• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9177-9183
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• 2014

Polymorphisms of inflammation-related genes have been found to be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) or some of its subtypes, but only a few relevant data have been reported in China. In this study, the Snapshot method was used to assess genetic variation; a total of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for 6 inflammatory factors in 157 NHL cases (64 Uygur ethnic subjects, 93 Han Chinese) and 435 controls (231 Uygur and 204 Han Chinese) were studied from the Xinjiang province of China. Haplotype distribution was estimated using PHASE 2.3 software. Statistical differences in the genotype and haplotype frequencies between case and control groups were also considered and estimated. For the Han population, the geneotype distributions for TNF-${\alpha}rs1800629$, TNF-${\alpha}rs1800630$, IL-6 rs1800795, IL-6 rs1800797, NF-KB1 rs1585215 and TLR-4 rs4986790 showed significant differences between the case and control groups (p<0.05). The TNF-${\alpha}$ gene frequencies of ACG and CCA haplotypes in the cases were higher than in the controls (OR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.55-3.89, p=0.0002, OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.10-5.80, p=0.029, respectively), and the same findings were detected for TNF-${\beta}$ gene CA haplotype (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.21-2.90, p=0.0054). However, for the Uygur population, no such significant differences were detected within the gene-type distribution of the 14 SNPs. The TNF-${\alpha}$ gene frequency of the CCA haplotype between the two groups (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.11-3.51, p=0.021) revealed a statistically significant difference. Our results showed that polymorphic variations of inflammation-related genes could be important to the NHL etiology of the Han population, and that these may only have limited influence on the Uygur population.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 1999

At present, many ground stations all over the world are using NORAD orbit element data in order to track and communicate with Earth orbiting satellites. The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) observes thousands of Earth orbiting objects on daily basis and provides their orbital information via internet. The orbital data provided by NORAD, which is also called two line element (TLE) sets, allows ground stations to predict the time-varying positions of satellites accurately enough to communicate with the satellites. In order to complete the mission of a high resolution remote sensing satellite which requires very high positional determination and control accuracy, however, a mission control and tracking ground station is dedicated for the observation and positional determination of the satellite rather than using NORAD orbital sets. In the case of KITSAT-3, NORAD orbital elements are currently used for image acquisition planning and for the processing of acquired images due to the absence of a dedicated KITSAT-3 tracking ground system. In this paper, we tested and analyzed the accuracy of NORAD orbital elements and the appropriate prediction model to determine how accurately a satellite acquisites an image of the location of interest and how accurately a ground processing system can generate the catalog of the images.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.77-83
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• 2020

The heat treatment facility is in a situation where the scope of application of the remote IOT system is expanding due to the harsh environment caused by high heat and long working hours among the root industries. In this heat treatment process environment, the IOT middleware is required to play a pivotal role in interpreting, managing and controlling data information of IoT devices (sensors, etc.). Until now, the system controlled by the heat treatment remotely was operated with the command of the operator's batch system without overall monitoring of the site situation. However, for the safety and precise control of the heat treatment facility, it is necessary to control various sensors and recognize the surrounding work environment. As a solution to this, the heat treatment safety support system presented in this paper proposes a support system that can detect the access of the work manpower to the heat treatment furnace through thermal image detection and operate safely when ordering work from a remote location. In addition, an OPEN CV-based deterioration analysis system using DNN deep learning network was constructed for faster and more accurate recognition than general fixed hot spot monitoring-based thermal image analysis. Through this, we would like to propose a system that can be used universally in the heat treatment environment and support the safety management specialized in the heat treatment industry.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.471-478
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• 2009

Recently, researches for user interface are remarkably processed due to the explosive growth of 3-dimensional contents and applications, and the spread class of computer user. This paper proposes a novel method to manipulate windows efficiently using only the intuitive motion of hand. Previous methods have some drawbacks such as burden of expensive device, high complexity of gesture recognition, assistance of additional information using marker, and so on. To improve the defects, we propose a novel visual touchless interface. First, we detect hand region using hue channel in HSV color space to control window using hand. The distance transform method is applied to detect centroid of hand and curvature of hand contour is used to determine position of fingertips. Finally, by using the hand motion information, we recognize hand gesture as one of predefined seven motions. Recognized hand gesture is to be a command to control window. In the proposed method, user can manipulate windows with sense of depth in the real environment because the method adopts stereo camera. Intuitive manipulation is also available because the proposed method supports visual touch for the virtual object, which user want to manipulate, only using simple motions of hand. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed method is verified via an application based on our proposed interface.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.244-251
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• 2007

