• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the influence exerted by the observer's dental specialization and compare patients' opinion with observers' opinion of the esthetics of maxillary single-tooth implants in the esthetic zone. Methods: Forty-one adult patients, who were treated with a single implant in the esthetic zone, were enrolled in this study. Eight observers (2 periodontists, 2 prosthodontists, 2 orthodontists and 2 senior dental students) applied the pink esthetic score (PES)/white esthetic score (WES) to 41 implant-supported single restorations twice with an interval of 4 weeks. We used a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess the patient's satisfaction with the treatment outcome from an esthetic point of view. Results: In the PES/WES, very good and moderate intraobserver agreements were noted between the first and second rating. The mean total PES/WES was $11.19{\pm}3.59$. The mean PES was $5.17{\pm}2.29$ and mean WES was $6.02{\pm}1.96$. In the total PES/WES, the difference between the groups was not significant. However, in the WES, the difference between the groups was significant and prosthodontists were found to have assigned poorer ratings than the other groups. Periodontists gave higher ratings than prosthodontists and senior dental students. Orthodontists were clearly more critical than the other observers. The statistical analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth. However, the correlation between the total PES/WES and the VAS score for the first premolar was not statistically significant. Conclusions: The PES/WES is an objective tool in rating the esthetics of implant supported single crowns and adjacent soft tissues. Orthodontists were the most critical observers, while periodontists were more generous than other observers. The statistical analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between patients' esthetic perception and dentists' perception of the anterior tooth.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2008

This study examines the importance of group identity (kin, friends, co-workers) when gift recipient changes among American and Korean consumers. Female college students and academicians completed a self-administered questionnaire. Four hundred fifty-eight respondents evaluated the perceived importance of group identity when buying an apparel gift for kin, friends, and co-workers. The results suggest that the importance of group identity may influence the type of gift a recipient receives. The results show that when buying a gift for kin, friends, and co-workers that both young and older American consumers place greater importance on self rather than the opinion of other group. The older and younger Korean respondents rated the opinion of each group (kin, friends, and co-workers) to be more important than self. Recommendations for future research on the affect of culture on consumer purchases are suggested.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

Personal media centered on blogs, Twitter, and Facebook has opened up a personal broadcasting area while meeting platforms such as YouTube and Africa TV. Due to the many advantages and disadvantages of personal broadcasting, a study on it was necessary and statistical survey was conducted. The study conducted opinion survey of 118 university students on personal broadcasting. As a result, we are getting news using smartphones and mainly watching videos through YouTube, and watching videos type in the order of games, music videos and sports. Satisfaction rate of video was 72.4%, 80.2% of survey did not use paid services, experiences about personal broadcasting was 96.6% and 90.5% of survey the prospect of person broadcasting of the opinion that "it will be expanded". The first thing we want to be improved in personal broadcasting is the prevention of abusive language and hate speech. Second, we were reluctant to sensational content. Third, the survey results are the improvement of excessive advertising.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.123-135
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was carried out to suggest methods for improving school health promotion programs by investigating the daily activities and the performance level of environment management, the awareness of importance, and opinions on the revision of and knowledge about laws and regulations related to school health promotion programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 289 school nurses in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The survey used a questionnaire containing 90 questions developed by the present researcher. Data were collected from July 5 to July 21, 2006 and analyzed using SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Result: 1. Regular check-up and drinking water management got the highest score in performance level. Sexual health and drinking water management got the highest score in the awareness of importance. 2. School nurses were aware of laws and regulations related to their clients (0.93), and the revision opinion was high on the whole (3.58). 3. According to general characteristics, the more educated school nurse were (F=6.80, p=.001) and the fewer students their school had (F=4.66, p=.010), the higher their performance level in daily activities was. The shorter their career in their work was (F=4.86, p=.008), the fewer classes their school had (F=5.04, p=.007) and the fewer students their school had (F=3.83, p=.023), the higher their awareness of importance was. 4. There was not any difference in the performance level of environment management according to general characteristics. The awareness of importance was highest in school nurses with experience less then ten years (F=3.66, p=.027). 5. There was not any difference in knowledge about laws and regulations according to general characteristics. The revision opinion was high in school nurses at schools with less than 18 classrooms (F=6.04, p=.003) and less than 500 students (F=4.24, p=.015). Conclusion: When school nurses perform school health promotion programs actively and vigorously, the students can be healthy and national health promotion can be actualized fundamentally.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.985-994
