• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a community capacity builded exercise maintenance program for frail elderly women. Methods: As a guideline to develop the exercise maintenance program, the intervention mapping framework, including needs assessment, setting program goals, selecting theory-informed intervention methods, producing program components, planning program implementation and evaluation, was used. Focus group interviews with public health nurses and frail elderly women were conducted for needs assessment. Intervention strategies and components were formulated based on community capacity theory. Results: The developed exercise maintenance program consisted of strategies focusing on leadership development, partnership construction, organization development, community systematization of dimension of community capacity. A exercise maintenance program using health leader, health contract, exercise pocketbook, rhythmic activity suiting song and self-help group was included. Conclusion: The intervention mapping method was found to be useful to develop theory-based valid and community capacity builded exercise maintenance strategies for frail elderly women.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.329-338
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is that suggest space composition in rural village so that it can had foundations for Activation of regional community by analysis and re-organization of rural community places based on regionality and historicity. First, this study have been investigated about changes of overall space configuration and community places that has been lost or were ongoing in rural village. Factors of changes were changes in lifestyle, rural policy, social and political system, economic principles and ect. Therefore, This study focused on understanding basic principles of rural village space configuration and inherited it. Second, basic principle of the space configuration of rural village were entryway and center that improve community cohesion in the community space. This study figured out improving of "Ma-Dang" and functional mix-use community hall was important for more efficient management. Third, This study set direction according to characteristic of space configuration of each village and suggested detail plans.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.61-78
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• 2003

This study compared the levels of North Dakota and South Korean conventional and sustainable farmers' participation in community organizations. The North Dakota data were collected in 1990 from a sample of 568 farm and ranch operators. and the South Korean data were collected in late 1999 and early 2000 from a sample of 147 farmers through interviews and surveys. The data were analyzed using the SPSS ANOV A computer program. The sustainable farmers in both countries were more likely to participate in community organizations than the conventional farmers. Nevertheless, through this comparative study it was found that some differences between two countries exist due to their different cultural backgrounds. Whereas Americans were oriented more to morality and ethics influenced by church, farmers in Korean were more influenced by civil movements. Whereas the reduced tillage farmers in Americans were more likely to be sustainable farmers, the mixed farmers in Korea were more likely to belong to conventional farmers. While individuals in community organizations focused on the economics of agriculture, sustainable farming and farmers' social participation were social matters, which were used to develop sustainable community.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.60-65
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• 2007

Workshops and discussions on the community planning process and visions for the future have progressed with the cooperation of the administration, citizens and specialists. However, they require a technical proof. For this reason, it is difficult to achieve a standard, whereby city dwellers are satisfied. In this study, the Delphi method was selected as a support tool, and an attempt was made to grasp the intentions and interests of city dwellers. Then, the community planning process was applied by using the Delphi method for urban areas with sparse identification. Participants were residents and commuters in the target areas. Categories were 'environment', 'community' and 'cultural sensibility'. For reducing the cost and time taken by investigators, and to enable those living in the community to participate in voluntaries and flexibility, we used a web survey as an investigation method. As a result, we could express the regional characteristics, problems and community planning intentions of city dwellers. The results suggested the validity of web surveys in regional evaluation, and explained the visions for the future and response attitudes, as well as the existence of a new identification that gives consideration to voluntary and flexibility of participation.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.36-48
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• 2016

This paper analyzed the process of modernization in terms of the social structure in Geomundo. Before modernization, social structure in Geomundo was traditional society by a village unit. A village had community rituals and organization. There were independent parallel spatial structure among villages. In the early Japanese colonial period, 'forced modernization' had been occurred by Japanese immigrants settling in a separate living space. The modernization was transplanted in a new established village and diffused into other villages. In the process of forced modernization, the connection among villages was reinforced, as the result of that modern social organization was emerged, and the characteristics of community rituals had been changed. During modernization indigenization period, advanced fishery technology and distribution system occurred capitalist production system helping to place modern norms in the general daily life. In the late Japanese colonial period, aided organizations from local government and informal organizations reversed the trend of modernization through helping colonial exploitation policy. The spatial structure in Geomundo had become to hierarchical structure with intensified connectivity as the result of extensive spread of community territory. Modernization in Japanese colonial period was 'forced modernization' and could not re-established the community spirits. The community spirit has been broken up by dissolving the existing self regulating and self motivated organization.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2006

As we encounter the global and localized era, the development operations on a regional level are in active promotion. This manuscript has been completed with the purpose of probing for course of action in lifelong learning movement in terms of activating and developing of local communities. For this, the comparative analysis of practiced cases in America's community school movement, Japan's movement for establishing lifelong learning village and Sweden's study circle movement have been made. For the analytical frame of the comparison, the actual results on background of promotion, themes for practice, details of practice, methods for practice of local community centered lifelong learning movement have been applied. As a result of analysis, the local community centered lifelong learning movement has been promoted to break each country's social and economic crisis and to activate the local community. The promotion of each operation has been accomplished with the support of specific organization and the participants were the citizens of the local community. Also, the details of practice are composed of operating the people-centered lifelong learning program, cooperative learning by local citizens and local community realization activity. The details of education is closely related with the life of learners. Therefore, the lifelong movement for the activation of local community hereafter should be promoted based on the coherence of local community, should be able to contain the actual life of the citizens and should be practiced as a process of forming the lifelong learning group at concerned local community through a democratic learning process.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.228-239
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• 2012

