• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.775-792
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• 2014

Static loading tests were carried out in this study to investigate the effect of bar cutoff on the resistance of RC beam-column sub-assemblages under column loss. Two specimens were designed with continuous main reinforcement. Four others were designed with different types of bar cutoff in the mid-span and/or the beam-end regions. Compressive arch and tensile catenary responses of the specimens under gravitational loading were compared. Test results indicated that those specimens with approximately equal moment strength at the beam ends had similar peak loading resistance in the compressive arch phase but varied resistance degradation in the transition phase because of bar cutoff. The compressive bars terminated at one-third span could help to mitigate the degradation although they had minor contribution to the catenary action. Among those cutoff patterns, the K-type cutoff presented the best strength enhancement. It revealed that it is better to extend the steel bars beyond the mid-span before cutoff for the two-span beams bridging over a column vulnerable to sudden failure. For general cutoff patterns dominated by gravitational and seismic designs, they may be appropriately modified to minimize the influence of bar cutoff on the progressive collapse resistance.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.83-98
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• 2018

This research was conducted to study the behavior of exterior concrete beam-column joints with reinforced shape memory alloy (SMA) bars tested under cyclic loading. These bars benefit from superelastic behavior and can stand high loads without residual strains. The experimental part of the study, 8 specimens of exterior concrete beam-column joints were made and tested. Two different types of concrete with 30 and 45 MPa were used. Four specimens contained SMA bars and 4 specimens contained steel bars in beam-column joints. Furthermore, different transverse reinforcements were used in beams investigate the effects of concrete confinement. Specimens were tested under cyclic loading. Results show that SMA bars are capable of recentering to their original shape after standing large displacements. Due to the superelastic behavior of SMA bars, cracks at the joint core vanish under cyclic loading. As the cyclic loading increased, bending failure occurred in the beam outside the joint core. In the analytical parts of the study, specimens were simulated using the SeismoStruct software. Experimental and analytical results showed a satisfactory correlation. Plastic hinge length at the beam joint for specimens with SMA and steel bars was calculated by empirical equations, experimental and analytical results. It was shown that Paulay's and Priestley's equations are appropriate for concrete beam-column joints in both types of bars.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.223-241
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• 2007

Seven full-scale exterior beam-column joints were produced and tested under reversible cyclic loads to determine. Two of these seven specimens were produced using ordinary reinforced concrete (RC). Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) was placed in three different regions of the beams of the rest five specimens to determine the extent of the region where SFRC is the most effective. The extent of the region of SFRC was kept constant at the columns of all five specimens. Three of these five specimens which had one stirrup in the joint, were tested to evaluate the effect of the stirrup on the behavior of the beam-column joint together with SFRC. In production of the specimens with SFRC, all special requirements of the Turkish Earthquake Code related to the spacing of hoops were disregarded. Previous researches reported in the literature indicate that the fiber type, the volume content, and the aspect ratio of steel fibers affect the behavior of beam-column joints produced with SFRC. The results of the present investigation show that the behavior of exterior beam-column joints depends on the extent of the region where SFRC is used and the usage of stirrup in the joint, in addition to the parameters listed in the literature.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2018

In this study, experimental research was carried out to evaluate the seismic performance of reinforced concrete exterior beam-column joint regions using hybrid retrofitting with AFRP sheets and embedded CFRP reinforcements in existing reinforced concrete building. Therefore it was constructed and tested three specimens retrofitting the beam-column joint regions using such retrofitting materials. Specimens, designed by retrofitting the beam-column joint regions of existing reinforced concrete structure, were showed the stable failure mode and increase of load-carrying capacity due to the effect of crack control at the times of initial loading and confinement of retrofitting materials during testing. Specimens RBCJ-SRA3 designed by the retrofitting of AFRP sheets and embedded CFRP reinforcements in reinforced exterior beam-column joint regions were increased its maximum load carrying capacity by 1.86 times and its energy dissipation capacity by 1.65 times in comparison with standard specimen RBCJ for a displacement ductility of 5.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.81-105
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• 2022

The use of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column is widely accepted due to its property of high axial load carrying capacity, more ductility and more resistant to earthquake specially using in bridges and high-rise buildings. The initial imperfection (δ) that produces during casting or fixing causes the reduction in load carrying capacity, this is the reason, experimental capacity is always less then theoretical one. In this research, the effect of δ on load carrying capacity and behavior of concrete filled steel tube (CFST) column have been investigated by numerically simulation of large number of models with different δ and other geometric parameters that include length (L), width (B), steel tube thickness (t), f'_c and f_y. Finite element analysis software ANSYS v18 is used to develop model of SCFST column to evaluate strength capacity, buckling and failure pattern of member which is applied during experimental study under cyclic axial loading. After validation of results, 42 models with different parameters are evaluated to develop empirical equation predicting axial load carrying capacity for different value of δ. Results indicate that empirical equation shows the 0 to 9% error for finite element analysis Forty-two models in comparison with ANSYS results, respectively. Empirical equation can be used for predicting the axial capacity of early estimating the axial capacity of SCFT column including 𝛿.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2011