Intention reading technique is essential to provide personalized services toward more convenient and human-friendly services in complex ubiquitous environment such as a smart home. If a system has knowledge about an user's intention of his/her behavioral pattern, the system can provide mote qualified and satisfactory services automatically in advance to the user's explicit command. In this sense, learning capability is considered as a key function for the intention reading technique in view of knowledge discovery. In this paper, ore introduce a personalized media control method for a possible application iii a smart home. Note that data pattern such as human behavior contains lots of inconsistent data due to limitation of feature extraction and insufficiently available features, where separable data groups are intermingled with inseparable data groups. To deal with such a data pattern, we introduce an effective engineering approach with the combination of fuzzy logic and probabilistic reasoning. The proposed learning system, which is based on IFCS (Iterative Fuzzy Clustering with Supervision) algorithm, extract probabilistic fuzzy rules effectively from the given numerical training data pattern. Furthermore, an extended architectural design methodology of the learning system incorporating with the IFCS algorithm are introduced. Finally, experimental results of the media contents recommendation system are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.256-259
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• 2016

The growth of mobile devices in Internet of Things (IoT) leads to a number of intelligent buildings related IoT applications. For instance, home automation controlling system uses client system such web apps on smartphone or web service to access the home server by sending control commands. The home server receives the command, then controls for instance the light system. The gateway based RESTful technology responsible for handling clients' requests attests an internet latency in case a large number of clients' requests submit toward the gateway increases. In this paper, we propose the design tasks of the IoT gateway for handling concurrency events. In the procedure of designing tasks, concurrency is best understood by employing multiple levels of abstraction. The way that is eminently to accomplish concurrency is to build an object-oriented environment with support for messages passing between concurrent objects. We also investigate the performance of event-driven architecture for building IoT gateway using node.js on one side and communication protocol based message-oriented middleware known as XMPP to handle communications of intelligent building control devices connected to the gateway through a centralized hub. The Node.JS is 40% faster than the traditional web server side features thread-based approach. The use of Node.js server-side handles a large number of clients' requests, then therefore, reduces delay in performing predefined actions automatically in intelligent building IoT environment.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1461-1464
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the development of embedded board for integrated radiation exposure protection fireman's life-saving alarm capable of location tracking and radiation measurement. The proposed techniques consist of signal processing unit, communication unit, power unit, main control unit. Signal processing units apply shielding design, noise reduction technology and electromagnetic wave subtraction technology. The communication unit is designed to communicate using the wifi method. In the main control unit, power consumption is reduced to a minimum, and a high performance system is formed through small, high density and low heat generation. The proposed techniques are equipment operated by exposure to poor conditions, such as disaster and fire sites, so they are designed and manufactured for external appearance considering waterproof and thermal endurance. The proposed techniques were tested by an authorized testing agency to determine the effectiveness of embedded board. The waterproof grade has achieved the IP67 rating, which can maintain stable performance even when flooded with water at the disaster site due to the nature of the fireman's equipment. The operating temperature was measured in the range of -10℃ to 50℃ to cope with a wide range of environmental changes at the disaster site. The battery life was measured to be available 144 hours after a single charge to cope with emergency disasters such as a collapse accident. The maximum communication distance, including the PCB, was measured to operate at 54.2 meters, a range wider than the existing 50 meters, at a straight line with the command-and-control vehicle in the event of a disaster. Therefore, the effectiveness of embedded board for embedded board for integrated radiation exposure protection fireman's life-saving alarm has been demonstrated.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.7
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• pp.271-303
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• 2009

"Ubiquitous sensor network" definition is this-Someone attaches electro-magnetic tag everything which needs communication between man to man, man to material and material to material(Ubiquitous). By using attached every electro-magnetic tag, someone detects it's native information as well as environmental information such as temperature, humidity, pollution and infiltration information(Sensor). someone connects it realtime network and manage generated information(Network). 21st century's war is joint combined operation connecting with ground, sea and air smoothly in digitalized war field, and is systematic war provided realtime information from sensor to shooter. So, it needs dramatic development on watch reconnaissance, command and control, pinpoint strike etc. Ubiquitous computing and network technologies are essential in national defense to operate 21st century style war. It is possible to use many parts such as USN combined smart dust and sensor network to protect friend unit as well as to watch enemy's deep area by unmanned reconnaissance, wearable computer upgrading soldier's operational ability and combat power dramatically, RFID which can be used material management as well as on time support. Especially, unmanned watch system using USN is core part to transit network centric military service and to get national defense efficiency which overcome the dilemma of national defense person resource reducing, and upgrade guard quality level, and improve combat power by normalizing guardian's bio rhythm. According to the test result of sensor network unmanned watch system, it needs more effort and time to stabilize because of low USN technology maturity and using maturity. In the future, USN unmanned watch system project must be decided the application scope such as application area and starting point by evaluating technology maturity and using maturity. And when you decide application scope, you must consider not only short period goal as cost reduction, soldier decrease and guard power upgrade but also long period goal as advanced defense ability strength. You must build basic infra in advance such as light cable network, frequency allocation and power facility etc. First of all, it must get budget guarantee and driving force for USN unmanned watch system project related to defense policy. You must forwarded the USN project assuming posses of operation skill as procedure, system, standard, training in advance. Operational skill posses is come from step by step application strategy such as test phase, introduction phase, spread phase, stabilization phase and also repeated test application taking example project.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.73-94
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• 2009

