• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.3-10
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• 2005

The study analyzed the lipid patterns and fatty acid compositions of serum and liver tissues in groups of Sparague-Dawley rats. Some of the groups were fed with an basal diet, which contained com oil (C), grape seed oil (GSO), or perilla oil (P), and the others were fed with a high fat diet, which had cholesterol (1%) and lard (10%) mixed with corn oil (CHF), grape seed oil (GSHF), or perilla oil (PHF). The amount of dietary intake was higher for the basal diet groups than the high fat diet groups. And diet efficiency was significantly low in the group of rats fed with the basal diet mixed with perilla oil. From the analysis of the serum lipid patterns, a significant decrease in total lipid concentration was observed in the group of rats fed on the basal diet mixed with perilla oil and the high fat diet group. The levels of triglyceride and phospholipid were significantly low in the basal diet group when perilla oil or grape seed oil was involved. The ordinary diet groups showed significantly higher in HDL-C than the high fat diet groups. There was no significant difference among the basal diet groups, whether the diet was mixed with grape seed oil, perilla oil, or com oil. However, a significant increase in HDL-C was observed in the group of rats fed with the high fat diet containing perilla oil. For LDL-C, there was a significant difference between the high fat diet groups and the basal diet groups. LDL-C was especially low in the group of rats fed with the high fat diet to which perilla oil was added, and the grape seed-added high fat diet group showed a decreasing tendency in LDL-C. The content of total fat, total cholesterol, and triglyceride was the lowest in the group of rats fed with the perilla oil-containing basal diet, and this group was followed in order by the grape seed oil-containing diet group and com oil-containing diet group. In the analysis of the fatty-acid composition in liver tissue, the high fat diet groups showed an increase in saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids, but a decrease in mono unsaturated fatty acids when compared to the basal diet groups. The composition ratio of fatty acids varied according to which type of oil the diet contains. Our finding suggest that grape seed oil was an apparent diet effect on the fatty-acid composition.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 2001

This study was carried out to obtain the information concerning the perception and utilization patter of the housewives about the edible oil and fats. Data were obtained through questionnaires from 442 housewives in Chonbuk area. The eating frequency of food that used oil & fat was affected by age, residing area and educational level. family's preference score of food that used oil & fats was 3.34 point in the 5 point scale. 47% of the subjects answered that the intake rate of oil & fats had more from vegetable oils than animal sauces. Most of the subjects had negative response such as increased cholesterol and body weight for psychological state after the intake of food that used oil & fats. The main reason why some housewives did not use frequently oil & fats was inconvenience of tidying up. The kinds of the oil & fat used frequently were soybean oil, sesame oil, com oil and perilla oil. The nutrition knowledge score rotated to oil & fat was 7.62 point in the 10 point scale. The eating frequency of food that used oil & fats and its preference were positively correlated. These results indicate that the housewives haute a widespread tendency to pursue a health and convenience in the utilization of edible oil & fats.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of dietary ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid on plasma lipid metabolism and anti thrombotic activity in male Sprague Dwaley Strain rats. Rats weighing an average of $100{\sim}120g$ were fed a experimental diets containing 5% lard (saturated fatty acids), corn oil(linoleic acid), evening promise oil(EPO, 9% ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid) or borage oil(BO, 24% ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid) for 3Odays, respectively. Though there were no significant difference in the food intake among the groups, the body weight gain of the BO group was significantly lower than that of other group. The spleen weight of the lard group was significantly lower than that of other group. The bleeding time of the BO group was significantly longer than that of other group. The blood clotting time was significantly tended to long in EPO and BO groups compared with lard group. The plasma triacylglyceride and total cholesterol concentration were high in order of lard, com oil, EPO and BO, groups and there were significant differences among the groups. The plasma HDL-C concentrations were high in order of BO, EPO, com oil and lard groups and there were significant differences among the groups. The plasma LDL-C concentrations were significantly the highest in lard group, but the lowest in BO group. These data indicate that ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid has a antithrombotic activity, and decrease the plasma triacylglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-C concentrations in rats.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.533-541
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• 2001

This research was carried out to obtain the information about the use of deep-fat-fried foods and treatment of oils used for deep-fat-frying at home. Data were obtained through questionnaires from 442 housewives in Chonbuk area. The frequency of taking deep-fat-fried foods was affected by ages and residential area. Average score for the preference of deep-fat-fried foods was 3.60 in the 5 point scale. Fifty three percent of the respondents prepared deep-fat-fried foods by themselves at home. The oil most commonly used for deep-fat-frying was soybean oil followed by com oil. Proper frying temperature was determined by dropping salt or food coating materials into the oil. Oil color was used as a parameter for determining the life of frying oils by 81.2% of the respondents. Most of the respondents appealed to use oils one more time after filtering. For the disposal of used frying oil, 65.7% of the respondents used some kinds of absorbing papers; 16.1% made soaps and 10.7% discarded into a sink. According to correlation analysis, the frequency of taking deep-fat-fried food had positive relationships with housewives's health status, preference for foods prepared with oil and fats and family's preference for deep-fat-fried foods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1993.10a
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• pp.83-88
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• 1993

