• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.392-402
• /
• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 남자 독거노인과 여자 독거노인을 대상으로 사회 물리적 환경 만족도, 사회적 연결망, 사회활동의 정기적 참여, 주관적 건강수준, 우울감을 중심으로 행복의 예측요인을 확인하는 것이다. 이 연구의 대상자는 '2017년 지역사회 건강조사' 자료로부터 총 2,768명을 최종 선정하였다. 이 연구의 자료분석은 Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, 다변량 로지스틱 회귀분석을 활용하였다. 대상자의 일반적 특성은 남자는 605명(21.86%), 여자는 2,163명(78.14%)이었다. 이 연구결과, 남자 독거노인의 유의한 행복 예측요인은 월평균 수입(OR=2.363, 95% CI=1.473-3.791), 기초생활수급권자 여부(OR=1.903, 95% CI=1.144-3.167), 이웃과의 신뢰(OR=2.018, 95% CI=1.263-3.225), 종교활동 참여(OR=2.098, 95% CI=1.314-3.349), 주관적 건강수준(OR=2.753, 95% CI=1.217-6.228), 우울감(OR=0.852, 95% CI=0.803-0.905)이었다. 여자 독거노인의 유의한 행복 예측요인은 월평균수입(OR=2.407 95% CI=1.362-4.253), 기초생활수급권자 여부(OR=1.350, 95% CI=1.019-1.788), 친구와의 접촉빈도(OR=1.879, 95% CI=1.323-2.669), 종교활동 참여(OR=1.372, 95% CI=1.124-1.676), 여가/레저 활동 참여(OR=1.608, 95% CI=1.161-2.228), 주관적 건강수준(OR=5.327, 95% CI=1.347-21.070), 우울감(OR=0.864, 95% CI=0.840-0.890)으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 남자 독거노인과 여자 독거노인의 행복에 영향을 미치는 특성을 고려하여 행복 증진 프로그램이 개발되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국철학논집
• /
• 제28호
• /
• pp.183-212
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 학교 폭력 예방 교육을 인성교육 및 사회·정서적 능력 함양 교육과 연계시킴으로써 학교 폭력을 조기에 감지하고 다양한 형태로 분화되어 나갈 수 있는 폭력의 유형에 장기적이고 효율적으로 대처할 수 있는 프로그램을 개발하고 효과성을 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 아울러 인성교육과 도덕교육의 통합, 기타 교과 및 잠재적 교육과정, 가정, 지역사회와의 통합을 전제로 프로그램을 구성함으로써 어떠한 장소와 상황에서도 정서 및 폭력 예방교육을 진행할 수 있도록 하였다. 프로그램은 총 4개의 대주제와 10개의 소주제 아래에 모두 20회 차의 교안으로 구성되어 있어 프로그램의 완성도나 교육의 연속성 측면에서 완전성을 구현하고 있다. 기존의 여타 프로그램들이 단발성에 그치거나 10회 차를 넘지 않는 것과 비교해 볼 때, 장기적인 교육 프로그램으로서 기능과 상황에 맞는 선택적 교육에 효율적이다. 프로그램의 장점으로는 ① 연계성(連繫性), ② 통합성(統合性), ③ 현장성(現場性), ④ 실효성(實效性), ⑤ 용이성(容易性), ⑥ 완정성(完整性), ⑦ 목표성(目標性)을 들 수 있다. 물론 프로그램 시연 결과 본 연구에서 개발한 학교폭력 예방 프로그램은 보완해야 할 사항들도 제기되었지만, 충분한 시간이 제공된다면 초등학교 학생들에게서 일반적으로 나타나는 언어폭력과 따돌림 등의 학교폭력 발생을 억제하고 예방하는 데 도움이 되고, 공감이나 타인배려, 분노억제 등의 영역에서도 효과가 발생할 것이라는 예상을 해 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 본 프로그램의 적용이 확대되고 폭력 예방교육이 활성화되기 위해서는 다음과 같은 사항들이 고려되어야 한다. 첫째, 학생들의 발달 시기에 적합한 교육 프로그램이 필요할 뿐만 아니라 일반 학생과 고위험군 학생을 대상으로 하는 후속 프로그램이 연구 개발되어야 할 것이다 둘째, 본 프로그램은 20차시로 이루어져 있어서 제대로 효과를 보기 위해서는 충분한 양의 교육시간이 보장되어야 한다. 셋째, 본 프로그램을 실시하기 전에 최소 한 차례 이상의 교사 연수 기회를 갖는 것이 프로그램의 효과를 극대화할 수 있는 방법이라 생각된다. 넷째, 프로그램 시작 시 학부모 설명회를 하거나 단원의 전개 시 학부모에게 편지를 보내 협력을 구할 필요가 있다. 다섯째, 사회 정서기술 관련 교육이 위기의 청소년이나 반사회적 행동을 반복하는 청소년들에게만 필요한 것이라는 인식은 지나치게 협소하다. 문제된 학생을 대상으로 한 선별적 상담지원이나 기술교육이 필요하지만 보다 효과적인 되려면 학교와 교실 환경의 개선과 지원이 요구된다. 여섯째, 지역공동체의 문화적 신념과 규범을 반영할 필요가 있다. 사회·문화적으로 적합하게 예방프로그램을 계획하는 일은 중요하다. 결국 예방교육의 효과성을 보장하기 위해서는 양질의 프로그램을 개발해야 할 뿐 아니라 프로그램을 지역사회의 요구에 맞게, 프로그램의 취지와 방법을 잘 아는 사람이, 청소년의 발달시기에 맞게 시행하고, 그 결과를 평가하여 프로그램을 개선하고 교육방법을 개선해 나가는 데 달려 있다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.13-32
• /
• 1998

A questionaire was conducted to obtain ran satisfactions in information of the 325 disabled persons among the total 9,314 handicapped people in Taejon area, and was surveyed during the period of June 1 to August 31, 1997. The results are as follows: 1. Among the studied disabled persons, $54.5\%$ of male, and $45.5\%$ of female. 2. Before disabled in occupation, $32.0\%$ of out of work group were high, $6.5\%$ of farm, student group were low. Before disabled in occupation by gender, male group is $29.9\%$ of out of work group were high, $0.6\%$ of housework group were low. female group is$34.5\%$ of out of work group were high, $4.7\%$ of student group were low(P<0.001). 3. After disabled in occupation, $75.1\%$ of out of work group wert high, $10.8\%$ of in working group were low. After disabled in occupation by gender, male group is $87.6\%$ of out of work group were high, $1.7\%$ of housework group were low. female group is $60.1\%$ of out of work group were hgh, $10.8\%$ of in working group were low(P<0.001). 