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to investigate differences in clothing behavior and individual characteristics of female college students by their body cathexis and clothing attitude. The college students selected by random sampling were classified into four groups by their body cathexis and clothing attitude: positive congruity(positive body cathexis and clothing attitude, G1), positive incongruity(negative body cathexis and positive clothing attitude, G2), negative congruity(negative body cathexis and clothing attitude, G3), negative incongruity(positive body cathexis and negative clothing attitude, G4). The results were as follows: G1 was high in both public and personal self-esteem and self-image, extroverted, refined and impulsive. G2 were fashion opinion leaders, highly uneasy about society, highly impulsive, modem, peculiar, creative and introspective. G3 was highly uneasy about society, low in self-esteem, and less impulsive. G4 was low in both public self-esteem and fashion innovation, and avoided impulsive buying.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2017

Purpose: To identify the types and characteristics of subjective structures among nursing students toward individuals who attempt suicide. Methods: A group of 32 third- and fourth-year nursing students with experience in clinical practice rated 35 Q-statements on a nine-point scale according to their opinion. Data analysis was conducted using the PC-Quanl program. Results: Subjectivity among nursing students toward individuals who attempt suicide was analyzed for three types. Type 1 (social responsibility emphasis) subjectivity recognizes the social responsibility for suicide attempts and emphasizes the importance of social support systems as a preventive effort. Type 2 (rational reprimand) subjectivity emphasizes the willpower and effort to overcome challenges in life, because happiness and unhappiness are dependent on one's thoughts and will. Type 3 (situation acceptance) subjectivity regards the suicide attempt as an optional means to avoid a deeply strenuous, painful, and difficult situation. Conclusion: This study investigated the subjectivity of nursing students toward individuals who attempt suicide and to provide a better understanding of them. In addition, the development of training programs that take advantage of the subjective characteristics of individuals based on subjectivity types demonstrated in this study is expected to provide nursing students with useful educational materials for their future careers as nurses.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze motivation of entrance into the college, knowledge prior to the entrance, satisfaction with their major, and a sense of employment after graduation among students majoring in dental hygiene at some colleges and subdivide them by grades for comparative analysis to determine the progress of changes in general characteristics, department satisfaction, and a sense of employment among students majoring in dental hygiene for the recent three years and provide basic data for improving dental hygienic education. Questionnaires were distributed to 520 students majoring in dental hygiene at some college in South Chungcheong, South Jeolla, and North Jeolla Provinces, followed by explanation of the purport of the research and the content of the questionnaire; after completion, 513 copies were used for analysis with exception of 7 copies with insincere responses. The analysis of the data examined resulted in the following conclusions: First, Changes in Department Satisfaction among Students Majoring in Dental Hygiene As for motivation of entrance into a college, less and less students chose the department of dental hygiene through recommendation by parents or seniors while more and more students chose their major due to easy employment. Less and less students obtained information on the department from a college application guidebook while more and more students obtained it through Internet. There was also a gradual increase in prior knowledge about the department and in satisfaction with their major. More and more students had no will to change their course. Second, Changes in a Sense of Employment among Students Majoring in Dental Hygiene There was a gradual decrease in the number of students who would follow friends' or their own decision in selecting workplace but an increase in the number of those who would follow their professors' opinion. There was a gradual increase in the number of students who wanted to be employed in workplace with good social perception; many students wanted to be employed in a personal dental clinic, a general hospital, or a public health center; and more and more students also wanted to be employed in a school dental health center or to become a government official or an educator.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1997

Experiments done in traditional physics laboratories have been criticized for giving too detailed instruction so that student could follow the experimental procedure without understanding. This type of experiment is often called "cookbook experiment." Cookbook experiment was known to be little help to understand the physics concepts and to increase student interest. To solve these problems with traditional cookbook experiment, non-directive introductory physics laboratory was designed and tried with the freshmen of Department of Physics Education of Seoul National University. Non-directive laboratory was characterized by the lack of step by step instruction for students to follow. The instruction students received consisted of the goal of experiment, a short introduction, and a list of suggested materials to be used. Student designed the experimental procedure and decided what material they wanted to use. One group submitted one lab report as a group to encourage cooperation among students. Lab report could be written in any form students wanted and no penalty point was given to poor data or inappropriate theory, etc to encourage taking risks. Penalty points were given if the students did not get