• 농촌계획
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2023

This study investigated changes in the spatial structure of rural villages in Sayang Village, where accessibility restrictions to island areas were improved, and analyzed the spatial composition of houses according to changes in the living environment. First, despite the island's vulnerable transportation requirements being resolved by the completion of the land and bridge in 2018, the local economy continues to stagnate due to a vicious cycle of local living services and job losses. Second, when a survey of residents' changed living services was conducted through the continuation of the specification map, the scope of living areas was expanded by analyzing the frequency and place of visit of fresh food purchases, use of convenience facilities, and medical visits. Third, it is judged that the naturally formed village is composed of small roads to the inside of the village due to the disorganized street system and the form of walking instead of vehicles. Finally, as a result of analyzing the residential space of houses in fishing villages, the aging rate of houses over 30 years old was 62 (91.2%), and the average area of the first house space built was 65.2m² to 14.1m², an increase of 17.8% of the total area.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 2023

Purpose: The Sinovac and AstraZeneca vaccines are the primary coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in Indonesia. Antibody levels in vaccine-injected individuals will decline substantially over time, but data supporting the duration of such responses are limited. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively evaluate antibody responses resulting from the completion of Sinovac and AstraZeneca administration in Indonesian adults. Materials and Methods: Participants were divided into two groups based on their vaccine type. Both groups were then assessed on the anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) receptor binding domain (anti-SRBD) concentrations. The anti-SRBD level was measured using Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay and analyzed every month until 3 months after the second vaccination. Results: The results presented significant differences (p=0.000) in immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers among the vaccines' measurement duration, where all samples observed a decrease in IgG titers over time. The mean titer levels of anti-SRBD IgG in the group given Sinovac were high in the first month after vaccination and decreased by 55.7% in 3 months. AstraZeneca showed lesser immune response with a slower decline rate. Adverse effects following immunization (AEFI) showed that systemic reactions are the most reported in both vaccines, with a higher percentage in the second dose of AstraZeneca type vaccines. Conclusion: Sinovac induced more significant titers of anti-SRBD IgG 1 month after the second dose but generated fewer AEFIs. In contrast, AstraZeneca generated more AEFIs, in mild to moderate severity, but provided lower levels of anti-SRBD IgG.

• 대한치매학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.130-138
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• 2023

Background and Purpose: Growing evidence has shown that cognitive interventions can mitigate cognitive decline in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, most previous cognitive interventions have been group-based programs. Due to their intrinsic limitations, group-based programs are not widely used in clinical practice. Therefore, we have developed a tablet-based cognitive intervention program. This preliminary study investigated the feasibility and effects of a 12-week structured tablet-based program on cognitive function in patients with MCI. Methods: We performed a single-arm study on 24 patients with MCI. The participants underwent a tablet-based cognitive intervention program 5 times a week over a 12-week period. The primary outcome was changes in cognitive function, measured using the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Packet (CERAD-K). Outcomes were evaluated at baseline, within two weeks of the last program (post-intervention), and at the six-month follow-up session. Results: The completion rate of the tablet-based program was 83.3% in patients with MCI. The program improved cognitive function based on the CERAD-K total score (p=0.026), which was maintained for at least three months (p=0.004). There was also an improvement in the depression scale score (p=0.002), which persisted for three months (p=0.027). Conclusions: Our 12-week structured tablet-based program is feasible for patients with MCI. Furthermore, although further studies with a double-arm design are required, the program appears to be an effective strategy to prevent cognitive decline in patients with MCI.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2023

The aim of this study was to analyze the learning curve of a low-volume veterinary surgeon for laparoscopic salpingectomy of Asiatic black bear. A total of 66 Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) were presented for sterilization using laparoscopic salpingectomy. These 66 bears were divided into three groups of 22 bears according to the order of surgery (A, B, and C groups, 22 bears per group). One veterinarian performed laparoscopic salpingectomy. There was no significant difference in age, body weight, or crown-rump length between groups. The hazard of completion for salpingectomy by 5 minutes was higher (p < 0.0001) in B and C groups than A group, whereas the hazard was not significant different between B and C groups. The factor that affected the hazard of completing salpingectomy by 5 minutes was heart rate, not age or weight. Operation time was 12.61 ± 8.04 minutes for group A, 5.35 ± 4.38 minutes for group B, and 2.80 ± 1.16 minutes for group C. The operation time for salpingectomy shortened over time. However, significant difference in operation time was present only between groups A and C (p = 0.001). The operation time for laparoscopic salpingectomy decreased rapidly for the first 7 bears (p < 0.05). It then decreased gradually until the 66th case. Operation time of laparoscopic salpingectomy was significantly decreased and stabilized after 33 cases (p < 0.05). As a result, the number of bears required for a low-volume veterinary surgeon to be proficient in laparoscopic salpingectomy is 33 or more.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2024