4. Medical security status, $64.9\%$ of medical aid group wore high, $35.1\%$ of medical insurance group were low. Medical security status by gender, male group is $71.2\%$ of medical aid group were high, $28.8\%$ of medical insurance group were Iew. female group is $57.4\%$ of medical aid group wan high, $42.6\%$ of medical insurance were low(P<0.01). 5. Disabled record status, $68.6\%$ of record group were high, $31.4\%$ of non group were low. Disabled record status by gender, male group is $78.5\%$ of record group were high, $21.5\%$ of non record group were low. female group is $56.6\%$ of record group were high, $43.4%$ of non record group were low(P<0.001). 6. Disabled duration status, $42.2\%$ of loss than 9 year group were high, $10.2\%\;of\;20-29,\;30-39$ year group were low. Disabled duration status by gender,'male group is $44.6\%$ of less than 9 year group were high, $6.2\%$ of 20-29 year group wert low. female group is $39.2\%$ of less than 9 year were high, $39.2\%$ of 30-39 year group were low (P<0.05). 7. Cause of disabled status, $26.5\%$ of other group, $23.7\%$ of congenital group were high. $9.2\%$ of unknown group, $6.8\%$ of industry accident, $2.5\%$ of drug poisoning group were low. Cause of disabled status by gender, male group is $27.7\%$ of other group, $23.7\%$ of congenital group were high, $2.3\%$ drug poisoning group were low. female group is $25.0\%$ of other group, $20.9\%$ of congenital group were high, $2.5\%$ of drug poisoning group were low (P<0.001). 8. Disabled type status, $19.4\%$ of double disabled group were high, $2.2\%$ of muscle paralysis group were low. Disabled type status by gender, male group is $22.0\%$ of double disabled group were high, $2.3\%$ of muscle paralysis group were low. female group is $23.3\%$ of rheumatism group were high, $0.7\%$ of amputation group were low(P<0.001). 9. Smoking status, $73.2\%$ of non smoking group were high, $26.8\%$ of smoking group were low. Smoking status by gender, male group is $59.9\%$ of double non smoking group were high, $40.1\%$ of Smoking group were low, female group is $89.2\%$ of non smoking group were high, $10.8\%$ of smoking group were low(P<0.001). 10. Drinking status, $80.0\%$ of non drinking group were high, $20.0\%$ of drinking group were low. Drinking status by gender, male group is $72.3\%$ of non drinking group were high, $27.7\%$ of drinking group were low. female group is $89.2\%$ of non drinking group were high, $10.8\%$ of drinking group were low(P<0.001). 11. Stress level status, $52.9\%$ of high stress group were high, $1.8\%$ of very severe stress group were low. Stress level status by gender, male group is $50.8\%$ of high stress group were high, $2.3\%$ of very severe stress group were low. female group is $55.4\%$of high stress group were high, $1.4\%$ of very severe stress group were low. 12. Heed status, $28.0\%$ of economic support were high, $4.6\%$ of speech therapy, brace group were low. Need status by Sender, male group is $2i2\%$ of economic support group were high, $4.5\%$ of bracegroup were low. female group is$27.7\%$ of economic support group were high, $3.4\%$ of speech therapy group were low. 13. Care satisfaction comparision, 3.09, 0.55 point of IBR, 4.01, 0.45 point of CHR(P<0.001). 14. The variables which had positive correlation with IBR were gender(r=0.1406, P<0.01), age(r=0.1872, p<0.001), economic level(r=0.1246, P<0.05), disabled record(r=0.1137, P<0.05), education level(r=-0.1122. p<0.05). 15. The variables which had positive : correlation with CBR were gender(r=0.1613, P<0.01), age(r=0.2255, P<0.001). list of family(r=0.12i3, P<0.01), disabled record(r=0.1273, P<0.05). education level(r=-0.1294, P<0.01).

