• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제18권9호
• /
• pp.1219-1224
• /
• 2008

Neural crest는 신경계의 발생과정에서 생긴 특정화된 외배엽으로서 말초신경계(peripheral nervous system)의 모든 sensory cells과 fibers, 자율신경계의 대부분의 peripheral cells, unipolar spinal ganglion cell, cranial sensory ganglia, peripheral nerve의 neurolemmal sheath cells, ganglia의 capsule cells, sympathetic ganglia, chromaffin cells, pigment cell 등이 분화한다. Fish의 경우는 melanin을 가지고 있는 melanophores, yellow pigment를 가지고 있는 xanthopores, reflecting platelets를 가지고 있는 iridophores등 3가지의 pigment-producing cell을 가지고 있다. 다양한 pigement들의 deposition, distribution에 의해 Fish와 amphibian에서 볼 수 있는 수많은 color와 pattern이 만들어지게 된다. Embryonic neural crest가 patterning을 연구하기에 아주 좋은 모델임에도 불구하고, choromatophores의 cell-signaling mechanism에 관한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 melanosomes의 melanocyt로의 이동기작과 이들의 dentiritic processe를 밝히기 밝히기 위해 phosphorylaion assay와 투과형 전자 현미경(transmission electron microscope)등을 이용한 다양한 실험들을 토대로, Lithium에 의해 유도되는 morphological alteration에 IP cell signaling pathway에 의해 조절되는 단백질의 하나인 55-kDa단백질의 인산화가 중요한 역할을 함을 밝혔다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.172-177
• /
• 2014

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the dietary effects of conventional or lutein fortified chlorella on lutein absorptions, the tissue distributions and the changes in lutein content of eggs in laying hens. In Exp 1, a total of one hundred and fifty, 70 wk-old Hy-Line brown layers were divided into three groups with five replicates and fed with each experiment diet (control diet, diet with 1% conventional chlorella or lutein fortified chlorella) for 2 wk, respectively. The egg production in groups fed diets containing both chlorella powders were higher than that of the control group (p<0.01). With chlorella supplementations, the yolk color significantly increased, although there were no significant differences in the eggshell qualities. The lutein contents of serum, liver and growing oocytes were greatly increased by feeding conventional or lutein fortified chlorella (p<0.01). In Exp. 2, a total of ninety 60 wk-old Hy-Line brown layers were assigned into three groups with three replicates per group (10 birds per replicate). The birds were fed with one of three experimental diets (0, 0.1 or 0.2% lutein fortified chlorella) for 2 wk, respectively. The egg production was not affected by dietary treatments. The egg weight in the group fed with diet containing 0.2% of lutein fortified chlorella was higher than that of the control (p<0.05). As the dietary chlorella levels increased, the daily egg mass linearly increased, although not significantly. The yolk colors in groups fed diets containing lutein fortified chlorella were dramatically increased as compared to the control (p<0.001). The lutein in chicken eggs significantly increased when fed with 0.2% of lutein fortified chlorella (p<0.01). These results suggested that the dietary lutein derived from chlorella was readily absorbed into the serum and absorbed by the liver with growing oocyte for commercial laying hens. Particularly, the lutein fortified chlorella was a valuable natural source for the production of lutein enriched chicken eggs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.1544-1550
• /
• 2008

The retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives) play a critical role in vision, growth, reproduction, cell differentiation and embryonic development. Using the IMpRH panel, porcine cellular retinol binding protein genes 5 and 7 (RBP5 and RBP7) were assigned to porcine chromosomes 5 and 6, respectively. The complete coding sequences (CDS) of the RBP5 and RBP7 genes were amplified using the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and the deduced amino acid sequences of both genes were compared to human corresponding proteins. The mRNA distributions of the two genes in adult Wuzhishan pig tissues (lung, skeletal muscle, spleen, heart, stomach, large intestine, lymph node, small intestine, liver, brain, kidney and fat) were examined. A total of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in two genes. Three of these SNPs were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction-fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method in Laiwu, Wuzhishan, Guizhou, Bama, Tongcheng, Yorkshire and Landrace pig breeds. Association analysis of genotypes of these SNP loci with economic traits was done in our experimental populations. Significant associations of different genotypes of $RBP5-A/G^{63}$, $RBP5-A/G^{517}$ and $RPB5-T/C^{intron1-90}$ loci with traits including maximum carcass length (LM), minimum carcass length (LN), marbling score (MS), back fat thickness at shoulder (SBF), meat color score (MCS) and hematocrit (HCT) were detected. These SNPs may be useful as genetic markers in genetic improvement for porcine production.

• 한국생활과학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.841-855
• /
• 2009

The main objective of this study is to examine the situations of group-homes for the elderly and clarify the problems of them. This study investigates the present conditions of welfare facilities and supply conditions. 4 group-homes were surveyed in Jeonju and Kwangju cities. Data was collected through various ways including the survey conducted by facility operators, the measurement of living space, and photo-takings. The major results of this study are as follows: 1) With the introduction of nursing care insurance in 2008, the increase of the demand and supply to group-home will be expected, due to less cost for recuperation. The care of elderly in homelike atmosphere is effective to the elderly suffering from dementia. Therefore, it is proper that the supply of group-homes for dementia will be needed. 2) Group-homes for the elderly are being supplied under the standards of welfare facilities in the present. Separate supply standards, however, are needed because they are not suitable for small scale group-homes. 3) To supply Group-homes for the elderly on a one-unit basis would cause various problems such as economical unreality, personnel distribution and so on. It is necessary to supply more than two units for more efficient management. 4) The management of group-homes for the elderly is financially unstable because the operating funds heavily depend on the users or people who are connected with the facilities through private networks. Therefore, additional support is needed to settle the financial problem. It would be helpful to build the public networking that provides information about the group-home for the elderly for the public. 5) In case of the increase in the supply of the group-home in a residential area, it could be helpful to promote the group-home to the public. 6) The operators state that the main problems of group homes for the elderly lie in financial difficulties and the shortage of professionals and volunteers. The financial, personnel, and material support for personnel and the supervision of management are required for the transparency and effectiveness of the facility management. In addition, the closer network and cooperation system with the community is required. 7) The present living environments for group-homes for the elderly leave much room for improvement, considering the physical condition of the elderly. The more careful selections in the color, shape, material, and equipment of the facilities should be made for the convenience of the elderly users.

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.123-135
• /
• 2018

본 연구에서는 채색문화재에 사용된 녹색안료 석록을 국내 산출 석록원광 및 수입산 석록원광과 비교하여 석록의 산지에 대한 단서를 찾고자 하였다. 이를 위해 채색문화재의 화학적, 광물학적 특성을 휴대용 X선형광(p-XRF), 미소부 X선회절과(micro XRD) 주사전자현미경/에너지분산스펙트로메터(SEM/EDS) 분석으로 규명하였다. 석록에 함유되어 있는 납을 열이온화질량분석기로 분석하여 납동위원소비를 구하였다. 채색문화재 중 단청의 석록에서는 atacamite (or botallackite)와 소량의 brochantite, 불화에서는 이외에 malachite가 동정되었다. 종류를 불문하고 채색문화재에 사용된 석록은 Cu와 Cl로 이루어진 atacamite가 대부분이다. 납동위원소비 분석에서는 채색문화재 내 석록이 Mabuchi가 제안한 동북아에 대한 지역별 구분에서 한국남부지역보다 한국북부지역과 중국북부지역 그리고 일본 것과 유사하다. 국내 산출 녹색광물의 납동위원소비는 채색문화재 내 석록의 분포 안에 속하나 수입산 공작석은 큰 차이를 보였다. 채색문화재 내 석록의 주광물인 atacamite가 한반도 남쪽 광산에서는 매우 드물게 산출되는 것과 납동위원소비 결과를 종합할 때 우리나라 채색문화재에 사용된 석록이 한반도 이남에서 산출되었을 가능성은 적다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.287-298
• /
• 2020