Background: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a key treatment method used with patients in cardiac arrest who do not respond to medical treatment. A critical step in initiating therapy is the insertion of ECMO cannulas. Peripheral ECMO cannulation methods have been preferred for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Methods: Patients who underwent ECPR at Daegu Catholic University Medical Center between January 2017 and May 2023 were included in this study. We analyzed the impact of 2 different peripheral cannulation strategies (surgical cutdown vs. percutaneous cannulation) on various factors, including survival rate. Results: Among the 99 patients included in this study, 66 underwent surgical cutdown, and 33 underwent percutaneous insertion. The survival to discharge rates were 36.4% for the surgical cutdown group and 30.3% for the percutaneous group (p=0.708). The ECMO insertion times were 21.3 minutes for the surgical cutdown group and 10.3 minutes for the percutaneous group (p<0.001). The factors associated with overall mortality included a shorter low-flow time (hazard ratio [HR], 1.045; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.019-1.071; p=0.001) and whether return of spontaneous circulation was achieved (HR, 0.317; 95% CI, 0.127-0.787; p=0.013). Low-flow time was defined as the time from the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to the completion of ECMO cannula insertion. Conclusion: No statistically significant difference in in-hospital mortality was observed between the surgical and percutaneous groups. However, regardless of the chosen cannulation strategy, reducing ECMO cannulation time was beneficial, as a shorter low-flow time was associated with significant benefits in terms of survival.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.152-164
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• 2020

Purpose: To compare long-term disease-free survival (DFS) between patients receiving tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil (S-1) or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (CAPOX) adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for gastric cancer (GC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study enrolled 983 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy with consecutive AC with S-1 or CAPOX for stage II or III GC at 27 hospitals in Korea between February 2012 and December 2013. We conducted propensity score matching to reduce selection bias. Long-term oncologic outcomes, including DFS rate over 5 years (over-5yr DFS), were analyzed postoperatively. Results: The median and longest follow-up period were 59.0 and 87.6 months, respectively. DFS rate did not differ between patients who received S-1 and CAPOX for pathologic stage II (P=0.677) and stage III (P=0.899) GC. Moreover, hazard ratio (HR) for recurrence did not differ significantly between S-1 and CAPOX (reference) in stage II (HR, 1.846; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.693-4.919; P=0.220) and stage III (HR, 0.942; 95% CI, 0.664-1.337; P=0.738) GC. After adjustment for significance in multivariate analysis, pT (4 vs. 1) (HR, 11.667; 95% CI, 1.595-85.351; P=0.016), pN stage (0 vs. 3) (HR, 2.788; 95% CI, 1.502-5.174; P=0.001), and completion of planned chemotherapy (HR, 2.213; 95% CI, 1.618-3.028; P<0.001) were determined as independent prognostic factors for DFS. Conclusions: S-1 and CAPOX AC regimens did not show significant difference in over-5yr DFS after curative gastrectomy in patients with stage II or III GC. The pT, pN stage, and completion of planned chemotherapy were prognostic factors for GC recurrence.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2017

태풍에 의한 조기낙엽과 같은 바람피해 예방을 위해 키위재배에서 이용되고 있는 파풍망의 종류에 따른 과수원 내 미세기상의 차이 및 과실품질과 이듬해 발아, 개화에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 국내 키위재배에서 바람피해 예방을 위해 사용되고 있는 5종류의 파풍 소재를 4.3 m 높이의 철재 하우스 골조의 지붕에 피복하였다. 파풍망 종류에 따른 과원 내 광합성유효광선(PAR) 투과량, 연평균기온 등의 미세기상과 저온요구도 충족여부 및 과실특성을 조사, 비교하였다. 모든 처리에서 4~10월 생육기에 연평균 $400{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$이상의 PAR투과율을 나타내 키위의 최대순동화율에 필요한 광량이 부족하지 않았다. 연평균 기온은 PE필름에서 파풍망에 비해 $1{\sim}2^{\circ}C$높았다. 3가지 모델에 의해 산출된 저온요구도(CU)는 파풍망 종류에 관계없이 1400 CU 이상으로 키위의 발아, 개화에 필요한 저온요구도를 충족하였다. 결과모지 눈의 발아율은 차이가 없었으며, 과중은 PE필름과 백색망 4 mm 피복처리에서 다른 파풍망보다 증가했다. 결론적으로 PAR 투과, 연평균 기온, 과중 등을 종합적으로 고려하면 PE필름과 백색 4 mm 파풍망이 키위 생산에 가장 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2007

