• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2016

This study analyzes the relation of the consumption values and ethical fashion consumption behavior as well as other influential factors between Korean and German ethical consumers based on the 'Modified Theory of Planned Behavior.' A survey was conducted on female consumers in their 20s and 30s, who experienced ethical fashion consumption in Seoul and Berlin. A factor analysis, reliability analysis, F -test and multiple regression analysis were performed for model verification. The research results indicated that emotional value (in case of Korea) and functional value out of consumption values (in case of Germany) have significant effects in regards to the influence of consumption values on ethical self-identity. The effects of ethical self-identity on ethical fashion consumption behavior indicated that Korean ethical self-identity influenced the ethical fashion consumption behavior of moderating and simplicity and eco-friendly certification versus local consumption as well as above factors (in case of Germany) explained by ethical self-identity. Both variables had a negative moderating effect in Korea in regards to the moderating effects of social comparison and materialism in the relations of ethical self-identity and ethical fashion consumption behavior; however, only materialism was an influential factor in Germany. The results of the research variables by individualism/collectivism indicated that the horizontal-collectivism group showed the highest ethical self-identity along with the lowest materialism tendency that had a high point of consumption behavior towards local consumption. However, the vertical-individualism group was outstanding. The consumption behavior aimed at moderating and simplicity.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-447
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• 2017

This study reveals the components of college women's shopping orientations and compares the attributes of shoes accordingly. This study attempts to investigate the needs of consumers in the target market of young women by comparing the importance of shoe attributes with their shopping orientations and to provide basic data for efficient marketing strategies which could increase sales. Data was collected using a questionnaire survey. Of a total of 330 questionnaires, 319 were used for statistical analysis. The survey was carried out from July to August 2016. The 17 shopping orientation-related questions and 13 questions about shoe purchase attributes were measured using a five-point Likert Scale. SPSS 23 was used to carry out: descriptives, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's test. Shopping orientations were divided between brand orientation, pleasure orientation, trend orientation and utilitarian orientation. Shoe attributes were categorized into ostentation value, product value, economic value and aesthetic value. College women were divided into the following groups: active shopping, passive shopping, rational shopping and conforming shopping. According to the comparison of the importance of shoe attributes by consumer type among college women, a significant difference by group was found in ostentation value and aesthetic value only. Furthermore, the average scores on the importance of product value and economic value were very high without significant differences between groups. The study results would be available as basic data to help improving the visual image of shoes and product quality for brands targeting young women in the fashion industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.362-372
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• 1996

Recently, need for the development of the quantification of subjective evaluation is growing for the production of high-touch and high-tech textile products. In this study, Fuzzy theory is utilized for the evaluation of the wear comfort of the various blouses. Result of a new evaluation method and factor scores, validity of the new evalution technique adopted fuzzy theory was crosschecked with the results of fator analysis and factor scores. As results, fuzzy theory was proved to be adequate methodology to objectify the subjective evaluation of the adequacy of clothing which is worn. When DUNCAN'S multiple comparion among median of the fuzzy composite score were compared with the results of factor score, the sensitivity of the test methods tends to increase. Therefore, it is suggested that fuzzy weighted checklist is an alternative evaluation scale for the subjective comparison of the textile products. In addition, individual median of fuzzy composite score value should be treated by statistical for the sensitive analysis of subjective evalution.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.449-454
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• 2004

As social and cultural value has been changed, customers are demanding equipment innovation of passenger quarters to improve the satisfaction of their needs and the level of transfortation culture. To promote the convenience of passenger and abstract the facilities factor of passenger quarters design, this article analyzed and compared with the facilities factor of passenger quarters which have been operated in domestic and foreign country. While domestic passenger quarters is composed of seat, toilet and washroom, foreign passengers quarters consist of various factor such as familly room, infant room, business room, conversation room, and multipurpose room. Especially, foreign passenger quarters have provided passenger with diversity of attachment space, securing movement line for weak person, and arranging infant/child's space.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare rheological properties of six dental interocclusal recording materials and to investigate the effect of temperature on the rheological properties during setting. Five polyvinylsiloxane materials and one polyether material were investigated in this study. The storage modulus (G') and the loss factor ($tan{\delta}$) were measured from 30s after mixing during setting, using the universal dynamic spectrometer. Viscoelastic properties were evaluated by means of G' and $tan{\delta}$ from 5 repeats at $21^{\circ}C$ and $33^{\circ}C$. Individual changes during setting were also evaluated. All data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and multiple comparison $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test at the significance level of 0.05. The mean of G was checked at $t_{set}$ (the setting time provided from manufacturer) and $t_{300}$ (the end of experimental time) and the mean of $tan{\delta}$ was checked at to and $t_{set}$. Whereas the increase of the G' value showed generally exponential changes at $21^{\circ}C$, the change of the G' value at $33^{\circ}C$ displayed sigmoidal curves during setting. The change of loss factor $tan{\delta}$ during setting varied. Within the limitations of this study, dental interocclusal recording materials had different viscoelastic properties and most of the materials showed different fluidity at $21^{\circ}C$ and $33^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.68-77
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• 2008

When we design the grounding grid, dangerous voltage IEEE Std. 80 method has been commonly used in the domestic area. However there is not appropriative examination of ground design environment. So in this paper, we examined of IEEE Std. 80 touch voltage method's marginal utility and we induced corrective factor for those problems by comparison between IEEE Std. 80 touch voltage value and simulation experimentation value. Moreover, Logistic model's corrective factor we proved the maximum accidental error has reduced less than 10[%].

