• 영어영문학
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.517-538
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• 2009

This study explores the possibility of finding intersections of commonness and differences between Mahasweta Devi's short stories, "The Hunt" and "Douloti the Bountiful" and Angela Carter's "Flesh and the Mirror" and "Master" in Fireworks. At appearance, Carter as a writer of Great Britains and Devi as a writer of India in postcolonial period do not seem to share any commonness. This study, however, tried to find "common differences," to quote Chandra Mohanty's terminology, as a basis of solidarity possible between these two different feminist writers. Another concept appropriated in this process of comparing Carter and Devi is Gayatri Spivak's 'planetary comparative literature,' which contends the necessity of critical regional studies and the study of Asian Literature in the study of English literature. Devi and Carter, despite their historical, geopolitical and racial differences, share commonness in depicting Asian or colonized women not only as the oppressed others but also as the subjects who show potential for resistance and independence. Carter portrays Japanese women as the colonized and oppressed others of Japanese society, even though Japan did not have any colonial history. Devi finds in the postcolonial Indian women both the oppressed in the interstice of colonial/postcolonial/patriarchal Indian history and the potential for resistance. Despite some limitation in her understanding of Asia, Carter shows her insight to accept Asia as a true origin of her self-knowledge and performativity of her woman's role. Despite their differences, these two writers use Freud's 'unheimlich' from the feminist point of view, in general. Devi's depiction of the heroine's dead body at the end of the story implicates the possibility of resistance through women's 'uncanny' bodies. Carter converts Freudian and negative connotation of woman's body into positive and comfortable 'home' as a starting point of her self knowledge.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.789-796
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• 2012

This study attempted to investigate the characteristics of Superjami, which had a high C3G (cyandin-3-glucoside) content by comparing it with common rice (Ilpum) and black rice (Heougjinju, Suwon 415) for their components and physio-chemical characteristics. There were no significant differences in the water content, however there were significant differences in crude protein and crude fat in the order of Ilpum < Superjami < Heougjinju. As for the morphological characteristics of grains, it had been learned that Superjami was heavier and longer than the common rice, moreover Superjami had bigger seeds. As for the hardness of grains, the longer the time of steeping, the more decreased their hardness was at large. In the case of color, they showed significant differences in all the L, a, and b values of grains and flours. As a result of the experiment of pigment elution after steeping of the rice flours at $20^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$, the longer the time steeping, the more increased the pigment elution became. The values are bigger with Heougjinju and Superjami than with Ilpum. As for the elution pH after rice steeping, the longer the time of steeping, the lower pH all the assays tended to have. As a result of the analysis of the total polyphenol contents of Ilpum, Heougjinju, and Superjami, it had turned out that the total polyphenol contents of Heougjinju and Superjami are 1.2 times as high as Ilpum, a common rice, and that Superjami is significantly higher than Heougjinju. As a result of the experiment of DPPH radical scavenging ability, there are significant differences among the assays in the order of Superjami > Heougjinju > Ilpum. Futher, it has turned out that Superjami has a higher DPPH radical scavenging ability than Heougjinju. Consequently, it can be stated that Superjami has a strong anti-oxidative ability. Thus, we should more precisely grasp the cooking characteristics of Superjami, which is in the state of brown rice, via comparing it with a common brown rice, and also provide opportunities to apply Superjamii to more foods by studying its starch characteristics in addition to its grain and flour properties.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 1999년도 학술대회지 vol.2
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• pp.663-676
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• 1999

Construction CALS is actively being pursued in Korea and Japan. This paper overviews the similarities and differences between both CALS. And this paper reveals both countries have a common ultimate goal of construction CALS, but a slight differences in their implementing processes. Lately Korean construction CALS places much emphasis upon supporting construction management for contractors and project owner, while Japanese construction CALS has made an great efforts in the electronic bidding system and implementing intelligent CAD system and its application. With a firm support and active involvement of enterprises, both countries will flexibly adapt their construction CALS to the changes in future technological trends and build-up of information infrastructure.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1742-1748
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• 2006

