• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1996

Korean traditional Sikhye is made from rice and malt. Since 1740, there have been many records about the method of making traditional Sikhye, generally used in the folks. And the first records of sugar addition Sikhye were found In 1924. Therefore commercial sugar Sikhye is not traditional. Traditional Sikhye uses 30% of rice and malt (dry weight) as raw material, and main content is maltose. However commercial Sikhye uses only 3% of cooked rice, and adds 10% of sugar, .Even though some domestic Sikhye used sugar, the amount of added sugar does not exceed 115 of raw materials. Therefore, commercial Sikhye differs from not only traditional Sikhye but also domestic sugar Sikhye.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.191-195
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• 2007

Red ginseng sikhye is one of Korean unique beverages with the addition of effective ingredients of ginseng. Considering economical and mechanical efficiency and quality of sikhye, the optimum conditions for saccharification is to saccharify at 90 degree celsius for 3 hours in the composition of 4% of malt, 20% of steamed rice, and 6% of red ginseng power. The red ginseng sikhye has high soluble solid content over 33% compared with conventional commercial sikhye. On the other hand, ginseng sikhye, which shows low pH, has more or less higher acidity than conventional commercial one. Especially the turbidity of the red ginseng sikhye is much higher than that of commercial sikhye, due to as high amount of rice as 20% compared with 3% in the commercial one. The use of high quantity of rice affected the level of turbidity in red ginseng sikhye. In this study, we wanted to establish optimum conditions for saccharification in manufacturing red ginseng sikhye which contains effective herbal medicinal ingredients maintaining the original taste of traditional sikhye.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1996

Korean traditional Sikhye is made from rice and malt, and It's main product Is maltose. However commercial Sikhye differs from traditional Sikhye because it's main component is sucrose. Sikhye industry faces many problems such as contamination of malt with microorganisms, low amylase activity of malt and technical difficulties. There is no commercial Sikhye which is only using rice and malt by these reasons. To produce the traditional Sikhye free from these problems, it is necessary to restrict the microorganisms of malt and to standardize the amylase activity of malt. In addition, the Introduction of effective control and sanitaric process is required. In Sikhye production. if $\beta$-amylase and isoamylase or pullulanase were added, starch could be saccharified 100% as maltose. Accordingly, this method brings us the low cost of Sikhye.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.92-96
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• 1997

시판 식혜에는 설탕과 프룩토오스, 글루코오스, 말토오스 및 여러 사이즈의 말토올리고당, 한계덱스트린이 함유되어 있다. 그 중 한계덱스트린은 0.09%, 밥알은 0.2%를 나타냈다. 1H-NMR 분석 결과, 한계덱스트린은 $\alpha$-1,4-결합 및 $\alpha$-1,6-결합이 15:1의 비율을 나타냈다. Pullulanase 처리로, 말토오스에서 글루코오스 10잔기 이상의 말토올리고당까지 다양한 분포를 나타냈다. 한계덱스트린은 여러 아미라아제 처리 결과, 전통식혜보다 가수분해율이 훨씬 높았다. $\alpha$-글루코시다아제와 타액 $\alpha$-아밀라아제를 공동 작용시킨 경우는 62% 가수분해되었다. 그러나, 밥알의 가수분해율이 매우 낮았다. 그래서 전통 식혜에 비해 한계덱스트린의 비피두스 인자로서의 효과는 적고, 밥알의 식이섬유 작용은 커졌다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.370-374
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• 1997

시판 식혜에 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 가해 29$^{\circ}C$에서 10일간 발효시켜서 식혜주를 제조하였다. TLC 및 HPLC 분석 결과 발효에 따라 수크로오스는 2일째부터 글루코오스와 프룩토오스로 가수분해되어 발효되었다. 수크로오스는 6일째에 완전히 없어지고, 8일째에는 글루코오스, 프룩토오스 모두 없어졌다. 에탄올은 6.6%를 나타냈다. 시판 식혜주의 아미노산 함량은 0.32$\mu$mol/ml, 단백질 함량은 226$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml을 나타냈다. pH는 3.21, 산도는 2.5ml를 나타냈다. 한계덱스트린은 1H-NMR로 분석 결과 시판 식혜와 구조상 차이가 없었다. $\alpha$-1,4- 결합에 대한 $\alpha$-1,6- 결합의 비율은 25:1을 나타냈다. 관능검사 결과, 맛은 와인과 비슷하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.164-169
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• 1999

