• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the training and detraining effects of a 8-week water exercise on lower extremities coordination during obstacle gait in the female elderly. Eight elderly participants (age: $76.58{\pm}4.97$ yrs, height: $148.88{\pm}7.19$ cm, body mass: $56.62{\pm}6.82$ kg, and leg length: $82.36{\pm}2.98$ cm), who stayed at the Seoul K welfare center, were recruited for this study. All participants had no history of orthopedic abnormality within the past 1 year and completed the aquatic exercise program which lasted for 8 weeks. To identify the training and detraining effect of 8 weeks of water exercise, a 3-D motion analysis with 7 infrared cameras and one force plate sampling frequency set at 100 Hz and 1,000 Hz, respectively, was performed. A two-way ANOVA was performed to find training and detraining effects among diferent obstacle heights. In this study significant level was set at .05. Significant training effects of LTS (lead foot thigh and shank) coordination in all obstacle height were found (p<.05). It is also found that the training effect of LTS remained 37%, 58%, and 25% in obstacle height of 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively. Lead foot showed the greater detraining effect of coordination compared with trail foot, and SF (shank and foot) coordination revealed better detraining effects of coordination compare with TS (thigh and shank) in both feet. Based on the findings, a 8 week water exercise give an positive effects to the elderly in terms of segment cooperation which potentially helps reducing their accident falls. The magnitude of detraining may also help the elderly to find the retraining moment.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of EFT-I(EFT program for insomnia) for insomnia in the elderly as a preliminary study. Methods : This study was a single group pre-post comparative study that involved 10 elderly women(mean age=$76.3{\pm}4.29$), who visited a senior welfare center, complained of insomnia symptoms. Subjects received 8 sessions(twice a week for 4 weeks and 1 hour for each session) of EFT-I group training. Insomnia severity, depression, state-anxiety, and life satisfaction of each subject were evaluated twice at pre and post of EFT-I. Korean Sleep Scale, Short form of Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI), and life satisfaction scale were used as evaluation tools. The data were analyzed using paired-samples T-test. Results : Insomnia severity, life satisfaction, depression, and state-anxiety were significantly improved by EFT-I. Conclusions : Result of this study showed that EFT-I can be a useful treatment program for elderly insomnia. Larger clinical trials are needed to verify effect of EFT-I as a community based insomnia management program for the elderly.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2021

Background: The clinical significance of lip-tie, or a tethered maxillary frenulum, remains under debate. Clinicians and parents are often perplexed when deciding whether procedures available to relieve a seemingly tight or severe maxillary frenulum are needed. Purpose: No previous studies have assessed the consequences of not subjecting a tethered maxillary frenulum in newborns to surgical intervention. This study aimed to contribute the first prospective trial on this topic with a relatively extended follow-up of these newborn infants. Methods: This prospective observational questionnaire-based cohort trial was performed in a community setting and aimed to determine whether lip-tie is associated with an increased likelihood of eventual feeding or oral disorders. Results: The convenience sample comprised of 61 consecutively arriving infants with concomitant tethered frenula who were treated at the clinic for various reasons. This cohort was compared with a random sample of 66 age-matched children for a mean follow-up period of 6.42 years. Infants undergoing oropharyngeal procedures were excluded. Awareness of a deviation in oral structures was reported by 18% of the study group versus 0% of the controls. Mothers participating in the study group (24.6%) less frequently recalled painful nipples or discomfort during breastfeeding than those in the control group (47.0%) (P<0.01). There were no intergroup differences in other types of feeding difficulty, dental hygiene, pronunciation, or speech development. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a tethered labial frenulum is not associated with an increase in breastfeeding disturbances or oral disorders. These data encourage clinicians to question the need to intervene in cases of tethered maxillary frenula.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2019

The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is becoming an increasingly popular means to model wind flows in and around buildings. The first published application of CFD to both indoor and outdoor building airflows was in the 1970's. Since then, CFD usage has expanded to include different aspects of building design. Wind tunnel testing (WTT) on buildings for wind loads goes back as far as 1908. Gustave Eiffel built a pair of wind tunnels in 1908 and 1912. Using these he published wind loads on an aircraft hangar in 1919 as cited in Hoerner (1965 - page 74). The second of these wind tunnels is still in use today for tests including building design ($Damljanovi{\acute{c}}$, 2012). The Empire State Building was tested in 1933 in smooth flow - see Baskaran (1993). The World Trade Center Twin Towers in New York City were wind tunnel tested in the mid-sixties for both wind loads, at Colorado State University (CSU) and the [US] National Physical Laboratory (NPL), as well as pedestrian level winds (PLW) at the University of Western Ontario (UWO) - Baskaran (1993). Since then, the understanding of the planetary boundary layer, recognition of the structures of turbulent wakes, instrumentation, methodologies and analysis have been continuously refined. There is a drive to replace WTT with computational methods, with the rationale that CFD is quicker, less expensive and gives more information and control to the architects. However, there is little information available to building owners and architects on the limitations of CFD for flows around buildings and communities. Hence building owners, developers, engineers and architects are not aware of the risks they incur by using CFD for different studies, traditionally conducted using wind tunnels. This paper will explain what needs to happen for CFD to replace wind tunnels. Ultimately, we anticipate the reader will come to the same conclusion that we have drawn: both WTT and CFD will continue to play important roles in building and infrastructure design. The most pressing challenge for the design and engineering community is to understand the strengths and limitations of each tool so that they can leverage and exploit the benefits that each offers while adhering to our moral and professional obligation to hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.515-526
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• 2021

