• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.1-1
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• 2016

Many of the world's large ecosystems are severely stressed due to population growth, water quality and quantity problems, vulnerability to flood and drought, and the loss of native species and cultural resources. Consequences of climate change further increase uncertainties about the future. These major societal challenges must be addressed through innovations in governance, policy, and ways of implementing management strategies. Science and engineering play a critical role in helping define possible alternative futures that could be achieved and the possible consequences to economic development, quality of life, and sustainability of ecosystem services. Science has advanced rapidly during the past decade with the emergence of science communities coalescing around 'Grand Challenges' and the maturation of how these communities function has resulted in large interdisciplinary research networks. An example is the River Experiment Center of KICT that engages researchers from throughout Korea and the world. This trend has been complemented by major advances in sensor technologies and data synthesis to accelerate knowledge discovery. These factors combine to allow scientific debate to occur in a more open and transparent manner. The availability of information and improved communication of scientific and engineering issues is raising the level of dialogue at the science-policy interface. However, severe challenges persist since scientific discovery does not occur on the same timeframe as management actions, policy decisions or at the pace sometimes expected by elected officials. Common challenges include the need to make decisions in the face of considerable uncertainty, ensuring research results are actionable and preventing science being used by special interests to delay or obsfucate decisions. These challenges are explored in the context of examples from the United States, including the California Bay-Delta system. California transfers water from the wetter northern part of the state to the drier southern part of the state through the Central Valley Project since 1940 and this was supplemented by the State Water Project in 1973. The scale of these activities is remarkable: approximately two thirds of the population of Californians rely on water from the Delta, these waters also irrigate up to 45% of the fruits & vegetables produced in the US, and about 80% of California's commercial fishery species live in or migrate through the Bay-Delta. This Delta region is a global hotspot for biodiversity that provides habitat for over 700 species, but is also a hotspot for the loss of biodiversity with more than 25 species currently listed by the Endangered Species Act. Understanding the decline of the fragile ecosystem of the Bay-Delta system and the potential consequences to economic growth if water transfers are reduced for the environment, the California State Legislature passed landmark legislation in 2009 (CA Water Code SS 85054) that established "Coequal goals of providing a more reliable water supply for California and protecting, restoring, and enhancing the Delta ecosystem". The legislation also stated that "The coequal goals shall be achieved in a manner that protects and enhances the unique cultural, recreational, natural resource, and agricultural values of the Delta as an evolving place." The challenges of integrating policy, management and scientific research will be described through this and other international examples.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1022-1025
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• 2009

USN(Ubiquitous Sensor Network) is a core infrastructure that makes come true the u-life in the ubiquitous society through various services of area such as u-city and u-Health. Therefore, we need to reseach about the domestic standards to establish the core technique of USN. Currently, the status of USN standards is most of technical standard and reseach that are technology for sensor node implementation and a protocol for energy-efficient communication and interlock with existing network. But, Standard and reseach for sensor network, integration management of heterogeneous sensor networks for USN application, sensing data management and USN database structure definition such as application and middleware are weak level. In this paper, we researched for standard development of the domestic sensor network service and relevant standard analysis to configure SWE(Sensor Web Enablement) of OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium) for standarded plattform technoloy in part of the middleware. Also we researched that it's a connection between domestic TTA (Telecommunications Technology Association) standards and SWE Standard. Finally, we researched for standard service plattform architecture on sensor network through analysis on the possibility of applying OGC-based services platform.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Recently, sensor networks are built and used on many kinds of fields such as home, traffic, medical treatment and power grid. Sensing data manipulation on these fields could be a serious threat on property and safety. Thus, a proper way to block sensing data manipulation is necessary. In this paper, we propose IoT(Internet of Things) sensing data validation mechanism based on data obfuscation and variance analysis to remove manipulated sensing data effectively. IoT sensor device modulates sensing data with obfuscation function and sends it to a user. The user demodulates received data to use it. Fake data which are not modulated with proper obfuscation function show different variance aspect with valid data. Our proposed mechanism thus can detect fake data by analyzing data variance. Finally, we measured data validation time for performance analysis. As a result, block rate for false data was improved by up to 1.45 times compared with the existing technique and false alarm rate was 0.1~2.0%. In addition, the validation time on the low-power, low-performance IoT sensor device was measured. Compared to the RSA encryption method, which increased to 2.5969 seconds according to the increase of the data amount, the proposed method showed high validation efficiency as 0.0003 seconds.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.63-83
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• 2021