높은 축력비가 적용된 무피복 CFT기둥은 보통 중저층 건물에서 2시간 이하의 내화성능을 확보하는데 적용 가능하나, 고층건물에서 요구되는 3시간의 내화성능을 만족시키지는 못한다. 따라서 고층건물에 무피복 CFT기둥을 적용하기 위해서는 추가적인 내화성능 향상방안이 제시되어야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 무피복 CFT기둥의 내화성능 향상방안으로써 Double CFT기둥을 설정하였다. 본 연구에서는 실대크기의 무피복 CFT기둥과 Double CFT기둥에 대한 재하가열실험을 수행하였다. 이를 통해, Double CFT기둥의 적용에 따른 내화성능 향상 효과 및 강관의 단면형상 변화에 따른 영향을 비교 평가해 보고자 한다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호통권72호
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• pp.695-703
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 4개의 철골 해석모델과 1개의 합성보 해석모델에 대한 단조가력 해석의 결과를 나타냈다. 철골 기둥-보 접합부에서 웨브의 모멘트 전달효율과 변형도 집중에 대해서 조사하였다. 해석결과 각형기둥을 가진 모델의 모멘트 전달효율은 각형기둥 플랜지의 면외변형 때문에 H-기둥을 가진 모델에 비해서 빈약했다. 스캘럽과 얇은 각형기둥 두께 및 슬래브도 또한 모멘트 전달효율의 저하를 가져오는 원인으로서, 이는 보-기둥 접합부의 파단을 초래할 가능성이 크다. 해석 결과는 실험결과와 비교하였다. 실험결과를 기초로 하면, 각형기둥 또는 슬래브가 있는 접합부의 변형능력은 빈약한 모멘트 전달효율과 이에 따른 플랜지의 변형도 집중에 의해 감소했다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2007

본 연구는 플랫 플레이트 구조에서 직사각형 외부기둥-슬래브 접합부의 뚫림전단강도에 관한 실험결과에 관하여 다룬다. 직사각형 기둥의 형상비 증가에 따른 뚫림전단거동을 평가하기 위해 위험단면의 길이를 일정한 값이 되도록 기둥 단면크기를 산정하고 총 8개의 실험체를 계획하였다. 두 수준의 콘크리트 압축강도($f^{\prime}_c=24$, 40MPa)에 대하여 기둥단면의 형상비(${\beta}_c=C_1$/$C_2=2.0{\sim}4.5$)와 슬래브 철근비가 변수에 포함된다. 실험결과 기둥의 형상비가 증가할수록 뚫림전단강도는 감소하였고 형상비 증가에 따른 뚫림전단강도 감소율은 점차로 작게 나타났다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 고강도 콘크리트 기둥-일반강도 콘크리트 슬래브 접합부의 구속도, 형상비 (h/c), 강도비 ($f^{\prime}_{cc}/f_{cs}$)에 따른 구조거동 분석하였다. 유한요소해석 프로그램을 통해 해석적 연구가 수행되었으며, 해석 방법의 검증을 위하여 기존의 구조 실험과 동일한 조건의 해석 부재를 제작하여 결과를 비교하였다. 부재의 종류는 내부기둥, 외부기둥, 모서리기둥, 독립기둥으로 분류하였으며 내부기둥에서 가장 높은 극한강도를 보였다. 또한 형상비가 증가할수록 접합부에 작용하는 축방향 응력이 작게 나타났으며 강도비가 증가할수록 부재의 극한강도가 상승하였으나 1.83이후로는 뚜렷한 강도 증진을 나타내지 않았다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.89-110
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• 2014

Nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out to investigate the influence of the pinching hysteretic response of the exterior RC beam-column joints on the seismic behavior of multistory RC frame structures. The effect of the pinching on the local and global mechanisms of an 8-storey bare frame and an 8-storey pilotis type frame structure is evaluated. Further, an experimental data bank extracted from literature is used to acquire experimental experience of the range of the real levels that have to be considered for the pinching effect on the hysteretic response of the joints. Thus, three different cases for the hysteretic response of the joints are considered: (a) joints with strength and stiffness degradation characteristics but without pinching effect, (b) joints with strength degradation, stiffness degradation and low pinching effect and (c) joints with strength degradation, stiffness degradation and high pinching effect. For the simulation of the beam-column joints a special-purpose rotational spring element that incorporates the examined hysteretic options developed by the authors and implemented in a well-known nonlinear dynamic analysis program is employed for the analysis of the structural systems. The results of this study indicate that the effect of pinching on the local and global responses of the examined cases is not really significant at early stages of the seismic loading and especially in the cases when strength degradation in the core of exterior joint has occurred. Nevertheless in the cases when strength degradation does not occur in the joints the pinching may increase the demands for ductility and become critical for the columns at the base floor of the frame structures. Finally, as it was expected the ability for energy absorption was reduced due to pinching effect.