• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.367-377
• /
• 2015

Atmospheric drag force is an important source of perturbation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) orbit satellites, and solar activity is a major factor for changes in atmospheric density. In particular, the orbital lifetime of a satellite varies with changes in solar activity, so care must be taken in predicting the remaining orbital lifetime during preparation for post-mission disposal. In this paper, the System Tool Kit (STK$^{(R)}$) Long-term Orbit Propagator is used to analyze the changes in orbital lifetime predictions with respect to solar activity. In addition, the STK$^{(R)}$ Lifetime tool is used to analyze the change in orbital lifetime with respect to solar flux data generation, which is needed for the orbital lifetime calculation, and its control on the drag coefficient control. Analysis showed that the application of the most recent solar flux file within the Lifetime tool gives a predicted trend that is closest to the actual orbit. We also examine the effect of the drag coefficient, by performing a comparative analysis between varying and constant coefficients in terms of solar activity intensities.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2011

The atmospheric infrared sounder (AIRS) sensor loaded on the Aqua satellite observes the global vertical structure of atmosphere and enables verification of the water vapor distribution over the entire area of South Korea. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the accuracy of the total precipitable water (TPW) provided as the AIRS level 2 standard retrieval product by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) over the South Korean area using the global positioning system (GPS) TPW data. The analysis TPW for the period of one year in 2008 showed that the accuracy of the data produced by the combination of the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit sensor with the AIRS sensor to correct the effect of clouds (AIRS-X) was higher than that of the AIRS IR-only data (AIRS-I). The annual means of the root mean square error with reference to the GPS data were 5.2 kg/$m^2$ and 4.3 kg/$m^2$ for AIRS-I and AIRS-X, respectively. The accuracy of AIRS-X was higher in summer than in winter while measurement values of AIRS-I and AIRS-X were lower than those of GPS TPW to some extent.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2017

Debris disks are circumstellar dust disks around main-sequence stars. They are important observational clues to understanding the planetary system formation. The zodiacal light is the thermal emission from the dust disk in our Solar system. For a comprehensive understanding of the nature and the evolution of dust disks around main-sequence stars, we try a comparative study of debris disks and the zodiacal light. We search for debris disks using the AKARI mid-infrared all-sky point source catalog. By applying accurate flux estimate of the photospheric emission based on the follow-up near-infrared observations with IRSF, we have improved the detection rate of debris disks. For a detailed study of the structure and grain properties in the zodiacal dust cloud, as an example of dust disks around main-sequence stars, we analyze the AKARI mid-infrared all-sky diffuse maps. As a result of the debris disks search, we found old (>1 Gyr) debris disks which have large excess emission compared to their age, which cannot be explained simply by the conventional steady-state evolution model. From the zodiacal light analysis, we find the possibility that the dust grains trapped in the Earth's resonance orbits have increased by a factor of ~3 in the past ~20 years. Combining these results, we discuss the non-steady processes in debris disks and the zodiacal light.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.68.1-68.1
• /
• 2012

We present a comprehensive study of the stellar populations in two faint M31 dwarf satellites, And XI and And XIII. Using deep archival images from the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) onboard the Hubble Space Telepscope (HST), we characterize the horizontal branch (HB) morphologies and the RR Lyrae (RRL) populations of these two faint dwarf satellites. Our new template light curve fitting routine (RRFIT) detected RRL populations from both galaxies. The mean periods of $RR_{ab}$ (RR0) stars in And XI and And XIII are < $P_{ab}$ > = $0.621{\pm}0.040$, and < $P_{ab}$ > = $0.648{\pm}0.038$ respectively. Even though the RRL populations show a lack of $RR_{ab}$ stars with high amplitudes (Amp(V) > 1.0 mag) and relatively short periods ($P_{ab}$ ~ 0.5 days), their period - V band amplitude (P-Amp(V)) relations track the lower part of the general P-Amp(V) trend in the M31 outer halo RRL populations. The metallicities of $RR_{ab}$ stars were calculated via the [Fe/H]-log $P_{ab}$-Amp(V) relationship of Alcock et al. The metallicities thus obtained ($[Fe/H]_{And}$ $_{XI}=-1.75%$; $[Fe/H]_{And}$ $_{XIII}=-1.74$) are consistent with the values calculated from the RGB slope indicating that our measurements are not significantly affected by the evolutionary effects of RRL stars. We discuss the origins of And XI and And XIII based on a comparative analysis of the luminosity-metallicity (L-M) relation of Local Group dwarf galaxies.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2017

This study investigated the effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and 3D modeling on mine reclamation monitoring. The high spatial resolution of 3.8 cm ortho-mosaic image and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) are constructed based on UAV air survey. The ortho-mosaic image effectively shows mine reclamation activities and recognize objects and topological changes in the image. The comparative analysis of 3D models between UAV based DEM and report based DEM reveals that total amount of $268,672m^3$ additional dumping of contaminated soil is equivalent to 710,000 ton. It concludes that a UAV based survey enables high accuracy spatial information extraction for mine reclamation activities with high efficiency. It is expected that UAV survey will be very effectively used for preliminary data acquisition and project monitoring for mine reclamation activities.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.47.2-47.2
• /
• 2016

