Browse > Article

Bifidus Fermentation Increases Hypolipidemic and Hypoglycemic Effects of Red Ginseng  

Trinh, Hien-Trung (Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University)
Han, Sang-Jun (Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University)
Kim, Sang-Wook (Kuan Zenlac Biotech Research Institute, Kuan Indutries Co., Ltd)
Lee, Young-Chul (Korea Food Research Institute)
Kim, Dong-Hyun (Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University)
Publication Information
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology / v.17, no.7, 2007 , pp. 1127-1133 More about this Journal
Abstract
Antihyperlipidemic and antihyperglycemic effects of Red Ginseng (RG, steamed and dried root of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer, family Araliaceae), major component of which is ginsenoside Rg3, and Bifidodoterium-fermented RG (FRG), major component of which is ginsenoside Rh2, were investigated. Orally administered RG and FRG potently reduced the serum triglyceride levels in com-oil-induced hypertriglycemidemic mice as well as total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in Triton WR-1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Of the saponin and polysaccharide fractions of RG and FRG, the polysaccharide fraction inhibited postprandial blood glucose elevation of maltose- or starch-loaded mice and reduced the blood triglyceride levels in com-oil-induced hypertriglycemidemic mice. The saponin fraction and its ginsenosides Rg3 and Rh2 reduced blood triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in Triton WR1339-induced hyperlipidemic mice. The inhibitory effect of FRG and its main constituents against hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in mice were more potent than those of RG. These findings suggest that hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of RG can be enforced by Bifidus fermentation and FRG may improve hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia.
Keywords
Panax ginseng; red ginseng; fermentation; hypolipidemic activity; hypoglycemic activity;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
Times Cited By Web Of Science : 21  (Related Records In Web of Science)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Ismail, M. F., M. Z. Gad, and M. A. Hamdy. 1999. Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Pharmacol. Res. 39: 157-166   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Kim, W. Y, J. M. Kim, S. B. Han, S. K. Lee, N. D. Kim, M. K. Park, C. K. Kim, and J. H. Park. 2000. Steaming of ginseng at high temperature enhances biological activity. J. Nat. Prod. 63: 1702-1704   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Sievenpiper, J. L., M. K. Sung, M. Di Buono, K. Seung-Lee, K. Y. Nam, J. T. Amason, L. A. Leiter, and V. Vuksan. 2006. Korean red ginseng rootlets decrease acute postprandial glycemia: Results from sequential preparation- and dosefinding studies. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 25: 100-107   DOI
4 Lee, I. A., S. W. Min, and D. H. Kim. 2006. Lactic acid bacteria increases hypolipidemic effect of crocin isolated from fructus of Gardenia jasminoides. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 1084-1089   과학기술학회마을
5 Kim, N. and G E. Ji. 2006. Modulatory activity of Bifidobacterium sp. BGN4 cell fractions on immune cells. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 16: 584-589   과학기술학회마을
6 Wakabayashi, C., K. Murakami, H. Hasegawa, J. Murata, and I. Saiki. 1998. An intestinal bacterial metabolite of ginseng protopanaxadiol saponins has the ability to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 246: 725-730   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Cho, W. C., W. S. Chung, S. K. Lee, A. W. Leung, C. H. Cheng, and K. K. Yue. 2006. Ginsenoside Re of Panax ginseng possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic efficacies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 550: 173-179   DOI
8 Nyman, M. 1995. Effects of processing on dietary fibre in vegetables. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 49 Suppl 3: S215-218
9 Bae, E. A., M. J. Han, M. K. Choo, S. Y. Park, and D. H. Kim. 2002. Metabolism of 20(S)- and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 by human intestinal bacteria and its relation to in vitro biological activities. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 25: 58-63   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Bae, E. A., Y. J. Hyun, M. K. Choo, J. K. Oh, J. H. Ryu, and D. H. Kim. 2004. Protective effect of fermented red ginseng on transient focal ischemic rats. Arch. Pharm. Res. 27: 1136-1140   DOI