The frequency of typhoons and torrential rainfalls has increased due to climate change, and the concurrent risk of breakage of dams and reservoirs has increased due to structural aging. To cope with the risk of dam breakage, a more accurate emergency action plan (EAP) must be established, and more advanced technology must be developed for the prediction of flooding. Hence, the present study proposes a method for establishing a more effective EAP by performing flood and inundation analyses using one- and two-dimensional models. The probable maximum flood (PMF) under the condition of probable maximum precipitation (PMP) was calculated for the target area, namely the Gyeong-cheon reservoir watershed. The breakage scenario of the Gyeong-cheon reservoir was then built up, and breakage simulations were conducted using the dam-break flood forecasting (DAMBRK) model. The results of the outflow analysis at the main locations were used as the basis for the one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) flood inundation analyses using the watershed modeling system (WMS) and the FLUvial Modeling ENgine (FLUMEN), respectively. The maximum inundation area between the Daehari-cheon confluence and the Naeseong-cheon location was compared for each model. The 1D flood inundation analysis gave an area of 21.3 km², and the 2D flood inundation analysis gave an area of 21.9 km². Although these results indicate an insignificant difference of 0.6 km² in the inundation area between the two models, it should be noted that one of the main locations (namely, the Yonggung-myeon Administrative and Welfare Center) was not inundated in the 1D (WMS) model but inundated in the 2D (FLUMEN) model.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2019

The Baekdudaegan protected area is a regulatory-oriented policy that does not consider the residents, and has been affected by the shrinking of local economy and the reduction of community activities. In order to minimize the damages, Baekdudaegan resident support programs has been implemented but various problems have been pointed out failing to lead to local revitalization. In addition, the zoning districts consists only of the core district and buffer district, which makes it more difficult to improve the lives and satisfy the needs of residents due to the stricter regulations. This study suggests the revitalization of Baekdu-daegan protected area by reforming the zoning system of Baekdu-daegan protected area. Considering related plans and systems, legal validity, residents' repulsion, area, etc., four reorganization plans were drawn according to each strength and weakness. Principles, additional permissible activities, example of amendment to 'Baekdudaegan Protection Act' according to each plan were also presented. The results of this study can contribute to the improvement of income and welfare of the residents in Baekdudaegan protected area. However, further research is needed because it is a limitation that the specific scope of the proposed plans could not be set.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제35권
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• pp.10.1-10.10
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper was to review the problems relating to Korea's occupational health services and suggest ways to improve them. Korea can be classified as a welfare state type of conservative corporatism partially interwoven with liberalism. While experiencing compressed economic growth, the economic sectors of developed (excess areas) and developing (deficient areas) countries are interwoven. Therefore, it is necessary to perfect conservative corporatism along with a complementary reinforcement of liberal contents and to apply a multilayered approach focusing on complementing the deficient areas. It is essential to form a national representative indicator related to occupational health, and a strategy for selection and concentration is needed. The proposed central indicator is the occupational health coverage rate (OHCR), which is the number of workers who have applied for mandatory occupational health services under the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the numerator with the total working population in the denominator. This paper proposes ways to raise the OHCR, which is currently at the level of 25%-40%, to 70%-80%, which is the level of Japan, Germany, and France. To achieve this target, it is necessary to focus on small businesses and vulnerable workers. This is an area of market failure and requires the active input of community-oriented public resources. For access to larger workplaces, the marketability of services should be strengthened and personal intervention using digital health resources should be actively attempted. Taking a national perspective, work environment improvement committees with tripartite (labor, management, and government) participation for improvement of the working environment need to be established at the center and in the regions. Through this, prevention funds linked to industrial accident compensation and prevention could be used efficiently. A national chemical substance management system must be established to monitor the health of workers and the general public.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.857-874
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• 1998