This study aims to propose the improvement direction of spatial organization of orphanage facilities by reflecting the international trend of child welfare facilities including 'enhancement of habitability', 'opening to the local community' and 'multi-functionality' on the basis of ideas of 'right of housing' and 'normalization'. Orphanage facilities are evolving from 'facilities' to accommodate unfortunate children to the concept of the 'community-care', and the residential space is also rapidly shifting to 'cottage' type resembling a residential type of ordinary family so as to enhance the self-esteem and relationship. To suggest the future-oriented changeability of current orphanage facilities, the present study conducted a nationwide survey of child welfare facilities and four Visiting researches of cottage type orphanage with different locations to investigate the appropriateness of housing type, organization of common use space, mode of management and facilities criteria. The results of this study are following: 1) For enhancement of habitability it is suggested that cottage type with various plans in the form of ordinary housing is appropriate, that the number of children per cottage is six or so, and that the number of less than two or three children per room is recommended. At the same time the adjustment of facilities criteria, simplified or complex, is suggested to support a similar residence pattern to ordinary home. 2) Specialized programs must be introduced to establish a base of welfare-network for community children according to features of location and a complex management must be sought in the connection with neighboring public facilities. 3) To secure the residential environment and quality of life for children, the concept of a simple playground space by the current facilities criteria must be broken away to reinforce the network of various outdoor spaces closely connected with living space.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.725-734
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• 2013

This paper aimed to verify the current status of adolescents' donations and predictors influencing their donation behaviors. First, the result revealed that adolescents' donations were higher in the order of time, material, and talent donation. Second, donation motives, attitude towards donation, self-esteem, a sense of community, and trust in charitable organization were positively correlated. Third, the predictors of material donation behaviors of adolescents were gender, age, extrinsic motives, attitude towards donation, sense of community, and trust in charitable organization. And the predictors of time donation behaviors were gender and sense of community, and those of talent donation were age, intrinsic motives and sense of community. The strategies for the activation of adolescents' donations were suggested.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.23-43
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• 2005

Industrial clusters are geographical concentrations of interconnected companies, specialised suppliers, service providers, firms in related industries, and associated institutions (for example, universities, standard agencies, and trade associations) that combine to create new products and/or services in specific lines of business. At present, the concept of industrial cluster becomes very popular worldwide, policy makers at national, regional and local levels and business people in both forerunner and latecomer countries are keen to implement the cluster concept as an economic development model. Though understanding of clusters and related promoting policies varies from one place to another, the underlying benefits of clusters from collective learning and knowledge spillovers between participating actors strongly attract the attention of these people. In Thailand, a latecomer country in terms of technological catching up, the cluster concept has been used as a means to rectify weakness and fragmentation of its innovation systems. The present Thai government aspires to apply the concept to promote both high-tech manufacturing clusters, services clusters and community-based clusters at the grass-root level. This paper analyses three very different clusters in terms of technological sophistication and business objectives, i.e., hard disk drive, software and chili paste. It portrays their significant actors, the extent of interaction among them and the evolution of the clusters. Though are very dissimilar, common characteristics attributed to qualified success are found. Main driving forces of the three clusters are cluster intermediaries. Forms of these organizations are different from a government research and technology organization (RTO), an industrial association, to a self-organised community-based organization. However, they perform similar functions of stimulating information and knowledge sharing, and building trust among participating firms/individuals in the clusters. Literature in the cluster studies argues that government policies need to be cluster specific. In this case, the best way to design and implement cluster-specific policies is through working closely with intermediaries and strengthening their institutional especially in linking member firms/individuals to other actors in clusters such as universities, government R&D institutes, and financial institutions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6965-6969
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• 2013

Background: Tobacco consumption has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity and mortality. Understanding pattern of socioeconomic equalities in tobacco consumption in India will help in designing targeted public health control measures. Materials and Methods: Nationally representative data from the India Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2009-2010 was analyzed. The survey provided information on 69,030 respondents aged 15 years and above. Data were analyzed according to regions for estimating prevalence of current tobacco consumption (both smoking and smokeless) across wealth quintiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis predicted the impact of socioeconomic determinants on both forms of current tobacco consumption adjusting for other socio-demographic variables. Results: Trends of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption across wealth quintiles were significant in different regions of India. Higher prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption was observed in the medium wealth quintiles. Risk of tobacco consumption among the poorest compared to the richest quintile was 1.6 times higher for smoking and 3.1 times higher for smokeless forms. Declining odds ratios of both forms of tobacco consumption with rising education were visible across regions. Poverty was a strong predictor in north and south Indian region for smoking and in all regions for smokeless tobacco use. Conclusions: Poverty and poor education are strong risk factors for both forms of tobacco consumption in India. Public health policies, therefore, need to be targeted towards the poor and uneducated.