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.65-87
• /
• 1981

The study is aimed at exploring concept held by clinical nurses of nursing. The data were collected from 225 nurses conviniently selected from the population of nurses working in Kang Won province. Findings include. 1) Nurse's Qualification. The respondents view that specialized knowledge is more important qualification of the nurse. Than warm personality. Specifically, 92.9% of the respondents indicated specialized knowledge as the most important qualification while only 43.1％ indicated warm personality. 2) On Nursing Profession. The respondents view that nursing profession as health service oriented rather than independent profession specifically. This suggests that nursing profession is not consistentic present health care delivery system nor support nurses working independently. 3) On Clients of Nursing Care The respondents include patients, family and the community residents in the category of nursing care. Specifically, 92.0％ of the respondents view that patient is the client, while only 67.1％ of nursing student and 74.7％ of herself. This indicates the lack of the nurse's recognition toward their clients. 4) On the Priority of Nursing care. Most of the respondents view the clients physical psychological respects as important component of nursing care but not the spiritual ones. Specially, 96.0% of the respondents indicated the physical respects, 93% psychological ones, while 64.1% indicated the spiritual ones. This means the lack of comprehensive conception on nursing aimension. 5) On Nursing Care. 91.6% of the respondents indicated that nursing care is the activity decreasing pain or helping to recover illness, while only 66.2% indicated earring out the physicians medical orders. 6) On Purpose of Nursing Care. 89.8% of the respondents indicated preventing illness and than 76.6% of them decreasing 1;ai of clients. On the other hand, maintaining health has the lowest selection at the degree of 13.8%. This means the lack of nurses' recognition for maintaining health as the most important point. 7) On Knowledge Needed in Nursing Care. Most of the respondents view that the knowledge faced with the spot of nursing care is needed. Specially, 81.3% of the respondents indicated simple curing method and 75.1%, 73.3%, 71.6% each indicated child nursing, maternal nursing and controlling for the communicable disease. On the other hand, knowledge w hick has been neglected in the specialized courses of nursing education, that is, thinking line among com-w unity members, overcoming style against between stress and personal relation in each home, and administration, management have a low selection at the depree of 48.9%,41.875 and 41.3%. 8) On Nursing Idea. The highest degree of selection is that they know themselves rightly, (The mean score measuring distribution was 4.205/5) In the lowest degree,3.016/5 is that devotion is the essential element of nursing, 2.860/5 the religious problems that human beings can not settle, such as a fatal ones, 2,810/5 the nursing profession is worth trying in one's life. This means that the peculiarly essential ideas on the professional sense of value. 9) On Nursing Services. The mean score measuring distribution for the nursing services showed that the inserting of machine air way is 2.132/5, the technique and knowledge for surviving heart-lung resuscitating is 2.892/s, and the preventing air pollution 3.021/5. Specially, 41.1% of the respondents indicated the lack of the replied ratio. 