitlist-control group at a 1:1 ratio. Patients in the intervention group will be administered BHT three times a day for four weeks and followed up for four more weeks after therapy completion. Patients in the waitlist-control group will undergo the same intervention and follow-up after a four-week waiting period. The primary outcome is change in the Korean version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (K-HDRS) scores for major depressive disorders after four weeks. The secondary outcomes include scores on the K-HDRS, Korean Symptom Check List 95 (KSCL-95), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Korean version (STAI-K), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-Korean version (STAXI-K), and the Instrument on Pattern Identifications for Depression and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D). Conclusions: This trial will provide high-quality clinical evidence of the efficacy and safety of BHT in the management of depression.