• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2020

목적: 대규모 인구집단데이터를 사용하여 양측 또는 편측 완전 무치악 여부와 치매와의 관련성에 대하여 알아본다. 재료 및 방법: 만 60세 이상을 대상으로 구축된 건강보험공단 노인 코호트 데이터베이스를 사용하여 후향적 코호트 연구를 설계하였다. 실험군은 완전 무치악 코호트로 2012년 7월 1일부터 2013년 12월 31일 까지 1개 이상의 상악 또는 하악 레진상 완전의치 보험 처방 이력이 있는 사람을 대상으로 하였고, 대조군은 유치악 코호트로 같은 기간 동안 잔존치아에 대한 보존적 치아 처치 이력이 있는 사람을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 대상자들은 이 기간 동안 치매로 진단 또는 치료 받은 기록이 없었다. 성향점수매칭법에 따라 연령과 성별, 그리고 거주지역을 고려하여 실험군과 대조군을 1:1 동수로 매칭하였고, 두 코호트 집단간 2년 동안 치매로 이환된 비율을 비교하였다. 결과: 실험군과 대조군을 비교했을 때, 실험군인 양측 또는 편측 완전 무치악 환자에서 치매 발병률(12.13%)은 대조군인 유치악 환자의 치매 발병률(9.74%) 보다 유의미하게 높다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다 (P < .05). 다른 요인들과 치매와의 명확한 관련성은 확인되지 않았다. 결론: 대규모 인구집단데이터 분석을 통해 양측 또는 편측 완전 무치악 환자에서 치매 발병률이 높다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권9호
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• pp.480-488
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• 2021

Background: An adequate large-scale pediatric cohort based on nationwide administrative data is lacking in Korea. Purpose: This study established the National Investigation of Birth Cohort in Korea study 2008 (NICKs-2008) based on data from a nationwide population-based health screening program and data on healthcare utilization for children. Methods: The NICKs-2008 study consisted of the Korean National Health Insurance System (NHIS) and the National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children (NHSPIC) databases comprising children born in 2008 (n=469,248) and 2009 (n=448,459) in the Republic of Korea. The NHIS database contains data on age, sex, residential area, income, healthcare utilization (International Classification of Diseases10 codes, procedure codes, and drug classification codes), and healthcare providers. The NHSPIC consists of 7 screening rounds. These screening sessions comprised physical examination, developmental screening (rounds 2-7), a general health questionnaire, and age-specific anticipatory guidance. Results: During the 10-year follow-up, 2,718 children (0.3%) died, including more boys than girls (hazard ratio, 1.145; P<0.001). A total of 848,048 children participated in at least 1 of the 7 rounds of the NHSPIC, while 96,046 participated in all 7 screening programs. A total of 823 infants (0.1%) weighed less than 1,000 g, 3,177 (0.4%) weighed 1,000-1,499 g, 37,166 (4.4%) weighed 1,500-2,499 g, 773,081 (91.4%) weighed 2,500-4,000 g, and 32,016 (5.1%) weighed over 4,000 g. There were 23,404 premature babies (5.5%) in 2008 compared to 23,368 (5.6%) in 2009. The developmental screening test indicated appropriate development in 95%-98% of children, follow-up requirements for 1%-4% of children, and recommendations for further evaluation for 1% of children. Conclusion: The NICKs-2008, which integrates data from the NHIS and NHSPIC databases, can be used to analyze disease onset prior to hospitalization based on information such as lifestyle, eating habits, and risk factors.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

연구목적 코호트 연구의 목적은 국내 아동청소년 성폭력 피해자 코호트 시스템 구축과 피해자들의 정신건강에 작용하는 위험요인과 보호요인을 규명하기 위함이며, 이 연구는 코호트 참여자들의 참여 당시 초기 평가 결과를 분석한 예비 결과이다. 방 법 서울 해바라기아동센터를 통해 3년 7개월간 모집한 19세 이하의 65명 아동청소년 성폭력 피해자 및 그 가족들의 인구학적, 성폭력 관련 요인 및 정신심리학적 상태와 정신건강학적 진단을 평가하여 초기자료를 분석하였다. 결 과 초기 평가 자료의 예비 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 여성 대상자 56명, 대상자 평균나이 12.4세(SD=4.4), 성폭력 추행 71.8%, 친족 및 지인 가해자 87.1% 였고, 피해자의 61.5%가 성폭력 피해와 관련된 정신의학적 진단을 받았으며 이중 외상 후 스트레스 장애가 29.2%, 우울장애가 23.1%로 나타났다. 피해 이후 발고까지 걸린 기간은 평균 1.5년이었다. IES-R-K, TSCYC 외상 후 스트레스장애-회피 항목과 CBCL의 총문제행동 항목이 임상적으로 유의하게 증가한 결과를 나타내었다. 결 론 아동청소년 성폭력 피해자는 정신건강학적 문제가 발생할 위험성이 높은 경향을 가지고 있다. 코호트 연구는 국내 성폭력 피해자들의 정신건강에 영향을 미치는 위험요인과 보호요인을 확인하고 예측모형을 설립할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국사회정책
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.245-275
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• 2017