11 Cui, X., T. Sakaguchi, D. Ishizuka, K. Tsukada, and K. Hatakeyama. 1998. Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats. J. Int. Med. Res. 26: 181-187   DOI
12 Hur, H. J., K. W. Lee, H. Y. Kim, D. K. Chung, and H. J. Lee. 2006. In vitro immunopotentiating activities of cellular fractions of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi and bifidobacteria. J. Microbiol. Biatechnol. 16: 661-666   과학기술학회마을
13 Lee, W. K., S. T. Kao, I. M. Liu, and J. T. Cheng. 2006. Increase of insulin secretion by ginsenoside Rh2 to lower plasma glucose in Wistar rats. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 33: 27-32   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Bae, E. A., S. Y. Park, and D. H. Kim. 2000. Constitutive glucosidases hydrolyzing ginsenoside Rb1 and Rb2 from human intestinal bacteria. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 23: 1481-1485   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Choi, H. J., N. J. Kim, and D. H. Kim. 2000. Inhibitory effects of crude drugs on alpha-glucosidase. Arch. Pharm. Res. 23: 261-266   DOI
16 Sotaniemi, E. A., E. Haapakoski, and A. Rautio. 1995. Ginseng therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 18: 1373-1375   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Waki, I., H. Kyo, M. Yasuda, and M. Kimura. 1982. Effects of a hypoglycemic component of ginseng radix on insulin biosynthesis in normal and diabetic animals. J. Pharmacobiodyn. 5: 547-554   DOI
18 Rendell, M. S. and L. Jovanovic. 2006. Targeting postprandial hyperglycemia. Metabolism 55: 1263-1281   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Duhault, J., M. Boulanger, L. Beregi, N. Sicot, and F. Bouvier. 1976. 780 SE: A new type of hypolipemic agent. Comparative assays in rats. Atherosclerosis 23: 63-72   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Park, E. K., M. K. Choo, E. J. Kim, M. J. Han, and D. H. Kim. 2003. Antiallergic activity of ginsenoside Rh2. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26: 1581-1584   DOI   ScienceOn
21 Goldstein, J. L., H. G. Schrott, W. R. Hazzard, E. L. Bierman, and A. G. Motulsky. 1973. Hyperlipidemia in coronary heart disease. II. Genetic analysis of lipid levels in 176 families and delineation of a new inherited disorder, combined hyperlipidemia. J. Clin. Invest. 52: 1544-1568   DOI
22 Attele, A. S., J. A. Wu, and C. S. Yuan. 1999. Ginseng pharmacology: Multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem. Pharmacol. 58: 1685-1693   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Steinkraus, K. H. 1983. Lactic acid fermentation in the production of foods from vegetables, cereals and legumes. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 49: 337-348   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Mochizuki, M., Y. C. Yoo, K. Matsuzawa, K. Sato, I. Saiki, S. Tono-oka, K. Samukawa, and I. Azuma. 1995. Inhibitory effect of tumor metastasis in mice by saponins, ginsenoside Rb2, 20(R)- and 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 of Red ginseng. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 18: 1197-1202   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Bae, E. A., M. J. Han, E. J. Kim, and D. H. Kim. 2004. Tranformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenoside Rh2 by acids and human intestinal bacterial and biological activities of their transformants. Arch. Pharm. Res. 27: 61-67   DOI
26 Oshima, Y., C. Konno, and H. Hikino. 1985. Isolation and hypoglycemic activity ofpanaxans I, J, K, and L, glycans of Panax ginseng roots. J. Ethnopharmacol. 14: 255-259   DOI   ScienceOn
27 Kim, S. H. and K. S. Park. 2003. Effects of Panax ginseng extract on lipid metabolism in humans. Pharmacol. Res. 48: 511-513   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Rho, M. C., H. S. Lee, S. W. Lee, J. S. Chang, O. E. Kwon, M. Y. Chung, and Y. K. Kim. 2005. Polyacetylenic compounds, ACAT inhibitors from the roots of Panax ginseng. J. Agric. Food Chem. 53: 919-922   DOI   ScienceOn
29 Kim, Y S., K. S. Kang, and S. I. Kim. 1990. Study on antitumor and immunomodulating activities of polysaccharide fractions from Panax ginseng: Comparison of effects of neutral and acidic polysaccharide fraction. Arch. Pharm. Res. 13: 330-337   DOI
30 Kitagawa, I., M. Yoshikawa, M. Yoshihara, T. Hayashi, and T. Taniyama. 1983. Chemical studies of crude drugs (1). Constituents of Ginseng radix rubra. Yakugaku Zasshi 103: 612-622   DOI