When producing rice products, it is very important to select suitable raw materials. Therefore, in this study, the quality characteristics of 16 rice cultivars were quantified to determine the criteria for evaluating the machinability of raw rice. The L value, which can affect the color of porridge prepared from rice, was the greatest for Hwaseonchalbyeo (84.17). The water-binding capacity, related to water interaction, was high in Hyangcheola (113.2%), and water solubility was high in Shingil (22.3%). Dodamssal (42.3%, 70.7 RVU) and Hwaseonchalbyeo (4.7%, 27.8 RVU) showed lower final viscosity compared to the cultivars in which the amylose content was medium groups (16.4~21.2%, 173.6~277.2 RVU). Specifically, cultivars with high or low amylose content had a low viscosity. The characteristics of the distribution of raw rice quality data were confirmed through 11 histograms. Furthermore, amylose content vs. water solubility, water solubility vs. peak viscosity, and peak viscosity vs. final viscosity showed high correlations (r=0.542, -0.569, and 0.836 respectively, p<0.01), and clear cultivar discrimination by the standard error of the mean (0.765~10.811). In conclusion, amylose content, water solubility, and peak viscosity were considered the most suitable characteristics for the quality evaluation of raw rice.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.235-258
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate climatological variations from the temporal and spatial surface particulate organic carbon (POC) estimates based on SeaWiFS spectral radiance, and to determine the physical mechanisms that affect the distribution of pac in the Gulf of Mexico. 7-year monthly mean values of surface pac concentration (Sept. 1997 - Dec. 2004) were estimated from Maximum Normalized Difference Carbon Index (MNDCI) algorithm using SeaWiFS data. Synchronous 7-year monthly mean values of remote sensing data (sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface wind (SSW), sea surface height anomaly (SSHA), precipitation rate (PR)) and recorded river discharge data were used to determine physical forcing factors. The spatial pattern of POC was related to one or more factors such as river runoff, wind-derived current, and stratification of the water column, the energetic Loop Current/Eddies, and buoyancy forcing. The observed seasonal change in the POC plume's response to wind speed in the western delta region resulted from seasonal changes in the upper ocean stratification. During late spring and summer, the low-density river water is heated rapidly at the surface by incoming solar radiation. This lowers the density of the fresh-water plume and increases the near-surface stratification of the water column. In the absence of significant wind forcing, the plume undergoes buoyant spreading and the sediment is maintained at the surface by the shallow pycnocline. However, when the wind speed increases substantially, wind-wave action increases vertical motion, reducing stratification, and the sediment were mixed downward rather than spreading laterally. Maximum particle concentrations over the outer shelf and the upper slope during lower runoff seasons were related to the Loop Current/eddies and buoyancy forcing. Inter-annual differences of POC concentration were related to ENSO cycles. During the El Nino events (1997-1998 and 2002-2004), the higher pac concentrations existed and were related to high runoffs in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, but the opposite conditions in the western Gulf of Mexico. During La Nina conditions (1999-2001), low Poe concentration was related to normal or low river discharge, and low PM/nutrient waters in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, but the opposite conditions in the western Gulf of Mexico.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국펄프종이공학회 2008년도 제33회 펄프종이기술 국제세미나
• /
• pp.47-70
• /
• 2008