본 연구는 한국을 포함한 10개국을 대상으로 지난 20년간 복지태도의 변화를 추적하고, 그러한 변화에 세대효과가 작용하고 있는지, 세대효과를 다시 연령효과와 코호트 효과로 분리하였을 때 복지태도에 대한 코호트 효과가 있는지, 그리고 코호트 효과의 배경요인으로서 세대 간 가치관의 변화를 발견할 수 있는지를 살펴 복지태도의 동학에 대한 이해에 기여하고자 한다. 세계가치관조사의 데이터를 통해 분석해 본 결과, 대부분의 국가에서 지난 20년간 친복지의 태도가 강화되고 있고, 밀레니얼/Y세대는 이전 세대들보다 더 강력한 국가복지의 지지자가 될 가능성이 있으며, 이러한 세대효과는 연령효과보다는 코호트 효과에 기인함을 알 수 있었다. 코호트 효과의 배경으로서의 세대 간 가치관 차이는 일반적인 가정과는 달리 단절적이고 급격한 차이를 나타내는 세대는 없이, 과거 세대로부터 최근 세대로 이어지는 연속적인 양상으로 나타났다. 종합적으로 복지태도에 대한 코호트 효과는 적어도 가까운 미래까지는 국가복지의 강화 방향으로 작용할 것임을 예측할 수 있었다. 특이하게도 한국의 복지태도는 10개국 중 가장 높은 소득격차 선호와 가장 높은 정부 복지책임 확대 선호를 나타내는 모순성을 보여, 많은 연구들이 지적해 온 한국 복지태도의 비일관성과 비계급성을 확인시켜 주었다. 이러한 모순성은 특히 한국의 밀레니얼/Y세대에서 가장 극명하게 드러나는데, 이는 비교 대상 국가들에서는 찾아볼 수 없는 현상으로, 한편으로는 최소한의 안전장치도 없이 무한 경쟁에 내몰려왔던 우리 청년층이 경쟁과 차별을 내면화한 모습을 드러내었고, 다른 한편 향후에도 우리 복지태도가 복지 확대를 위한 우군으로 작용하기는 어려움을 보여주었다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
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• pp.315-315
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• 2005

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2014

Hepatitis is a common and serious disease for the Korean population. It is caused by a virus, the A and B types of which are plentiful in Koreans. In this study, we tried to find genetic factors for hepatitis through genome-wide association studies. We took 368 cases and 1,500 controls from Anseong and Ansan cohort data. About 300,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 20 epidemiological variables were analyzed. We did not find any meaningful significant single nucleotide polymorphisms, but we confirmed the influence of major epidemiological variables on hepatitis.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2003

Objective : This study was carried out to develop a semi-quantitative food frequency Questionnaire (SQFFQ) for estimating average dietary intake to determine the risk factor for lifestyle-related diseases in a conjoint cohort study. Design : We developed an SQFFQ for genomic epidemiological studies based on the data in the'98 Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A subset of data on informative food items was collected using the 24-hr recall method with 2,714 adults aged 40 or older living in middle-sized cities or in rural areas in Korea. The cumulative percent contribution and cumulative multiple regression coefficients of 17 nutrients (energy, fat, carbohydrate, protein, fiber, iron, potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin A, retinol, $\beta$-carotene, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, niacin and vitamin C) of each food were computed. Results : Two hundred and forty-nine foods, which were selected based on their 0.9 cumulative percent contribution, and 254 foods, which were selected based on their 0.9 cumulative multiple regression coefficients, respectively, were grouped into 97 food groups according to their nutrient contents. Several popular Korean foods, which were missing from the list due to the seasonality of the survey, were included. The portion sizes were derived from the same data set. The SQFFQ covered 84.8 percent of the intake of 17 nutrients in the one day diet record data of our 326 cohort study subjects. Conclusions . The final list included 103 food items. The foods list in the SQFFQ described herein accounted for 84.8 percent of the average intake of 17 nutrients. Therefore, the list could be used for the assessment of the baseline dietary intakes of the conjoint cohort studies.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.146-156
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• 2006