involved during class hours. Student received extra point for being creative and / or working hard. Teaching assistants used Socratic dialogue in helping students to find their own way instead of explaining what they had to do. Students' interest about the non-directive experiment was studies at the of the semester. A questionnaire was made for students to answer. The questionnaire consisted of four categories, the equipment and the laboratory, the experimental procedure, the lab report, and teaching assistant. For each category, student were asked to explain the differences from other laboratory classes, features they liked and the reasons why they do, features they did not like and why they did not. At the end of the questionnaire, students were asked what hey wanted to change and what they did not. They also could put any opinion they had other than the questions asked. Student overall opinion was very positive. All the students said they liked the lack of detailed experimental procedure because it gave them the feeling of achievement, made them feel challenged and think in more diverse and creative ways. Students liked the lab report because group report forced them to discuss more and the free form lab report helped them to focus on the what they did. Student responses about the teaching assistant was also positive but not as enthusiastic as the experimental procedure or lab report. However students recognised that the role of the teaching assistant was as a guide, a supporter, or a facilitator.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.899-910
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze high school students' school uniform wearing attitude by group according to clothing attitude targeting Gyeongnam area. This study aims to provide preliminary data in the field of school uniform and marketing that clothing propensity by groups is considered. This study conducted a survey targeting 762 high school students in Gyeongnam. For statistical analysis, SPSS for Window 14.0 was used for frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple sponse analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA analysis and Duncan's ex-post analysis method. As a result of cluster analysis on the clothing attitude, students were divided into 4 segmentation of fashion seeking group, fashion indifference group, conformity group and modesty group. As a result of verification on the difference in perception toward wearing school uniform by groups which were classified according to the propensity of clothing attitude, activity, stability, and practicality were all varied according to the propensity of clothing attitude. 4 groups were significant differences in the degree of consent to wearing school uniform, price of school uniforms, tendency to prefer famous brand when purchasing school uniform, experience of transforming school uniform, opinion about school uniform modification and reason for school uniform modification. While low graders were many in 'modesty group', upper graders were many in 'fashion seeking group', which means that more segmentalized satisfaction of clothing by group may be raised if such a fact is considered when planning clothing for high school students segmentalized by age.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.199-214
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to explain weight control behavior and intention of obese children and adolescents as measured by the elements of the health belief model. A total of 732 obese students from 28 schools in Seoul metropolitan area and their mothers were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire. The analyzed results are as follows; 1. Among obese students, 45.3% of male students and 57.2% of female students, a significantly higher portion than male students, reported that they had tried to lose weight within the recent year. Exercise was the most frequently used method to lose weight followed by diet control, drug use, and specialized clinic visits, in descending order. 2. Male students were more likely to try to lose weight if they perceived a low threat level and their mother had a job, and female students were more likely to try to lose weight if they were younger in age, perceived a low threat level and had strong external motivating factors. 3. Female students showed a significantly higher level of intention to obesity control than male students, and the intention level of their mothers also showed the same trend. 4. In male students, the degree of weight dissatisfaction, weight control experience, the level of obesity related beliefs of students, the educational level of the mother and economic status of the family were significant predictors of intention to obesity control, and in females, age, the level of obesity related beliefs of students and intention of their mothers were significant. In the mothers of male students, obesity index of students, age of the mother and the level of obesity related beliefs of the mother were significant predictors of intention of the mother, and in the mothers of female students, obesity index of students, occupational status of the mother and obesity related beliefs of the mother were significant. 5. According to the path model of intention to obesity control, the degree of weight dissatisfaction had the most powerful effect in male students, and perceived net benefit level was the most important variable in female students. Since the weight control behavior and intention of obese students were more predictable by the degree of weight dissatisfaction than the obesity index, we can conclude that only the students dissatisfied with their weight are well motivated for obesity control. There can be a discrepancy between the mother and her child's beliefs and intention status(especially in male students), so the therapists should also assess the student's opinion as well as the mother's. In female students, the perceived net benefit level wag the most important predictor of intention to obesity control, therefore the intervention program should pay particular attention to the positive benefits of weight control rather than negative aspects(threats) of obesity.