The appearance of education is also rapidly changing in social changes represented by social networks. And the development of information and communication technology is also having a widespread effect on the education field. In the era of untact caused by Covid-19, education through smart learning is having a greater effect on students as well as adult learners more quickly and broadly. In addition, smart learning is not just limited to learning content, but is developing into personalized, convergence, and intelligent. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors of ARCS motivation theory that can determine the learning motivation of smart learning users, and to empirically study the casual relationship between these factors on education achievement through practical value and hedonic value. Specifically, I would like to examine how the independent variables ARCS motivation factors (attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction) affect learners' education achievement through the parameters of practical value and hedonic value. To this end, a research model was presented that applied the main variables of attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction, which are four elements of ARCS motivation theory, a specific and systematic motivational strategy to induce and maintain learners' motivation. In order to empirically verify the research model of this study, a survey was carried out on learners with experience using smart learning. As a result of the study, first attention was found to have a positive effect on the hedonic value. Second, relevance was found to have a positive effect on the hedonic value. Third, it was found that confidence did not have a positive effect on the practical value and the hedonic value. Forth, satisfaction was found to have a positive effect on the practical value and the hedonic value. Fifth, practical value was found to have a positive effect on the education achievement. Sixth, hedonic value was found to have a positive effect on the education achievement. Through this, it can be seen that the intrinsic motivation of learners using smart learning affects the education achievement of users through intrinsic and extrinsic value. A variety of smart learning that combines advanced IT technologies such as AI and big data can contribute to improving learners' education achievement more effectively and efficiently. Furthermore, it can contribute a lot to social development.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.26-34
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• 2021

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the future battlefield will carry out multi-area operations with hyper-connected, high-speed and mobile systems. In order to prepare for changes in the future, the Korean military intends to develop various weapons systems and form a multi-layer tactical network to support On The Move communication. However, current tactical networks are limited in support of On The Move communications. In other words, the operation of multi-beam antennas is necessary to efficiently construct a multi-layer tactical network in future warfare. Therefore, in this paper, we look at the need for multi-beam antennas through the operational scenario of a multi-layer tactical network. In addition, based on development consideration factors, features of rotary-wing and fixed-wing aircraft, we present the location and operation of airborne relay drone installations of multi-beam antennas.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.115-126
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to closely analyze the case of blended-learning in order to provide a diverse and flexible learning environment while maintaining the nature of face-to-face classes, and to identify the learning environment that supports blended-learning in each class step and the educational experience of students. The experience and satisfaction of blended learning were investigated in various ways: course evaluation, LMS activity evaluation, and questionnaire before and after the class. As a result, the blended-learning is better than the traditional face-to-face classes, in providing real-time feedback, opportunities for various interactions, and textual conversations, anytime and anywhere. In addition, as a result of the preliminary survey, as a measure to solve the opinion that concentration was reduced due to problems such as networks and felt uncomfortable in the communication part, the theory and lectures of the design practice class were conducted non-face-to-face. The individual Q&A and feedback were conducted face-to-face and non-face-to-face. As a result of the follow-up survey, it was found that concentration and efficiency could be improved. This opens up possibilities for active use of the online environment in design practice classes.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.37
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• pp.547-576
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• 2009