Purpose: 1) to construct cohorts according to risk scores calculated with the Gail Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool (Gail et al., 1989) (Gail) and the Breast Cancer Risk Appraisal (Lee et al,. 2003) (Lee) 2) to identify the distribution of risk factors and preventive behavior stages between the cohorts 3) to identify abnormal breast conditions in risk cohort. Method: Using convenience sampling, 775 rural women were selected. Risk appraisal was scored using Gail and Lee. Preventive behavior stages for BSE (Breast self examination) and mammography were measured using 4 stages of the Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1983). Results: 1) The risk cohort according to Gail was 12.3% (n=95), and Lee, 3.1% (n=24). 2) There were significant differences in the distribution of risk factors (age, family history, age at 1st live birth, age at menarche, number of breast biopsy, history of breast disease, and breast-feeding) between cohorts. 3) There was a significant difference in the distribution of the stage of BSE according to Lee. 4) Six women in the risk group detected masses or nodules and physician consultation and ultrasonography were recommended. Conclusion: On the basis of the constructed cohorts, further longitudinal studies of cohorts are recommended with interventions according to characteristics of cohorts.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.4501-4504
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• 2012

In recent decades, decreasing trends in esophageal cancer mortality have been observed across China. We here describe esophageal cancer mortality trends in Linzhou city, a high-incidence region of esophageal cancer in China, during 1988-2010 and make a esophageal cancer mortality projection in the period 2011-2020 using a Bayesian approach. Age standardized mortality rates were estimated by direct standardization to the World population structure in 1985. A Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) analysis was carried out in order to investigate the effect of the age, period and birth cohort on esophageal cancer mortality in Linzhou during 1988-2010 and to estimate future trends for the period 2011-2020. Age-adjusted rates for men and women decreased from 1988 to 2005 and changed little thereafter. Risk increased from 30 years of age until the very elderly. Period effects showed little variation in risk throughout 1988-2010. In contrast, a cohort effect showed risk decreased greatly in later cohorts. Forecasting, based on BAPC modeling, resulted in a increasing burden of mortality and a decreasing age standardized mortality rate of esophageal cancer in Linzhou city. The decrease of esophageal cancer mortality risk since the 1930 cohort could be attributable to the improvements of socialeconomic environment and lifestyle. The standardized mortality rates of esophageal cancer should decrease continually. The effect of aging on the population could explain the increase in esophageal mortality projected for 2020.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.258-266
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• 2017

Background: Welders are exposed to many known and suspected carcinogens. An excess lung cancer risk among welders is well established, but whether this is attributable to welding fumes is unclear. Excess risks of other cancers have been suggested, but not established. We investigated welding cancer risks in the population-based Canadian Census Health and Environmental Cohort. Methods: Among 1.1 million male workers, 12,845 welders were identified using Standard Occupational Classification codes and followed through retrospective linkage of 1991 Canadian Long Form Census and Canadian Cancer Registry (1992-2010) records. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models based on estimated risks of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and nasal, brain, stomach, kidney, and bladder cancers, and ocular melanoma. Lung cancer histological subtypes and risks by industry group and for occasional welders were examined. Some analyses restricted comparisons to blue-collar workers to minimize effects of potential confounders. Results: Among welders, elevated risks were observed for lung cancer [HR: 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.31], mesothelioma (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.01-3.18), bladder cancer (HR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15-1.70), and kidney cancer (HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.01-1.67). When restricted to blue-collar workers, lung cancer and mesothelioma risks were attenuated, while bladder and kidney cancer risks increased. Conclusion: Excess risks of lung cancer and mesothelioma may be partly attributable to factors including smoking and asbestos. Welding-specific exposures may increase bladder and kidney cancer risks, and particular sources of exposure should be investigated. Studies that are able to disentangle welding effects from smoking and asbestos exposure are needed.