• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2020

We aimed to determine the effect of timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocols on the pregnancy rate per insemination and pregnancy loss compared with AI performed at detected estrus in dairy cows and Korean Hanwoo cattle under heat stress. In dairy cattle, 1,250 sets of data that underwent AI during heat stress (temperature-humidity index ≥ 72) were categorized according to their TAI protocols or as controls: 1) PGF_2α-36 h-estradiol benzoate (EB)-36 h-TAI (PG-EB group, n = 113); 2) GnRH-7 days-PGF_2α-56 h-GnRH-16 h-TAI (Ovsynch group, n = 455); or 3) GnRH-6 days-Ovsynch (G6G group, n = 136). The remaining cows underwent AI at detected estrus (AIDE group, n = 546). The probability of pregnancy per AI 45 days after AI was higher (P < 0.01) in the PG-EB (odds ratio [OR]: 1.68), Ovsynch (OR: 1.48), and G6G (OR: 1.79) groups than in the AIDE group. However, the prevalence of pregnancy loss between 30 and 45 days after AI did not differ among the groups. In Hanwoo cattle, 617 sets of data inseminated artificially under heat stress were categorized into AIDE (n = 281), PG-EB (n = 194), and combined Ovsynch or G6G (n = 142) groups. The probability of pregnancy per AI 45 days after AI and the prevalence of pregnancy loss between 30 and 45 days after AI did not differ among the groups. Thus, implementation of a TAI protocol (PG-EB, Ovsynch, or G6G) in dairy cows under heat stress improves the pregnancy rate per AI versus AIDE, whereas there is no beneficial effect of TAI on the pregnancy rate of Hanwoo cattle under heat stress.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide) minimal stimulation protocol comparing with GnRH agonist combined long step down stimulation protocol in PCOS patients. Materials and Method: From Apr 2001 to May 2002, 22 patients (22 cycles) were performed in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation using by GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist for PCOS patients. GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide) combined minimal stimulation protocol was administered in 10 patients (10 cycles, Study Group) and GnRH agonist long step down stimulation protocol was administered in 12 patients (12 cycles, Control Group). We compared the pregnancy rate/cycle, total FSH (A)/cycle, Retrieved oocyte/cycle, the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple pregnancy rate between the two groups. Student-t test were used to determine statistical significance. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Results: Group of GnRH antagonist (Cetrorelix) minimal stimulation protocol produced fewer oocytes (6.4 versus 16.3 oocytes/cycle) using a lower dose of FSH (22.2 versus 36.1 Ample/cycle) and none developed OHSS and multiple pregnancy. Although the trends were in favour of the GnRH antagonist (Cetrorelix) protocol, the differences did not reach statistical significance. This was probably due to small sample size. Conclusion: The use of GnRH antagonist reduce the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancy. We suggest that GnRH antagonist might be alternative controlled ovarian hyperstimulation method, especially in PCOS patients who will be ovarian high response.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2003

Ectopic pregnancy is a common medical problem that is difficult to diagnose and potentially may lead to significant mortality or morbidity. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is definitely increasing ue to the rise in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), pelvic surgery, intrauterine device (IUD), and assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Combined ectopic gestations are much rare and their true incidence is unknown. Multiple ectopic gestations may occur in a variety of locations. The majority involve one or both fallopian tubes. We report a case of combined tubal and cervical pregnancies, and discuss their management.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2019

Thrombophilia refers to inherited or acquired hemostatic disorders that result in a predisposition to blood clot formation. When combined with the hypercoagulable state that is characteristic of pregnancy, there is an increased risk of severe and recurrent pregnancy complications. Activated protein C resistance caused by factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation is known to be the most common cause of inherited thrombophilia in Caucasian population. FVL mutation has been related to pregnancy complications associated with hypercoagulation, e.g. miscarriage, intrauterine fetal demise, placental abruption, and intrauterine growth retardation. Although the FVL mutation is easily detected using molecular DNA techniques, patients who are heterozygous for this disorder often remain asymptomatic until they develop a concurrent prothrombotic condition. Because there are potentially serious effects of FVL mutation for pregnancy, and because effective treatment strategies exist, early detection and treatment of this condition might be considered.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.329-339
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• 2024