The objective of this study is to collect the opinions on the present condition and the improvement directions of urban health centers from and to make a comparison. Samples were drawn from the various sources of a district in seoul. 53 persons involved in district health's administration(the Members of a District Parliament, the senior officials of a District office, village chief) and 84 health center workers were surveyed with anonymous postal questionaires and 427 district private medical personnels with postal questionaires and 625 users of a health center with direct questionaires, from November 18 to 25, 1996. Additionally, 12,151 households were surveyed with self-reported questionaires including priorities on special district health services of health center, from September 1 to 7, 1996. The major findings were as follows : 1) Although the persons involved in district health administration tend to put lower priority on health service over other community activities, they well acknowledged the importance of health center. But health center workers strongly acknowledged the importance of both health service and heath center. 2) As to the level of human resoureces, equipments and ammenities of Health Center commpared with private medical institute, the persons involved in district health's administration and health center workers responded that health center was higher in following order : 54.9%, 41.6%, 36.5% and 88.0%, 80.7%, 44.1%. 3) Concerning the priorities of health center's improvement, the persons involved in district health's administration replied in the order of reinforcement of proffesional health workers (43.3%), improvement of equipments and ammenities(28.3%), and the health center workers replied in the order of reconstruction of organization(24.1%), public health education and promotion(22.8%), reinforcement of proffesional health workers(21.0%). 4) Both the persons involved in district health's administration and health center workers replied that Ministry Health and Welfare, District office, health center were essential as the most critical organizations in the activation of Health Center's Function. 5) Persons involved in district health's administration and health center workers chose, as the most important health center's Function, medical treatment and prevention of infectious disease, and prevention of acute and chrone disease control and special district health service, respectively. Both Groups replied that fammily planning and parasite control are no longer in need. 6) As the future health service requiring reinforcement, every human resources parties considered health conselling, health line, sex education as the most imortant elements in public health education. Concerning the reinforement of other health services such as medical checkup and visiting nurses, every human resources parties showed more than 80% approval rate, but for oriental medical care service, the private medical personels showed relatively low approval rate(52.9%). Therefore the planning for reinforcement of health center's function requires the reflection of human resources party's opinion and the implication of system which can control and combine the differences in party's opinions.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제67권3호
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• pp.203-225
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• 2015

노인장기요양보험 도입으로 돌봄서비스는 크게 성장하였지만, '우리가 과연 충분히 좋은 돌봄을 하고 있는가'라는 질문에 대해서는 긍정적 대답을 하기 어렵다. 이 연구는 우리 사회가 좋은 돌봄을 실현하기 위해서는 어떠한 조건이 필요한가를 파악하는 데 목적이 있다. 이 연구에서는 좋은 돌봄을 창출하는 필요조건과 저해하는 상황이 무엇인지에 대하여 현실적인 지식을 습득하기 위한 방안으로 포커스그룹 인터뷰(FGI)를 활용하였다. 포커스그룹 인터뷰는 요양보호사와 기관장을 대상으로 2014년 1월부터 3월까지 총 3회에 걸쳐서 진행하였으며, 인터뷰마다 3시간 정도 소요되었다. 분석 결과, 좋은 돌봄의 필요조건은 적극적 소통을 통한 상호 이해와 인정, 상호신뢰하고 존중하는 좋은 관계 맺기, 요양보호사의 전문성, 센터 관리자의 전문성, 가족-노인-요양보호사의 3각 파트너십으로 분석되었다. 반면, 좋은 돌봄의 저해요인은 사회적 인정을 받지 못하는 돌봄노동, 돌봄노동의 무정형성과 남용, 요양보호사 및 관리자의 비전문성, 가족의 부적절한 간섭과 무관심, 장기요양환경의 구조적 제약으로 분석되었다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.281-299
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• 2008

지역사회 정신건강 서비스 지원을 수반하는 독립주거 (Supported Housing)는 정신장애인들에게 더 나은 삶의 질, 독립성, 지역사회 통합의 기회를 제공하는 이상적이고도 실현 가능한 주거모델로 간주되어 오고 있다. 그러나 독립주거의 긍정적 결과물 가운데 하나인 삶의 질과 관련된 요인들에 대한 선행연구는 부족하다. 본 연구는 개인 및 환경적 요인들과 독립주거에 거주하는 정신장애인들의 삶의 질과의 관계에 대하여 분석하는 것이 주목적이다. 이 목적을 위해 본 연구는 미국 펜실베니아주 필라델피아시의 독립주거 프로그램인 SIL(Supported Independent Living)에 거주하는 237명의 중증 정신장애인을 연구대상으로 하고 있다. 연구자료는 연구 참여자들과의 인터뷰, 정신건강 서비스 행정데이터 및 2000년도 미국 센서스 자료가 사용되었으며 다중 회귀분석을 이용하여 인적자원, 주거환경, 지원 프로그램, 서비스 요인과 삶의 질과의 관계를 분석하였다. 연구결과 정신건강 진단, 정신질환 수준, 신체 및 정신건강 상태, 그리고 프로그램 관리자와의 우호적 관계가 삶의 질과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 파악된 삶의 질과 관련된 요인들은 중증 정신장애인들의 더 나은 삶의 질을 통한 안정된 독립생활에 대한 욕구를 충족시켜 줄 수 있는 지역사회 서비스 계획 및 정책 개발에 도움을 줄 것이다.