The protons and helium ions in the solar wind are observed to possess anisotropic temperature profiles. The anisotropy appears to be limited by various marginal instability conditions. One of the efficient methods to investigate the global dynamics and distribution of various temperature anisotropies in the large-scale solar wind models may be that based upon the macroscopic quasi-linear approach. The present paper investigates the proton and helium ion anisotropy instabilities on the basis of comparison between the quasi-linear theory versus particle-in-cell simulation. It is found that the overall dynamical development of the particle temperatures is quite accurately reproduced by the macroscopic quasi-linear scheme. The wave energy development in time, however, shows somewhat less restrictive comparisons, indicating that while the quasi-linear method is acceptable for the particle dynamics, the wave analysis probably requires higher-order physics, such as wave-wave coupling or nonlinear wave-particle interaction. We carried out comparative studies of proton firehose instability, aperiodic ordinary mode instability, and helium ion anisotropy instability. It was found that the agreement between QL theory and PIC simulation is rather good. It means that the quasilinear approximation enjoys only a limited range of validity, especially for the wave dynamics and for the relatively high-beta regime.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.13-28
• /
• 2019

This study analyzed precipitation environment, heavy metal contamination, and mineral composition of white, reddish brown and mixed precipitates occurring at the Osip stream drainage, Gangwondo. Furthermore, spectral characteristics of the precipitates associated with heavy metal contamination and mineral composition was investigated based on spectroscopic analysis. The pH range of the precipitates was 4.43-6.91 for white precipitates, 7.74-7.94 for reddish brown precipitates, and 7.59-7.9 for the mixed precipitates, respectively. XRF analysis revealed that these precipitates were contaminated with Ni, Cu, Zn, and As. The white precipitates showed high Al concentration compared to reddish brown precipitates as much as 3.3 times, and the reddish brown precipitates showed high Fe concentration compared to white precipitates as much as 15 times. XRD analysis identified that the mineral composition of the white participates was aluminocoquimbite, gibbsite, quartz, saponite, and illite, and that of reddish brown precipitates was aluminum isopropoxide, kaolinite, goethite, dolomite, pyrophyllite, magnetite, quartz, calcite, pyrope. The mineral composition of the mixed precipitates was quartz, albite, and calcite. The spectral characteristics of the precipitates was manifested by gibbsite, saponite, illite for white precipitates, goethite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite for reddish brown precipitates, and albite for the mixed precipitates, respectively. The spectral reflectance of the precipitates decreased with increase in heavy metal contamination, and absorption depth of the precipitates indicated that the heavy metal ions were adsorbed to saponite and illite for white precipitates, and goethite and magnetite for reddish brown precipitates.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.188-199
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the tendency of inquiry of earth science content presented in North Korean textbooks of the 2013 National curriculum using Romey's method, and to help use as basic data for better understanding earth science education in North Korea. The content of earth science in the text, figure, question, and activity index of textbooks of Natural Science 1 and 2, Chosun Geography 2 of elementary junior high school, and of Geography 1 of advanced junior high school were all analyzed using Romey's method. The results of this study were as follows: First, the atmospheric science question and the astronomy text showed the tendency of inquiry type. Second, the proportion of oceanography was relatively small. Third, there were many non-inquiry questions or excessive inquiry questions, and both types of questions needed to be balanced. Fourth, there were a tendency that did not emphasize inquiry learning. Finally, the quantitative and qualitative level of inquiry tendency should be improved. In this paper, we propose to use a qualitative method when analyzing earth science content in North Korean textbooks, and suggested that we should further study the comparative analysis of inquiry tendency of earth science content using South and North Korean textbooks.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.313-324
• /
• 2015

This study constructed a 3D geological model for Uggi Nuur Fe-Mn mineralization zone in Mongolia, and the 3D geological distribution is cross-analyzed with magnetic anomaly distribution to figure out relationship between ore zone and subsurface geology. As a result of 4 step 3D modeling procedures including geological cross section, surface modeling, foliation modeling and solid modeling, the geology of the both study area is bordered by faults in NW direction with Munguntessj formation being located in the west side of the fault while Yashill formation is located on the other side of the fault. Moreover, the strike direction of foliation in the both formation shows same directional pattern with the NW faults. The magnetic anomaly distribution reveals that higher anomaly values are concentrated to near the ground surface. The analyses of 3 dimensional distribution between subsurface geology and magnetic anomaly indicates that higher anomaly is mainly distributed over the Munguntessj formation as a elongated lens bodies whereas the magnetic anomaly is evenly found in the both of Munguntessj formation and Yashill formation in the study area 2. It infers that volcanic activities associated mineralization occurred during silurian period, and the mineralized zone is thought to be realigned along the geological structures caused by later stage tectonic activities.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.118-143
• /
• 2023

Space is becoming more commercialized. Despite of its delayed start-up, space activities in Korea are attracting more nation-wide supports from both investors and government. May 25, 2023, KSLV II, also called Nuri, successfully transported, and inserted seven satellites to a sun-synchronous orbit of 550 km altitude. However, Starlink has over 4,000 satellites around this altitude for its commercial activities. Hence, it is necessary for us to constantly monitor the collision risks of these satellites against resident space objects including Starlink. Here we report a quantitative research output regarding the conjunctions, particularly between the Nuri satellites and Starlink. Our calculation shows that, on average, three times everyday, the Nuri satellites encounter Starlink within 1 km distance with the probability of collision higher than 1.0E-5. A comparative study with KOMPSAT-5, also called Arirang-5, shows that its distance of closest approach distribution significantly differs from those of Nuri satellites. We also report a quantitative analysis of collision-avoiding maneuver cost of Starlink satellites and a strategy for Korea, being a delayed starter, to speed up to position itself in the space leading countries. We used the AstroOne program for analyses and compared its output with that of Socrates Plus of Celestrak. The two line element data was used for computation.