10) On Nurses' Qualifications. The respondents were selected five items as the most important qualifications. Specially, 17.4% of the respondents indicated specialized knowledge, 15.3% the nurses' health, 10.6％ satisfaction for nursing profession, 9.8% the experience need, 9.2% comprehension and cooperation, while warm personality as nursing qualifications have a tendency of being lighted. 11) On the Priority of Nursing Care The respondents were selected three items as the most important component. Most of the respondents view the client's physical, spiritual: economic points as important components of nursing care. They showed each 36.8%, 27.6%, 13.8% while educational ones showed 1.8%. 12) On Purpose of Nursing Care. The respondents were selected four items as the most important purpose. Specially,29.3% of the respondents indicated curing illness for clients, 21.3% preventing illness for client 17.4% decreasing pain, 15.3% surviving. 13) On the Analysis of Important Nursing Care Ranging from 5 point to 25 point, the nurses' qualification are concentrated at the degree of 95.1%. Ranging from 3 point to 25, the priorities of nursing care are concentrated at the degree of 96.4%. Ranging from 4 point to 16, the purpose of nursing care is concentrated at the degree of 84.0%. 14) The Analysis, of General Characteristics and Facts of Nursing Concept. The correlation between the educational high level and nursing care showed significance. (P < 0.0262). The correction between the educational low level and purpose of nursing care showed significance. (P < 0.002) The correlation between nurses' working yeras and the degree of importance for the purpose of nursing care showed significance (P < 0.0155) Specially, the most affirmative answers were showed from two years to four ones. 15) On Nunes' qualification and its Degree of Importance The correlation between nurses' qualification and its degree of importance showed significance. (r = 0.2172, p< 0.001) 0.005) B. General characteristics of the subjects The mean age of the subject was 39 ; with 38.6% with in the age range of 20-29 ; 52.6% were male; 57.9％ were Schizophrenia; 35.1% were graduated from high school or high school dropouts; 56.l％ were not have any religion; 52.6% were unmarried； 47.4% were first admission; 91.2% were involuntary admission patients. C. Measurement of anxiety variables. 1. Measurement tools of affective anxiety in this study demonstrated high reliability (.854). 2. Measurement tools of somatic anxiety in this study demonstrated high reliability (.920). D. Relationship between the anxiety variables and the general characteristics. 1. Relationship between affective anxiety and general characteristics. 1) The level of female patients were higher than that of the male patient (t = 5.41, p < 0.05). 2) Frequencies of admission were related to affective anxiety, so in the first admission the anxiety level was the highest. (F = 5.50, p < 0.005). 2, Relationship between somatic anxiety and general characteristics. 1) The age range of 30-39 was found to have the highest level of the somatic anxiety. (F = 3.95, p < 0.005). 2) Frequencies of admission were related to the somatic anxiety, so .in first admission the anxiety level was the highest. (F = 9.12, p ＜ 0.005) 0. Analysis of significant anxiety symptoms for nursing intervention. 1. Seven items such as dizziness, mental integration, sweating, restlessness, anxiousness, urinary frequency and insomnia, init. accounted for 96％ of the variation within the first 24 hours after admission. 2. Seven items such as fear, paresthesias, restlessness, sweating insomnia, init., tremors and body aches and pains accounted for 84% of the variation on the 10th day after admission.