• 한국정보기술응용학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보기술응용학회 2005년도 6th 2005 International Conference on Computers, Communications and System
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• pp.203-206
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• 2005

Recently, the RFID(Radio Frequency Identification) technology has gained significant attention. One of the performance issues in RFID systems is to resolve the tag collision among responses from RFID tags. In this paper, we proposed a new scheme for estimation of the number of tags in the reader filed. The scheme is used by anti-collision algorithm to identify multiple tags efficiently. And we also present the simulation result that shows the proposed scheme to estimate tags efficiently and also to improve the systems efficiency.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2012

A numerical simulation for particle collection efficiency in a wire-plate electrostatic precipitator (ESP) has been performed. Method of characteristics and finite differencing method (MOC-FDM) were employed to obtain electric field and space charge density, and lattice boltzmann method (LBM) was used to predict the Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow according to the ion convection. Large eddy simulation (LES) was considered for turbulent flow and particle simulation was performed by discrete element method (DEM) which considered field charging, electric force, drag force and wall-collision. One way coupling from FDM to LBM was used with small and low density particle assumption. When the charged particle collided with the collecting plate, particle-wall collision was calculated for re-entertainment effect and the effect of gravity force was considered.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2015

TPSN(Timing-sync Protocol for Sensor Networks), the representative of time synchronization protocol for WSN(wireless sensor networks), was developed to provide higher synchronization accuracy and energy efficiency. So, TPSN's approach has been referenced by so many other WSN synchronization schemes till now. However, TPSN has a collision problem due to simultaneous transmission among competing nodes, which causes more network convergence delay for a network-wide synchronization. A Polling-based scheme for TPSN is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme not only shortens network-wide synchronization time of TPSN, but also reduce collision traffic which lead to needless power consumption. The proposed scheme's performance has been evaluated and compared with an original scheme by simulation. The results are shown to be better than the original algorithm used in TPSN.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2004

Both flow visualizations and computational fluid dynamics were performed to determine hemodynamics in a total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) model for surgically correcting congenital heart defects. From magnetic resonance images, an anatomically correct glass model was fabricated to visualize steady flow. The total flow rates were 4, 6 and 8L/min and flow rates from SVC and IVC were 40:60. The flow split ratio between LPA and RPA was varied by 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. A pressure-based finite-volume software was used to solve steady flow dynamics in TCPC models. Results showed that superior vena cava(SVC) and inferior vena cava(IVC) flow merged directly to the intra-atrial conduit, creating two large vortices. Significant swirl motions were observed in the intra-atrial conduit and pulmonary arteries. Flow collision or swirling flow resulted in energy loss in TCPC models. In addition, a large intra-atrial channel or a sharp bend in TCPC geometries could influence on energy losses. Energy conservation was efficient when flow rates in pulmonary branches were balanced. In order to increase energy efficiency in Fontan operations, it is necessary to remove a flow collision in the intra-atrial channel and a sharp bend in the pulmonary bifurcation.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.985-991
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• 2015

정보보호용 임베디드 장치에 RSA 암호 알고리듬을 구현하여 연산을 수행할 경우, 동작 과정에서 발생하는 부채널 누설 정보에 의해 비밀 키가 노출될 가능성이 있다. 여러 부채널 공격 중에서 RSA 알고리듬을 수행하면서 발생한 하나의 전력 파형에서 전력 충돌 쌍을 찾아 공격하는 충돌 전력 분석 공격이 매우 위협적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 최근 이 공격에 대한 대응책으로 윈도우 기법에 기반하여 블라인딩과 지수 분할 기법을 적용한 RSA 멱승 알고리듬이 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 윈도우 크기가 2일 때를 기준으로 이 대응책의 공격 복잡도가 $2^{98}$이라는 원 논문의 주장과 달리 $2^{53}$의 복잡도를 제공한다는 점을 밝히고자 한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권9B호
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• pp.1092-1097
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• 2011

An anti-collision protocol which tries to minimize the collision probability and identification time is the most important factor in all identification technologies. This paper focuses on methods to improve the efficiency of tag's process in identification systems. Our scheme, Binary Slotted Query Tree (BSQT) algorithm, is a memoryless protocol that identifies an object's ID more efficiently by removing the unnecessary prefixes of the traditional Query Tree (QT) algorithm. With enhanced QT algorithm, the reader will broadcast 1 bit and wait the response from the tags but the difference in this scheme is the reader will listen in 2 slots (slot 1 is for 0 bit Tags and slot 2 is for 1 bit Tags). Base on the responses the reader will decide next broadcasted bit. This will help for the reader to remove some unnecessary broadcasted bits which no tags will response. Numerical and simulation results show that the proposed scheme decreases the tag identification time by reducing the overall number of request.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권8A호
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• pp.847-857
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• 2007

RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) 리더기가 영역내의 다수의 태그를 인식하기 위해선 충돌방지 알고리즘이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문은 Auto ID Class 0에서 정의한 충돌방지 알고리즘인 Bit-by-Bit(BBB) 이진트리 알고리즘의 충돌 위치를 스택에 저장하고 이를 통해 다음 질의어를 결정함으로써 성능이 크게 개선된 Stack-Bit-by-Bit(SBBB) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통한 검증결과 대표적인 충돌 방지 기술인 Query Tree(QT)는 물론 기존의 BBB 알고리즘에 비해 질의-응답 횟수, 질의어의 크기, 응답어의 크기의 모든 면에서 성능이 개선된 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제16C권2호
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• pp.267-274
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• 2009

RFID 리더기가 영역내의 다수의 태그를 인식할 때 태그간의 통신간섭에 의해 태그인식이 방해 받는다. 이를 피하기 위해서는 충돌방지 알고리즘이 필요하게 된다. 충돌방지 알고리즘은 크게 슬롯 알로하 기반 알고리즘과 트리기반 알고리즘으로 나뉜다. 본 논문은 ISO 18000-6 TYPE A에 정의된 알로하 기반의 Framed Slotted ALOHA(FSA) 알고리즘에 태그와 슬롯간의 혼잡도를 이용하여 성능을 개선한 Dynamic Framed Slotted ALOHA-Slot Congestion(DFSA-SC) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 결과 최초 태그 수 추정의 정확도를 높여 전체 태그인식 시간이 줄어든 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 나아가 태그 아이디의 중복성이 클 경우 대표적인 트리기반 알고리즘인 Query Tree 알고리즘보다 제안된 알고리즘이 우수한 것을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2004

The dissolved air flotation (DAF) process has been widely used for removing suspended solids with low density in water. It has been known as measuring the size of microbubbles precisely which move upward rapidly in contact zone is difficult. In this study particle counter monitoring (PCM) method is used to measure the rising microbubble after injection from a nozzle. Size and distribution curve of microbubbles are evaluated at different conditions such as pressure drop at intermediate valve, length of pipeline between saturation tank and nozzle and low pressure. And the efficiency is also checked when it collides with different size floc. The experimental results show the following fact. As the final pressure drop occurred closer to a nozzle, the bubble size became smaller. And small bubble collides with large floc as well as small one because of its physical characteristic. However large bubble collides well with large floc rather than small one since hydrodynamic flow in streamline interferes to collide between two. With performing computational process by mathematical model we have analyzed and verified the size effect between bubble and floc. Collision efficiency is the highest when P/B ratio shows in the range of 0.75 < P/B ratio ($R_{particle/Rbubble}$) < 2.0.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권6B호
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• pp.561-571
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• 2006

RFID 기술은 전자태그를 이용한 비접촉식 식별기술의 하나로서 IT기술의 큰 시장으로 부상하면서 다양한 연구가 이루어지고 있는 분야이다. 특히, 유통물류 분야에서 다량의 물품을 실시간적으로 식별해야하는 경우, 다중태그 식별을 위한 충돌방지 알고리즘의 성능은 전체 시스템의 성능을 좌우한다. Gen2는 UHF대역의 단일 통합표준으로 정착 예상됨에 따라 이에 대한 활발한 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문은 Gen2기반 RFID 시스템에서의 슬롯 알로하 기반 충돌방지 알고리즘과 관련하여 태그개수 추정과 슬롯개수 설정에 초점을 맞추어 기존 연구들에 대하여 살펴보았고 태그개수를 효율적으로 추정할 수 있는 새로운 기법을 제안하고 슬롯개수 설정 시 사용되는 시스템효율을 새롭게 정의하였으며 시뮬레이션을 통한 기존 기법들과의 비교 분석의 결과를 제시하였다. 제안하는 태그개수 추정기법은 구현이 쉽고 태그개수가 설정된 슬롯개수의 4배 범위이내에서 효율적으로 태그를 추정하였으며 기존 슬롯효율의 정의와 구별되게 슬롯에 가중치를 부여하여 계산한 식별효율은 시스템효율을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.