• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.6 s.91
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• pp.10-15
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• 2006

In this article, effect of the dyeing and mechanical properties were investigated on the polyester ultramicro fiber(UMF) and knitted fabric varying fiber fineness(0.01d and 0.05d). By a treatment with NaOH solution, sea-ingredient was removed and polyester micro-fiber was revealed. The dyeing, build-up and fastness properties of the fiber and fabrics were observed. We used C.I. Disperse Red 60 and Blue 56 for dyeing property and eight Lumacron dyes for build-up property and colorfastness. At low temperature dyeing($100^{\circ}C$), the dyeing rate of 0.01d-polyester UME increased more than that of 0.05d-polyester UMF with Disperse Red 60 and Blue 56 whereas dyeing rate of 0.05d-polyester UMF were increased more than that of 0.01d-polyester UMF at high temperature($120^{\circ}C$), The colorfastnesses of the 0.05d-fiber knitted fabric such as washing, rubbing and light was higher than those of the 0.01d-fiber knitted fabric.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.817-824
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• 2016

The introduction of natural dyes into modern dye houses is very promising green chemistry concept that should be popularized more to reduce the dependency of leather dyeing on some toxic and non-biodegradable synthetic dyes. In this study, the properties of dyeing of cochineal on cow leather were evaluated. The proper dyeing conditions were identified with dye uptake (K/S values) depending on the colorant concentration, dyeing duration, dyeing temperature, and dye bath pH. For the proper mordanting conditions, color changes for different mordants were observed as $La^{*}b^{*}$ and H V/C values. Color fastness (light, rubbing, and dry cleaning) was also examined. Additionally, antibacterial properties and UV protection were examined. The results were as follows: The optimized dyeing conditions were 300% o.w.f., $40^{\circ}C$, 40 min., and pH 5. The cow leather color was red in the absence of mordanting, while it was red purple after being mordanted with Al and Cu, and purple mordanted with Fe. The K/S value of cow leathers increased in the order of the dyeing using $AlK(SO_4)_2$ > $CuSO_4$ > $FeSO_4$. The colorfastness to light and rubbing were reduced compared to original (untreated) cow leather. However dry cleaning fastness was very satisfactory, with a 4~5 rating. The dyed and pre-mordanting dyed cow leather showed excellent antibacterial properties.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2004

Natural dyeing means coloring with dyes extracted from plants, minerals or animals found in nature. Natural dyeing provides calm and natural colors; it has antibacterial and deodorizing qualities; and the dyeing process is environmentally friendly. This study extracted natural dyes from young fruit by thinning out the superfluous fruits of Naju pear trees, and then examined its dyeing properties, the optimal dyeing conditions, and its color fastness for practical use. The results indicated that dyeing is ideal when it had Cu mordant treatment (5% concentration at 9$0^{\circ}C$, pH 4) for 50 min. The color fastness of natural dyes with Cu mordant treatment was very excellent after rubbing and dry cleaning, and also good after exposure to perspiration, light and washing.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is searching the Elm-Bark dyes' dyeability and antibacterial activities according to the dyeing time, pH, a mordant and the method of mordancy. We used two kinds of Elm-Bark dyes which's extracted by the Electrolytic reduction water and Distilled water. Silk fabric and Cotton/nylon union fabric was used for this study. The results are as follow. K/S value is increased according to the dyeing time and the suitable pH level is pH 3. Dyeability is good with Iron(II) sulfate$(FeSO_4\cdot{7H}_2O)$ on the pre-mordancy and Potassium dichromate$(K_2Cr_2O_7)$ on the post-mordancy. The Elm-Bark dyes by the Electrolytic reduction water has good colorfastness more than by the Distilled water. Antibacterial activities is excellent and the ratio is over than 99.5%.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.143-154
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• 2017

This study was conducted to develop fabrics using non-toxic and eco-friendly natural dyes made from curcuma and coffee extract. The natural dyes were applied to non-printed cotton fabrics using the dip dyeing method, and the pattern was hand-printed onto the dyed fabrics to make dyed printed-fabrics. The four types of developed fabric samples were compared to analyze the effects of the dyeing materials and printing on the hygienic properties of curcuma- and coffee-dyed fabrics. The findings were as follows. First, air permeability of both curcuma- and coffee-dyed fabrics was greatly affected by the presence of patterns, although the type of dye did not seem to have an effect. Printing greatly reduced air permeability of the fabric, and coffee-dyed fabric showed greater reduction of dyeing method than curcuma-dyed fabric. Moisture regain also tended to decrease with printing, but the change was much smaller compared to air permeability. Second, increased UV blockage was observed in curcuma- and coffee-dyed fabrics with patterns compared to non-printed fabrics, showing that printing enhanced UV blocking. Third, deodorization rate tended to increase sharply for both curcuma- and coffee-dyed fabrics until 30 minutes and gradually increased thereafter to yield 30% for curcuma and 50% for coffee at 120 minutes, demonstrating higher deodorization of coffee dye. Coffee-dyed fabric showed an antibacterial rate about twice as high as that of curcuma-dyed fabric, and the observed data suggest that curcuma-dyed fabric had an insignificant level of antibiosis. Fourth, printing significantly enhanced wash, sunlight, and compound colorfastness of the two types of dyed fabrics. The effect of printing was most dramatic on sunlight and compound colorfastness, which are aspects in which natural dyed fabrics perform poorly in general. Eventually, the development and application of biologically- and environmentally-friendly fabrics with natural dyes correspond with increased interest towards the wellness and healthy attitudes of modern society.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.45-53
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• 2004