To develope the scientific preparation method of Dorean traditional rice drink 'Sikhye', effect of malt and commercial amylolytic enzymes in preparation of malt-Sikhye were studied. amylase activity of malt used in this study was 9,725unit/g. In malt-Sikhye preparation effective saccharifying conditions were 4% of malt 20% of rice at 6$0^{\circ}C$ for 5hour. Commercial amylolytic enzymes such as $\beta$-amylase(Bio-zyme ML Himaltosin GL) $\alpha$-amylase(Bokhabhyoso 5000, Teramyl and Fungamyl) and pulluanase(en-zyme CK-20) were not effective in saccharification for Sikhye preperation.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.650-654
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• 2007

식혜 고유의 시원한 맛과 인삼의 독특한 맛을 가미한 인삼식혜를 제조하기 위해 본 연구에서는 엿기름 20 g, 고두밥 400 g을 기준으로 하여 여기에 각 인삼분말을 고두밥양의 $3{\sim}12%$, teramyl효소 0.2 mL을 각각 첨가한 후 인삼식혜 제조에 있어 당화공정의 특성을 분석하였다. 인삼식혜의 당화공정은 일반 식혜의 당화공정과 같이 당화 온도 및 당화 시간이 증가할수록 당화력이 증가 하는 경향을 보였다. 하지만 본 실험에서 제조한 인삼식혜의 유리당 분석을 한 결과 식혜고유의 주성분인 말토오스 함량이 일반 식혜보다 훨씬 높은 4.3%이상의 농도를 나타내고 있어 시판식혜에 비해 우수한 품질의 특성을 보였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 1995

Sikhye is a traditional sweet rice drink in Korea by $\beta$-amylase's saccharifing action. Sikhye has great potentiality for commercial beverage because of It's characteristic taste and flavors. But, the chemical compositions and production methods of Sikhye are little known. The total amount of carbohydrate of sixteen Sikhye selected in Korean market was 11~15%. The reducing sugar by the Somogyi-Nelson's method was measured 0.4~2% as maltose, which has little influence on the sweetness of Sikhye. While sucrose content was about 10% by the TLC and Seliwanoff analysis. It means that carbohydrate in Sikhye was almost sucrose. Furthermore the most of Sikhye has brown color and turbidity. To improve the quality of Korean Sikhye, it is necessary to increase the production of maltose and to reduce brown color and turbidity, without adding sucrose.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2014

This research aimed to develope squash sikhye containing retrograded rice flour using response surface methodology. For this, nonlinear regression equation was calculated with the setting of independent variables as retrograded rice flour containing resistant starch and squash, and dependent variables as viscosity, sugar content, pH, color, and sensory attributes. Under the experimental condition, the quality characteristics of squash sikhye were found as 6.20~6.25 for pH, $14.00{\sim}17.33^{\circ}Brix$ for sweetness, 2.64~4.45 cP for viscosity, 57.51~60.18 for lightness, 4.94~7.52 for redness, and 50.98~60.29 for yellowness. It also was revealed overall acceptability in sensory evaluation rated as 9.67~10.83 out of 15 point. These results showed statistically significant differences in quality attributes with the increase of retrograded rice flour and squash(p<0.05). Thus, optimal mixing quantity of squash and retrograded rice flour for squash sikhye was identified as 114 g and 65 g, respectively. Comparison of sensory qualities of four samples, namely squash sikhye with and without retrograded rice, and two commercial products, showed that squash sikhye including retrograded rice flour had the best quality in terms of color, taste, mouth feeling, flavor and overall acceptability (p<0.05). Thus the squash sikhye with retrograded rice flour can be the potential products as a health benefit beverage for the old adult and the young generation.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.311-315
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 $38{\circ}C$에서 48시간 저온질소건조한 엿기름과 열풍건조한 시판 엿기름들로 제조한 식혜의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성을 비교하였다. 엿기름 중의 $\alpha$-amylase 및 \beta-amylase 활성을 측정한 결과 저온질소건조한 엿기름에서 효소활성이 높게 나타났다. 저온질소건조한 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜는 당분해 효소들의 활성이 큰 결과로 당도와 환원당 함량이 시판 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜들에 비해 높게 나타났다. 저온질소건조한 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜의 탁도는 시판 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜보다 높거나 낮게 나타났다. 색차계를 이용한 명도(L 값)는 식혜들 간의 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 적색도(a 값)와 황색도(b 값)는 낮게 나타나 저온질소건조에 의해 당의 갈변화가 억제된 것을 알 수 있었다. 관능검사 결과 색상과 냄새, 당도, 전체적인 기호도에서 저온질소건조한 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜가 시판 엿기름으로 제조한 식혜들보다 유의적으로 선호도가 높은 것으로 평가되었다. 엿기름의 저온질소 건조방법은 타 고온처리 건조법에 비해 식품의 품질 열화를 막을 수 있고, 산소에 의한 식품의 산패를 최소화하여 식품 본래의 영양가와 기능성을 높게 유지할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.