In order to establish the manifestational symptoms in men and women and highly frequent symptoms(HFS) of deficiency of Qi and blood(氣虛, 血虛), stagnation of Qi(氣滯), deficiency of Yin(陰虛), deficiency of Yang(陽虛), and, 546 questionaires were analyzed through Cronbach alpha value and Pearson's correlative efficient. Symptomatic differences of male and female specimens were as follows. HFS of Qi deficiency were similar in terms of inactivity like mental and physical fatigue, enervation in men and women. In blood deficiency, dizziness and light sleep were common in men and women, but mucosal symptoms of conjunctiva, lip, nail bed were more frequent in women than men. Emotional explosion was common in Qi stagnation, then women had more motivation-related symptoms than men. Inner heat was frequently arisen in Yin deficiency in both, and the heat was expressed more common in exterior and upper part in women but in interior abdominal part in men. In Yang deficiency, main symptoms of men were feeling coldness in peripheral, but Qi deficiency symptoms were more common in women former than coldness.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.907-916
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to examine the consumer beliefs on the wrongness and occurrence of unethical behaviors in retail settings, to examine the differences in unethical beliefs by consumer characteristics, and to examine the effects of anomie on unethical beliefs. A total of 609 questionnaires collected from a consumer survey were analyzed. Results revealed that respondents tended to perceive illegal activities as the most unethical and the least prevalent behaviors and downloading intellectual properties as the least unethical and the most prevalent behaviors. There were differences by age, marital status, occupation, and education in the four dimensions of unethical beliefs including actively benefiting from illegal/deceiving activities, passively benefiting at the expense of the seller, no harm/no foul, and common but questionable actions. Partial differences were observed by shopping frequency and return experience. Valuelessness of anomie affected actively benefiting from illegal/deceiving activities and no harm/no foul.

• Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.544-558
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• 2018

Because of the sex-gender differences that are shown in a diversity of physiological and psychological factors, it can be speculated that the clinical presentation of symptoms as well as treatment strategies in women and men with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may differ. Studies have revealed that IBS is more common in women than men. As for the IBS subtype, IBS with constipation is significantly more prevalent among women than men. Sex hormones and gender differences may play important roles in the pathophysiology of IBS. However, its pathophysiologic mechanisms still remain largely unknown, and therapeutic implications are limited. Moreover, women IBS patients have been reported to feel more fatigue, depression, anxiety, and lower quality of life than men IBS patients. Furthermore, there has been evidence of differences in the appropriate treatment efficacy to IBS in men and women, although relatively few men are enrolled in most relevant clinical trials. A more sex-gender-oriented approach in the medical care setting could improve understanding of heterogeneous patients suffering from IBS. An individualized and multicomponent approach including sex and gender issues might help improve the treatment of IBS.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2013

Altitudinal patterns of plant species richness and the effects of area, the mid-domain effect, climatic variables, net primary productivity and latitude on observed richness patterns along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea were studied. Data were collected from 1,100 plots along a 200 to 1,900 m altitudinal gradient on the ridge. A total of 802 plant species from 97 families and 342 genera were recorded. Common and rare species accounted for 91% and 9%, respectively, of the total plant species. The altitudinal patterns of species richness for total, common and rare plants showed distinctly hump-shaped patterns, although the absolute altitudes of the richness peaks varied somewhat among plant groups. The mid-domain effect was the most powerful explanatory variable for total and common species richness, whereas climatic variables were better predictors for rare plant richness. No effect of latitude on species richness was observed. Our study suggests that the mid-domain effect is a better predictor for wide-ranging species such as common species, whereas climatic variables are more important factors for range-restricted species such as rare species. The mechanisms underlying these richness patterns may reflect fundamental differences in the biology and ecology of different plant groups.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2014