This paper persents the measurement method using a spinning cylinder system for stream-ing electrification of transformer oil. The spinning cylinder system has a simple mechan-ical construction, and requires less oil com-pared to the other methods. Alse, the effects of various admixtures on the static electri-fication and properties of tranformer oil can be easily investigated. Experiments showed that addition of the BTA reduced the streaming electrification and the polarity of static electrification wasconver-ted to negative at 50 ∼ 70[ppm] of BTA

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.999-1005
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• 2007

An oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion [20 wt% com oil, 0.5-6.0 wt% fish gelatin (FG), pH 3.0] was produced by high pressure homogenization, and the influence of pH, protein concentration, and homogenization condition on the formation of FG-stabilized emulsions was assessed by measuring particle size distribution, electrical charge, creaming stability, microstructure, and free FG concentration in the emulsions. Optical microscopy indicated that there were some large droplets ($d>10\;{\mu}m$) in all FG-emulsions, nevertheless, the amount of large droplets tended to decrease with increasing FG concentration. More than 90% of FG was present free in the continuous phase of the emulsions. To facilitate droplet disruption and prevent droplet coalescence within the homogenizer, homogenization time was adjusted in O/W emulsions stabilized by 2.0 or 4.0 wt% FG. However, the increase in the number of pass rather promoted droplet coalescence. This study has shown that the FG may have some limited use as a protein emulsifier in O/W emulsions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.1127-1133
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• 2007

Antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects of Red Ginseng (RG, steamed and dried root of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, family Araliaceae), major component of which is ginsenoside Rg3, and Bifidodoterium-fermented RG (FRG), major component of which is ginsenoside Rh2, were investigated. Orally administered RG and FRG potently reduced the serum triglyceride levels in com-oil-induced hypertriglycemidemic mice as well as total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Of the saponin and polysaccharide fractions of RG and FRG, the polysaccharide fraction inhibited postprandial blood glucose elevation of maltose- or starch-loaded mice and reduced the blood triglyceride levels in com-oil-induced hypertriglycemidemic mice. The saponin fraction and its ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2 reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in Triton WR1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. The inhibitory effect of FRG and its main constituents against hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in mice were more potent than those of RG. These findings suggest that hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of RG can be enforced by Bifidus fermentation and FRG may improve hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.251-257
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• 2020

The study investigates the role of commodity prices and tax purpose recognition on bitcoin prices. Since the introduction of bitcoin in 2008, emphasis has focused on economists, policy-makers and analysts drastically increasing bitcoin's accessibility and commodity values (Dumitrescu & Firică, 2014). This study employs GARCH and EGARCH from ARCH/GARCH family on daily nature data. We measure the volatile behavior of bitcoin by employing auto-regressive conditional heteroscedasticity model with the aim to explore the relationship between major commodities and bitcoin volatility. We focus on major commodities like gold, silver, platinum, and crude oil to be regressed with bitcoin. The daily prices of commodities were retrieved from www.investing.com and bitcoin prices from www.coindesk.com for the period from 29April 2013 to 16 October 2018. Results confirmed the currency's long-term volatile behavior, which is due to its composition and market dynamics, whereas the existence of asymmetric information effect is not confirmed. Tax recognition by other countries may in future help in controlling the volatility as bitcoin is not a country-specific security. But, only silver impacts on volatility in comparison to oil prices and platinum, which is due to its similar features with gold. Eventually, bitcoin can be used for risk diversification and money making.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.6-8
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• 2011

In order to produce the organic foods in accord with international standard, organic seeds should be used in organic farming. This study was conducted to establish the stable production of organic seed of waxy com by examining the growing characteristics, seed yield, and the economy for seed production by organic farming. The optimal sowing timing for organic seed production of waxy com hybrid was within 10 days of the $1^{st}$ of May with yield of 88~90% of conventional seed production. The optimal planting density was 41,600 plants/ha ($80{\times}30$ cm) for organic seed production of waxy com. The weight of 100 seeds and seed productivity increased at the planting ratio of 2:1 mother plant:male plant. Growth and seed production were improved by removing male plant at 7~10 days after silking. Organic fertilizer (mixed oil cake) was applied at a rate of 4~6 Mg/ha before sowing. Black plastic mulching was used for weed control. In addition, sex pheromone trap and bio-control agents were used for safe pest control and low labour cost.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2001

Gamigwaruhaebaekwhanggum-Tang (GGHWT) have been evaluated for antihyperlipidemic effects on experimental hyperlipidemic rats and mice induced by Triton WR-1339, com oil and high cholersterol-diet. Especially, GGHWT is formulated with Trichosanthis Fructus, Pinelliae Tuber, Aurantii Immaturus Fructus, Magnoliae Cortex, Allii Macrostemi Bulbuls, Cinnamomi Ramulus and Scutellariae Radix. Oral administration of GGHWT at 500 mg/kg/day for 3 days significantly inhibited the increase of serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol, liver triglyceride in hyperlipidemic rats induced by Triton WR-1339. And, GGHWT significantly inhibited the increase of serum triglyceride in hyperlipidemic rats induced by corn oil. Also, administration of GGHWT (500 mg/kg, once daily for 1 week, p.o.) prevented the increase of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, liver total cholesterol and triglyceride in 1% cholesterol-diet fed mice. These results suggest that GGHWT is effective for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.