Natural dyes have poor colorfastness as a result of the exposure of the dyed fabric to sunlight encountered during the display or wearing. As colors on fabrics fade excessively under sunlight, it is a problem to infer and restore the historic textiles with natural-dyed fabrics to original colors. The object of this study is to analyse the factors affected to color change under light. In experimental, fifteen natural dyes were dyed by the Korean traditional dyeing methods onto natural fiber fabrics: cotton, silk, ramie, and flex. Total 49 dyed fabrics in combination with dyes and fibers were used for the specimen. The Weather-O-meter was used for evaluating the effects of exposure to light for 2.5 to 450 hours. The process of color changes in the CIEL *A*B* color-order system to the exposure time were determined by spectrophotometer at 10$^{\circ}$ observer. Sunlight exposure caused significant changes in the color of natural-dyed fabrics. The degree and nature of color changes on the fabrics were dependent on the combination of fiber and the type of dye used. The groups of violet(Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb.et Zucc.) and black color(Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Phus trichocarpa Miq) yielded excellent colorfastness to light. The group of indigo blue color(Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) was also very resistant to fading in both exposure except silk. Whereas the dye groups of Red, Yellow, Orange, Brown colors indicated greatest changes in fading, particularly Carthamus tinctorius L.

• Plant Resources
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.206-209
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• 2002

This study was performed to investigate the effect of Mentha arvensis Herba extract on the treatment of chromaticity and colorfastness. Mentha arvensis Herba has been used as a Korean medicine. It is effective in headache and stress. It is also good as a aphtha and in treating cold. In the long history of Korea, dyeing has been applied for a means representing the grace of natural and inner esthetic consciousness of man. Vegetable dyes give us such great benefits, diversified color, but no pollution. And ramie fabric has distinctive features such as beautiful brilliance, elegance, and strong durability. So, it is regarded as a special product of Korea traditionally. These studies were carried out to treat with acetate iron, dichloride copper and alum with a mordant to ramie fabric. The ramie fabric was died with Mentha arvensis Herba extract. The results of experiment showed as follows: First, the chromophoric degree was the highest in acetate iron but not distinction in another mordants. Second, the light colorfastness was the highest in non treated and dichloride copper, but alum was the lowest. Third, the discoloration was alum and dichloride copper showed first grade in washing colorfastness. Abrasion colorfastness was not significant in this test. According the previous results, Mentha arvensis Herba has an efficiency in removing aphtha and in treating cold. So it is considered that Mentha arvensis Herba can be applied effectively to headache and stress.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.248-261
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• 2023

The conditions for minimizing dyes and additives when dyeing cellulose fibers such as linen, ramie, and hemp fabrics were obtained using glucose, an organic reducing agent. Dyeability and colorfastness were measured through repeated dyeing. The overall surface dyeing concentration followed the linen>hemp>ramie order, and most of the colors were in the range of PB (PurpleBlue). As the glucose concentration increased, the blue series was strengthened, and the color was dark and clear. It was determined that glucose the concentration of 4g/L was appropriate for minimizing the amount of dye. When the dyeing temperature was 30℃, the surface dyeing concentration was the highest, and the color was dark and clear. Although the dyeing concentration increased as NaOH concentration increased, 3g/L (pH 12.37) was considered appropriate for the minimum NaOH concentration, which becomes gradual after the dyeing concentration increased rapidly. It was found that the surface dyeing concentration, when repeated six times for 5 min, was better than that of dyeing once for 30 min. Washing, rubbing, and perspiration colorfastness were all found to be excellent in grades 4-4-5, and colorfastness to light was excellent in grades 5 of linen and hemp and grade 4 of ramie.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.247-250
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the discrimination of Angelica gigas, Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis on the treatment of chromaticity and colorfastness. Angelica gigantis root has been used as a Korean traditional medicine for the treatment of woman disease. Natural dyes give us many great benefits, including diversified color, but no pollution. These studies were carried out acetate iron, dichloride copper and alum with a mordant to ramie fabric. The ramie fabric was dyed with Angelica gigas, Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis. The results of experiment showed as follows: In discrimination by dyeing, the colors of Angelica acutiloba and Angelica sinensis were very similar, but that of Angelica gigas was different. There were no differences among colors of materials using non-mordant. But dyeing with iron acetate and copper dichloride were showed dark in Angelica gigas than other angelica species.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.314-324
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to obtain the dyed-fabrics of the elaborate patterns using the natural dye powders extracted from Galla Rhois, Sophorae Flos Immaturus, Clove, Sappan Wood, Madder, Log Wood and Japanese Green Alder. Specific informations on the separation and powder-making of each colorant were disclosed. Appropriate printing paste preparation and printing conditions including the viscosity and mordant concentration in the printing paste were investigated. The dyeability and colorfastness of the screen-printed silk fabrics with the colorant powders were discussed in terms of practical applicability. The deodorization and antimicrobial activities of the silk fabrics screen-printed with natural dyes were also assessed.