Cost efficiency is today the primary requirement in the paper and board industry. This has led therefore, to a greater preponderance of products with specifically designed functionality to take account of current industry needs. Continually increasing machine coating speeds together with these new coating colour components have put more emphasis on the importance of the correct rheology and water retention of the coating colours to achieve good runnability and end product quality. In the coating process, some penetration of the aqueous phase, to the base paper or board must occur to anchor the pre-coating to the base or the topcoat to the pre-coat. The aqueous phase acts as a vehicle not only for the binder, but also for the other components. If this water or material penetration is not controlled, there will be excessive material shift from the coating colour to the base, before immobilization of the coating colour will stop this migration. This can result in poor machine runnability, unstable system and uneven coating layer, impacting print quality. The performance of rheology modifiers or thickeners on the coating color have tended to be evaluated by the term, "water retention". This simple term is not sufficient to explain their performance changes during coating. In this paper we are introducing a new concept of "material retention", which takes note of the total composition of the coating colour material and therefore goes beyond the concept of only water retention. Controlled material retention leads to a more uniform z-directional distribution of coating colour components. The changes that can be made to z-directional uniformity will have positive effects on print quality as measured by surface strength, ink setting properties, print gloss, mottling tendency. Optical properties, such as light scattering, whiteness and light fastness delivery should also be improved. Additionally, controlled material retention minimizes changes to the coating colour with time in re-circulation giving less fluctuation in quality in the machine direction since it more closely resembles fresh coating for longer periods. Use of the material retention concept enables paper and board producers to have more stable runnability (i.e. lower process costs), improved end product quality (i.e. better performance of used chemicals) and/or optimized use of coating colour components (i.e. lower total formulation cost)

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2012

수확후 큰느타리버섯의 3주 이상 저온 저장 및 유통 중 품질 유지를 확보하기 위하여 포장 내부의 적정 산소와 이산화탄소 농도를 유지하는 MAP 기술적용 체계를 확립하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 $1{\mu}L/L$ 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP, 20시간, $0^{\circ}C$)을 처리하고 방담성 $30{\mu}m$ oriented polypropylene(OPP, $1238.0cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm\;O_2$)필름과 미세천공(MP3, $3179.9cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm\;O_2$)필름으로 포장한 후 $0^{\circ}C$에 저장 3주, 4주 저장 후 3일 상온유통을 실시하고 큰느타리버섯의 색도, 경도, 이취 등 품질변화를 관찰하였다. 1-MCP 처리 후 미세천공필름 포장에 의해서 저장 기간 동안 포장재 내 산소 농도 3.6~10.9%, 이산화탄소 농도 9.0~13.8% 수준이 유지되었으며 4주 저장 + 3일 상온유통 후 무처리 OPP필름보다 갓무름과 갈변, 이취 발생이 적어 상품성을 유지하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.218-223
• /
• 2019

팽이의 신품종을 개발하기 위하여 모균주 ASI 4103과 4111으로부터 포자를 수집하여 단핵균주를 얻고 이들의 교잡을 통해서 꺽쇠연결체가 확인된 교잡주 총 36점을 선발하였다. 교잡주를 대상으로 3회에 걸쳐 재배시험 결과, 수량이 우수하고 생육후기에도 갓이 피지 않는 황금색 우량계통 'Fv15a31'을 최종선발하였으며, 생산력검정 시험을 통해 2018년에 농작물 직무육성 품종 심의회를 통과했고 2019년에 '아람'이란 명칭으로 출원하였다. 주요특성은 갓 색깔이 황금색이고 대는 연한갈색이며, 갓 모양은 안으로 더 말린 반구형으로 대조품종과 형태적으로 차이를 보인다. 균사배양 최적온도는 25℃이며, 대조품종에 비해 여러 온도범위에서 아람의 균사력이 우수하였다. 또한 자실체 수량은 병당(1,100 ml) 237.7±9.54 g으로 대조품종보다 높았고 버섯발생이 2일 빨랐다. 갓에 반점이 없어 외관상 대조품종보다 품질이 우수하였다. 대치배양과 유전적 다형성 검정 결과, 아람이 다른 갈색 및 백색품종들과 유전적으로 구별되는 것을 확인하였다.