Purpose: Constipation is a common pediatric problem worldwide. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of pediatric constipation in south Jordan according to gender and age group. Methods: All patients with constipation managed at our pediatric gastroenterology service between September 2009 and December 2012 were included. Hospital charts were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and final diagnosis were recorded. Data were analyzed according to gender and the following age groups: infants, pre-school, school age, and adolescents. Results: During the study period, 126 patients were enrolled. The number (percentage) of patients according to age were the following infants: 43 (34.1%), pre-school: 55 (43.7%), school age: 25 (19.8%), and adolescents: 3 (2.4%). Males made up 54.8% of the study population. There were no statistical gender differences in any age group. The most common symptom in all age groups was dry, hard stool. Infrequent defecation was found in almost one-half of the patients. Fecal incontinence was more common in school-aged children compared to pre-school-aged children and adolescents. Abdominal pain was seen in almost 40% of the constipated children. Abdominal pain was more prevalent in girls and older children. Fecal mass in the rectum was the most common physical finding, with constipated boys exhibiting higher rates. Functional constipation was the most common etiology. Conclusion: Clinical characteristics of constipation in children vary according to age group and gender. Older children had less frequent bowel motions, a longer duration of symptoms, and a higher prevalence of long-standing constipation compilations (fecal incontinence and abdominal pain).

• 건축역사연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.23-35
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• 2002

Even though there have been greate changes in the types and contents of the housing plan in Korea since the Modem age, it seems that the identity of traditional dwelling culture is still remains within it. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics and features in the development of the 'Public Standard' Housing Unit Plan by comparing the differences and similarities in unit plans in housings built on Japanese occupation period and those built after the period. From the study, we can conclude as follows: 1. The public standard housing unit plans on both periods have shown the common features in the composition of their physical forms in the way that the front-row area still remains the traditional housing culture and the rear-row area reflects the desires of the modem lives. The structure of the dual-row unit plan appeared in the public standard housing plan was caused by the cultural acculturation in Japanese occupation period. 2. The public standard housing unit plans, however, show the differences in the contents and meaning in units plans with the them of the Japanese housing because of the cultural differences. These differences took placed autonomously through the change of housing plans in the modern time, and have the common features such that 1) the changes in the Maru-centered plan type differ in composition from the inner-corridor plan type used Japanese housing, and 2) the composition of the open-inner spaces in the double-row housing plan reflects the single-row outer open space In the traditional housing. All of these cultural progresses in the public standard housing unit plans was took place as the result of the inner-oriented and notional circulations derived from the modernity. However, the transformed unit plans still contains the identity derived from the variation of the traditional Korean building elements such as Maru and Ondol. In other words, those are the Maru-centered and composed housing plans with juxtaposition of the inner block and the outer block. As the conclusion, though the public standard dwelling unit plan has the similarity in the physical form, it is different in the cultural Identity and meaning from the public standard plans before the independence from the Japan occupation.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.125-134
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• 1991

아동기 심리장애의 표현양상에서의 성별차이를 알아보기 위하여 정신과 진료기관에 내원한 환자 834명을 부모설문형식의 CBCL을 통하여 평가한 후, 그 자료를 남녀별로 각각 요인분석하여 행동장애 증후군을 구성하였다. 그 결과 공격, 과잉활동, 비행, 사회적 위축, 정서불안정, 그리고 신체증상의 여섯 개 요인은 남녀 공통으로 얻어졌으나, 강박, 우울 등의 내면성 증후군과 정신병의 임상적 특징을 나타내는 요인은 남녀간에 상당히 다른 양상을 보였다. 공통적으로 얻어진 여섯 요인들의 경우에도, 그 핵심이 되는 문제행동들은 남녀가 공유하고 있었으나, 그 밖에 측면에서는 남아와 여아 집단은 서로 다른 특징을 보였다. 이같은 문제행동 증후군에서 성별차이는 행동양식에 대한 성역할 고정관념과 관련되어 논의 되었다.