Iching has been taught people wisdoms of Sijung since it appeared in oriental society thousands years ago. Sijung means each of us meets the change of the present situation reasonably and practices the timely truth. The current society we've been living is infra-structured by various kinds of visible or invisible networks. This society is called 'network society' which is characteristic of inter-connectivity, interactivity, and complexity, etc. This thesis is to study whether and how the wisdoms of Iching can be helpful for behaviors in network society. For this, the meaning of several hexagrams and the new paradigm of network society were reviewed. Then, which hexagrams give what wisdoms to individuals, organizations, and difficult situations in network society was discussed. In network society, individuals are surfing internet, meeting, chatting, and making groups to implement meaningful works. To these, some hexagrams give wisdoms such as the ethics of rightness, the virtue of the mean. Organizations in network society should rebuild and reform inner suborganizations, cooperate with other organizations including citizen alliances, competing firms, and government organs. To these, some hexagrams give wisdoms such as faithfulness, considerateness, and completeness. Other hexagrams give also wisdoms such as neighborhood, non-selfishness, and self-discipline, to difficult situations lack in communication in network society.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

The development of IT technology and information communication networks activated to online financial transactions; the users were able to get a variety of financial services. However, unlike the positive effect that occurred on 7 July 2009 DDoS(Distribute Denial of Service) attacks, such as damaging to the user, which was caused negative effects. Authentication technology(OTP) is used to online financial transaction, which should be reviewed to safety with various points because the unpredictable attacks can bypass the authentication procedure such as phishing sites, which is occurred. Thus, this paper proposes mobile OTP(One Time Password) Mechanism, which is based on PKI to improve the safety of OTP authentication. The proposed Mechanism is operated based on PKI; the secret is transmitted safely through signatures and public key encryption of the user and the authentication server. The users do not input in the web site, but the generated OTP is directly transmitted to the authentication server. Therefore, it is improvement of the availability of the user and the resolved problem is exposed from the citibank phishing site(USA) in 2006.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2021

The Internet including mobile networks is developing to overcoming the limitation of physical distance and providing or acquiring information from remote locations. However, the systems that use video as primary information require higher bandwidth for recognizing the situation in remote places more accurately through high-quality video as well as lower latency for faster interaction between devices and users. The emergence of the 5th generation mobile network provides features such as high bandwidth and precise location recognition that were not experienced in previous-generation technologies. In addition, the Mobile Edge Computing that minimizes network latency in the mobile network requires a change in the traditional system architecture that was composed of the existing smart device and high availability server system. However, even with 5G and MEC, since there is a limit to overcome the mobile network state fluctuations only by enhancing the network infrastructure, this study proposes a high-definition video streaming system in ultra-low latency based on the SRT protocol that provides Forward Error Correction and Fast Retransmission. The proposed system shows how to deploy software components that are developed in consideration of the nature of 5G and MEC to achieve sub-1 second latency for 4K real-time video streaming. In the last of this paper, we analyze the most significant factor in the entire video transmission process to achieve the lowest possible latency.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.73-86
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• 2021

The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the advanced models that predict entrepreneurial innovativeness most accurately. For the first time in the field of entrepreneurship research, it presents a model that predicts entrepreneurial innovativeness based on machine learning corresponding to data scientific approaches. It uses 22,099 the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data from 62 countries to build predictive models. Based on the data set consisting of 27 explanatory variables, it builds predictive models that are traditional statistical methods such as multiple regression analysis and machine learning models such as regression tree, random forest, XG boost, and artificial neural networks. Then, it compares the performance of each model. It uses indicators such as root mean square error (RMSE), mean analysis error (MAE) and correlation to evaluate the performance of the model. The analysis of result is that all five machine learning models perform better than traditional methods, while the best predictive performance model was XG boost. In predicting it through XG boost, the variables with high contribution are entrepreneurial opportunities and cross-term variables of market expansion, which indicates that the type of entrepreneur who wants to acquire opportunities in new markets exhibits high innovativeness.