Purpose: This study investigated the moderating role of general self-efficacy (GSE) on how stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle affect the risk of preterm birth (PTB) in women experiencing preterm labor. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 196 pregnant women experiencing preterm labor before 37 weeks of gestation. We used IBM SPSS Statistics 27 and employed Hayes process macro version 4 (model 1) and hierarchical regression to analyze the moderating effect of GSE on the relationship between pregnancy stress, daily hassle stress, and PTB risk. Results: Stress caused by pregnancy and daily hassle was positively correlated to PTB risk (r = .54, p < .001; r = .25, p < .001, respectively). While GSE did not significantly correlate with pregnancy stress, it negatively correlated with daily hassle stress (r = - .19, p = .009). GSE significantly moderated the relationship between combined stressors and PTB risk. As GSE levels increased, escalation in PTB risk in response to increasing stress levels was a more pronounced, highlighting a complex interaction between higher GSE levels and response to escalating stress levels. This model accounted for 39.5% of the variance in the PTB risk. Conclusion: Higher GSE may amplify the impact of stress on PTB risk, rather than mitigate it, which suggests a more nuanced role of GSE in the stress response of pregnant women at risk of preterm labor. GSE should be considered in care strategies, and managing its impact on stress perception and responses in pregnant women is crucial.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.93-103
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report a case of a pregnant woman diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation that improved in lumbar pain and radiating leg pain through combined korean medical treatment including pharmacopuncture at lumbar facet joints in situations surgical and pharmacological treatment is limited due to pregnancy. Methods: A combination of treatment including pharmacopuncture at lumbar facet joints, acupuncture, cupping, and herbal medicine was provided for 1 month to a woman at 21 weeks pregnant who was diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation. Her progress was assessed with Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), EuroQol-5Dimension (EQ-5D) before and after treatment. Results: After the treatment, the pain decreased and the quality of life was enhanced. No adverse events were observed. Conclusions: The findings indicate that combined korean medical treatment including pharmacopuncture at lumbar facet joints can be safe and effective alternative to treat lumbar disc herniation during pregnancy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2004

Objectives: To investigate the effect of LH receptor in folliculogenesis, we confirm the expression level of LH receptor (LH-R) mRNA in human granulosa cells (GCs) and its expression levels were analyzed by comparison to embryo developmental rate and pregnancy rate. Materials and Methods: GCs were obtained at the time of oocyte retrieval from the patients undergoing IVF-ET program. The patients were divided into two groups: Group I (n=20) is poor responder (retrieved oocyte(s)$\leq$3ea), Group II (n=80) is normal responder (retrieved oocytes>3ea). After the extraction of total RNA, semiquantitative RT-PCR was performed and the expression level of LH-R mRNA was normalized by $\beta$-actin. Statistical analysis was performed by using $X^2$ test, Student's t-test and Pearson correlation. Results: In Group II, the relative values of LH-R mRNA (0.680 vs. 0.463, p<0.005) and pregnancy rate (54.7% vs. 23.1%, p<0.05) were significantly higher than in Group I. Number of retrieved oocyte(s) was gradually increased when the expression of LH-R mRNA was increased (p<0.05). But the quality of retrieved oocyte and transferred embryo were not related with the expression of LH-R mRNA. When the pregnancy rate was compared with FSH only group and FSH combined with hMG group in the ovarian stimulation protocol, FSH combined with hMG group was significantly higher than FSH only group in Group I (37.5% vs. 0%), and the expression of LH-R mRNA was significantly higher in hMG combined group than FSH only group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Expression level of LH-R mRNA has important role in ovarian function related with the response to gonadotrophin in human folliculogenesis. Furthermore these data might provide the evidence that additional use of hMG is helpful to poor responders.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to confirm the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine treatment for treating pregnancy-induced hypertension. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials of pregnancy-induced hypertension treated with herbal medicine, through nine databases. Interventions and results of the selected clinical studies were analyzed. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trials were finally included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment group was treated with herbal medicine alone in two studies, and with herbal medicine and western medicine in nine studies. Control group was treated with western medicine. Taxilli Ramulus (桑寄生) (54.5%) was the most frequently used herb in herbal medicine treatment. In all of eleven studies, treatment group was more effective for pregnancy-induced hypertension than the control group. Conclusions: This study suggested that herbal medicine treatment alone or combined with western medicine treatment could be helpful in improving the therapeutic effect on pregnancy-induced hypertension and reducing side effects as well. However, in order to obtain stronger evidence of herbal medicine treatment for pregnancy-induced hypertension, more high-quality and well-designed randomized controlled trials should be conducted.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1990

This study was carried out to elevating the pregnancy rate in infertile patient by Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT). The GIFT program was performed from July 1988 to June 1990. Of the 131 cycles, the mean age of patient was 31.6 years and the mean duration of infertility was 5.3 years. 41 patients became pregnant, for a pregnancy rate of 31.3%. 5 preclinical abortions and 6 clinincal abortion was occured. 2 ectopic pregnanices and 1 combined pregnancy were occured. 7 twin pregnancies and 1 triplet were occured (multiple pregnancy rate;22.2%). 11 pregnancies were term delivered, 17 are ongoing pregnancies. GIFT may be considered as an alternative to in vitro fertilazation in infertility cases in which at least one fallopian tube is patent.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2004년도 International Conference Current Challenges and Advances in Environmental Health
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• pp.84-85
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• 2004