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.507-526
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• 2017

To infer the true state of a regional product's attributes, consumers use the image they have of the product's region of origin; however, products may have multiple countries of origin in their design, branding, sourcing and manufacturing becuase more products are increasingly a result of multi-firm and multi-country efforts. We examined how the country-of-origin image (country image and product image) affect international consumers' perceived value (function value and symbolic value) and purchase intentions of made-in China goods by extending and deepening the flexible model. Second, to investigate the differences of COO effects according to different types of country-of-origin we divided the traditional country-of-origin into two components: country-of-manufacture (COM) and country-of-brand (COB). We then explore how the impact of China's country image on consumers' perceived value and purchase intentions varies when China is the COM or COB of the same product. Six hypotheses were proposed to test our anticipations. We recruited 800 Korean adult consumers who previously purchased made-in China products to participate in the online investigation. Data analyses were conducted with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling using SPSS and AMOS. The main results are discussed as follows. First, the effects of China's COO image on Korean consumers' perceived value and purchase intentions vary when China is the COM or COB of a product. Second, a positive effect of the function value and symbolic value on the purchase intentions was found. Literature and practical implications of findings are discussed and suggested in the conclusion.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1237-1246
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• 2009

This study was designed to identify and compare the consumption value and interest in appearance with regard to the comparison of men's cosmetics purchase decision factors. We conducted a survey among 259 men who have experienced the re-purchase of men's cosmetics. All data was analyzed with the SPSS Windows 17.0 program in terms of frequency, percentage, means, standard deviations, paired-t test, Cronbach $\alpha$, factor analyses, and multiple regression. In summary, three findings emerged from this study. First, men's cosmetics purchase decision factors included two subfactors: product quality factors (price, quality, skin compatibility, fragrance) and image factors (trend, brand image, consciousness of others, diversion). Second, a paired-t test revealed that the consideration toward the image factors of a first time purchase decision was lower than the re-purchase decision factors. However the consideration toward the product quality factors of a first time purchase decision was not different from the re-purchase decision factors. Third, the product quality factors were positively influenced by distinction factors of appearance and functional value. And social value, emotional value, and curiosity value were found to be effective in the image factors at the first time of purchase and re-purchase. Also, the product quality factors of re-purchase decisions were influenced by the satisfaction of the first time purchase. This study will contribute to provide some information for marketers in understanding men's cosmetics purchase decisions and to offer basic data for marketing strategies and product development.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1990.07a
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• pp.183-186
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• 1990

The lattice mismatch between ZnS and Si is negligible because of its value being 0.39%. In this study, $ZnS/_{(P)}Si$ solar cell were fabricated as a layer of ZnS is epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate by PVD method and its photovoltaic properties were measured and discussed. The heat treatment was done after deposition. As the temperature increased up to a certain value, the film has better perfection in crystal structure and electrical characteristics. Measurments of the change that occur in the ZnS films were made by SEM., X-ray diffraction. The optimal thickness of film showned $0.6{\mu}m$, being measured by SEM. The great improvement of the grain growth ZnS film came out after heat-treatment. The result obtained from the $ZnS/_{(P)}Si$ solar cell as follows:short circuit current; $I_{sc}=54mA/cm^2$,open voltage; $V_{oc}=400mV$, fill factor FF=0.72, conversion efficiency; ${\eta}=15.6%$ under the irradiation of 100 ($mW/cm^2$) focused by solar energy. And these are discussed in comparison with other kinds.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.403-407
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• 2005

Most of the loads in industrial power distribution systems are balanced and connected to three power systems. However, voltage unbalance is generated at the user's 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems with single & three phase. Voltage unbalance is mainly affected by load system rather than power system. Unbalanced voltage will draws a highly unbalanced current and results in the temperature rise and the low output characteristics at the machine. It is necessary to analyse correct voltage unbalance factor for reduction of side effects in the industrial sites. Voltage unbalance is usually defined by the maximum percent deviation of voltages from their average value, by the method of symmetric components or by the expression in a more user-friendly form which requires only the three line voltage readings. If the neutral point is moved by the unbalanced load at the 3-phase 4-wire system. Line and phase voltage unbalance leads to different results due to zero-sequence component. So that it is difficult to analyse voltage unbalance factor by the conventional analytical method, This paper presents a new analytical method for phase and line voltage unbalance factor in 4-wire systems. Two methods indicate exact results.