본 연구는 양식산 뱀장어 Anguilla japonica의 인위적인 성성숙 처리시기와 번식률과의 상호 관련성을 확인하기 위해 5월(봄)부터 익년 1월(겨울)까지 각 계절별로 수행되었다. 실험어의 인공 성성숙 유도를 위해 암컷($400{\sim}600\;g$) 뱀장어에 salmon pituitary extraction (SPE, 20 mg/fish/week)를 매주 복강에 주사하여 인위적인 성성숙을 유도하였다. 호르몬 처리 $8{\sim}13$주 이후 대부분의 개체들은 난황형성이 완료되었고, $17{\alpha}$, $20{\beta}-dihydroxyprogesteron$ (DHP, $2\;{\mu}g/g$ body weight)를 주사하여 배란을 유도하였다. 수컷 뱀장어($200{\sim}350\;g$)는 human chronic gonadotropin (HCG, 1 IU/g body weight/week)을 매주 복강에 주사하여 정자형성 및 배정을 유도하였고, 이후 상기의 개체들에 대해 자연산란에 의한 수정 및 인공수정을 병행하였다. 배란율, 부상률, 수정률 및 부화율을 포함한 계절별 번식률에 있어서 봄과 여름($5{\sim}7$월)에 인공성성숙을 유도한 실험구가 다른 계절에 비해 높았다. 산란수와 부화 유생수 및 부화유생의 생존일수는 번식률과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구결과, 양식산 뱀장어에 있어서 호르몬 처리에 의한 인공성성숙유도의 시기는 자연계에서 주산란시기인 봄과 여름철이 적합함을 나타내고 있다. 따라서, 양식산 뱀장어의 적절한 인공성성숙시기는 배란율, 부상률, 수정률 및 부화율을 포함한 번식률에 의해 결정할 수 있다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2019

목적: 결핵 전파를 조기에 차단하기 위해서는, 활동성 결핵 환자와 접촉한 사람들을 조사하여 결핵 질환 및 잠복결핵감염을 진단하고 치료하는 것이 매우 중요하며, 국내에서는 민간-공공협력 결핵관리사업을 통해 적극적인 접촉자 조사 활동을 지원하고있다. 본연구에서는최근 3년간단일기관에서이루어진소아청소년연령에서의접촉자검진과소아잠복결핵감염치료 현황에 대해 조사하였다. 방법: 2014년 7월 1일부터 2017년 6월 30일까지 충남대학교병원에서 활동성 결핵 환자로 진단받은 환자들을 대상으로 가족 내 소아청소년 접촉자에 대한 검진을 시행하여 접촉자 검진 완료율 및 결과를 분석하였고, 이와 함께 동일 기간 동안 잠복결핵감염으로 치료 받은 소아청소년 환자들의 치료 현황을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 결과: 연구 기간 동안 본 기관에서 활동성 결핵 환자는 총 1,002명 진단되었고, 그 중 소아청소년 가족접촉자가 있는 환자는 171명이었다. 소아청소년 접촉자 269명 중 20명(7.4%)은 검진을 전혀 받지 않았다. 1차 검진을 받은 249명 중 폐결핵이 1명(0.4%) 진단되었고, 7명(2.8%)은 과거의 결핵 감염 병력이 있었으며, 42명(16.9%)이 잠복결핵감염으로 진단되었다. 2차 검진 시 29명(11.6%)이 추가로 잠복결핵감염으로 진단되었으며, 2차 검진까지 필요하였으나 검진을 완료하지 않은 사람이 61명으로 총 접촉자 269명 중 188명(69.9%)만이 필요한 검진을 완료하였다. 잠복결핵감염으로 치료받은 소아청소년 환자는 90명이었으며 83명(92.2%)이 치료를 완료하였고, 이 중 18명이 발진(8명), 피로(5명), 위장장애(5명) 등의 부작용을 호소하였으나 치료 중단이 필요한 심각한 부작용은 없었다. 결론: 민간-공공협력 결핵관리사업 도입 및 보편화 후에도 소아청소년 연령에서의 결핵 접촉자 검진 완료율은 낮았으며, 잠복결핵감염으로 진단받은 소아의 항결핵제 치료 시 심각한 부작용의 발생 없이 투약 완료율이 높게 나타났다. 향후 결핵 전파의 예방 및 관리를 위해 더욱 적극적인 민관 협동 노력 및 환자, 보호자 교육이 필요하겠다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권5B호
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• pp.942-955
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• 2000

본 논문은 유무선 통합망 환경하에서 대량호에 근거한 지능망 서비스의 호 완료율을 증가시키고 자원을 최적화하기 위한 정보 흐름 및 총괄서비스 로직을 설계한다. 이 로직을 구현하기 위하여 지능망 서비스제거에 호대기 서비스 특징을 적용하기 위한 동적 큐 관리자를 제시하는데, 이것을 유선 가입자뿐만 아니라 이동 단말을 소유한 무선 가입자에게도 적용하기위해 홈위치등록기와 서비스제어기간에 해당 서비스 가입자들의 이동성을 큐 관리자에게 통보하기 위한 서비스 등록 여부 프래그를 관리한다. 따라서, 이동 서비스 가입자가 로밍함에 따른 동적 서비스 그룹핑을 수행하고 M/M/c/K 큐잉 모델에 근거한 큐 길이를 동적으로 관리하여 자원을 최적화 할 수 있는 동적 큐 관리 메커니즘을 제안한다. 동적 큐 관리자에 의해 할당된 큐 길이를 결정하기 위해 서비스 증가율에 따른 가입자 단말 수와 실패율간의 관계 및 그에 따른 큐에서의 적정 대기 시간을 시뮬레이션 및 분석한다. 또한, 동적 큐 관리자를 구성하는 내부 서비스 로직과 SIB들간의 상호동작 및 자료 구조를 설계 및 구현한다.