The general aspects for the future warfare shows that the concept of firepower and maneuver centric warfare has been replacing with that of information and knowledge centric warfare. Thus, some developed countries are now trying to establish the information systems to perform intelligent warfare and innovate defense operations. The C4I(Command, Control, Communication, Computers and Intelligence for the Warrior) systems make it possible to do modern and systematic war operations. The basic idea of this study is to investigate how TAM(Technology Acceptance Model) can explain the acceptance behavior in military organizations. Because TAM is inadequate in explaining the acceptance processes forcomplex technologies and strict organizations, a revised research model based upon TAM was developed in order to assess the usage of the C4I system. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors affecting the usage of C4I in the Korean Army. The research model, based upon TAM, was extended through a belief construct such as self-efficacy as one of mediating variables. The self-efficacy has been used as a mediating variable for technology acceptance, and the variable was included in the research model. The external variables were selected on the basis of previous research. The external variables can be classified into following: 1) technological, 2) organizational, and 3) environmental factors on the basis of TOE(Technology-Organization-Environment) framework. The technological factor includes the information quality and the task-technology fitness. The organizational factor includes the influence of senior colleagues. The environmental factor includes the education/train data. The external variables are considered very important for explaining the behavior patterns of information technology or systems. A structured questionnaire was developed and administrated to those who were using the C4I system. Total 329 data were used for statistical data analyses. A confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation model were used as main statistical methods. Model fitness Indexes for measurement and structured models were verified before all 18 hypotheses were tested. This study shows that the perceived usefulness and the self-efficacy played their roles more than the perceived ease of use did in TAM. In military organizations, the perceived usefulness showed its mediating effects between external variables and dependent variable, but the perceived ease of use did not. These results imply that the perceived usefulness can explain the acceptance processes better than the perceived ease of use in the army. The self-efficacy was also used as one of the three mediating variables, and showed its mediating effects in explaining the acceptance processes. Such results also show that the self-efficacy can be selected as one possible belief construct in TAM. The perceived usefulness was influenced by such factors as senior colleagues, the information quality, and the task-technology fitness. The self-efficacy was affected by education/train and task-technology fitness. The actual usage of C4I was influenced not by the perceived ease of use but by the perceived usefulness and selfefficacy. This study suggests the followings: (1) An extended TAM can be applied to such strict organizations as the army; (2) Three mediation variables are included in the research model and tested at real situations; and (3) Several other implications are discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.19-27
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• 2003

Background: Conscious sedation is a minimally depressed level of consciousness that retains the patient's ability to maintain the airway continuously and to respond appropriately to physical stimulation and verbal command at any time, produced by a pharmacologic or nonpharmacologic method or a combination thereof. In dental anesthesia, a state of sedation in which the conscious patient is rendered free of fear, apprehension, and anxiety through the use of pharmacologic agents. Midazolam is a useful drug of benzodiazepine on minor operation of dentistry. The purpose of this study is to estimate the appropriate dosage protocol of midazolam to the patient receiving intravenous sedation at the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods: Total subject was fifty-one patients and fifteen patients of this subject were decided to control group (Group I) that they were not received intravenous sedation. The experimental group was randomly subdivided into two groups and each of those groups was administrated to 0.05 mg/kg (Group II) and 0.08 mg/kg (Group III) each other. All patients of the subject were surveyed with postoperative one day questionaire to evaluate the level of sedation. Results: In view of antegrade amnesia, 1. Group II and III were statistically different compared to Group 1, respectively. 2. Group II and III were not statistically different. Conclusions: Apparent antegrade amnesia was found in both groups 0.05 mg/kg and 0.08 mg/kg intravenously administered. So we present the protocol of the department of oval and maxillofacial surgery, Kangnung National University Dental Hospital. But further studies concerning patient's age, body weight, and general condition will be carried out.