• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.404-411
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the types of explanation about different experimental data on students' preconceptions on physical experiment. 45 students were selected from P University by examining their pre-test. The subjects had a scientific conception about a simple pendulum's period of movement, and expected that there was no change in the movement even when the mass of water increased in the can. The students were presented data about pendulum movement inside a can. They recorded this in a blank table and drew a graph about the movement of the pendulum. The responses of students were tested by presenting written anomalous experimental data. Students' recognition, trust about the anomalous data, cognitive conflict, belief change about their preconceptions were examined with written tests also. To measure students' cognitive conflict levels, CCLT (Cognitive Conflict Levels Test) developed in a previous study was used. Some students responded based on preconceptions and regarded the data as manufactured data or experimental error. The students who recognized the anomaly in the situation showed higher cognitive conflict levels than those who didn't recognize the anomaly in the situation. The students who changed their beliefs about preconceptions recognized the data as anomalous situations and showed high cognitive conflict levels than those who didn't abandon their preconceptions. The students who have unchanged beliefs about their preconceptions regarded the data as experimental error.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.249-259
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships of maternal attachment, social competence and interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill. fifty-four children aged 5 and 6 years and their mothers were observed and videotaped in a strange situation. Children were interviewed in order to assess interpersonal cognitive problem solving skill. teachers rated children's social development using modified ISCE(Iowa Social Competency Scale : Preschool Forma). The results showed that there were significant relationships of maternal attachment, social competence and interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill. children of the secure attachment to mothers were greater social activator, cooperative, alternative solution thought and consequential thought. In contrast, children of insecure attachment to mother were less social activator and cooperative, and more hypersensitive and apprehensive. Children's social competence was related to the interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skill.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.931-939
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• 2003

This paper is aimed at proposing a new framework to predict decision performance, by Investigating decision maker's cognitive resonance. We assume that every decision maker has two kinds of schema­emotional schema and rational schema. Cognitive resonance is believed to have a close relationship with the two schemata and decision performance. In literature on decision performance there is no study' seeking relationship among the two schemata ana cognitive resonance. Therefore, our research purposes are twofold: (1) to provide a theoretical basis for the proposed framework describing the causal relationships among two schemata, cognitive resonance, and decision Performance, and (2) to empirically prove its validity applying to. Internet shopping Situation. Based on the questionnaires from 13S- respondents, we used a second order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to extract valid constructs, and structural equation model (SEM) to calculate path coefficients and prove the statistical validity of our proposed research model. Experimental results supported our research model with some further research issues.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.349-354
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• 1996

SACOM(Simulation Analyser with Cognitive Operator Model) is being developed at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute to simulate human operator's cognitive characteristics during the emergency situations of nuclear power plans. An operator model with error mechanisms has been developed and combined into SACOM to simulate human operator's cognitive information process based on the Rasmussen's decision ladder model. The operational logic for five different cognitive activities (Agents), operator's attentional control (Controller), short-term memory (Blackboard), and long-term memory (Knowledge Base) have been developed and implemented on blackboard architecture. A trial simulation with a scenario for emergency operation has been performed to verify the operational logic. It was found that the operator model with error mechanisms is suitable for the simulation of operator's cognitive behavior in emergency situation.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2000

In these days, the interior interface design for vehicle drivers was recognized as important affairs. Thereby, many studies are being performed for this. These studies emphasize the physical factors and usability of human, but those for the cognitive factors are not enough. Cognitive factors are very important elements to determine the drivers' performance. In this study, it was studied about the method to extract a driver's cognitive map on IP(Instrument Panel) in dynamic situation, and BPM(Blind-Pointing Method) was proposed for this. The BPM is the method to extract a cognitive map by subject's pointing action under the blinded condition. The experiment was conducted to validate compatibility of BPM as the method to extract a cognitive map. In the experiment, subjects were divided in two groups, the first group of subjects has their own vehicle and driver license, and the second group of subjects doesn't have own vehicle but has driver license. The result shows that the IP form of cognitive map is not different between two groups, and BPM is the compatible method to extract a cognitive map.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2007

Analyses of eye tracking and think-aloud protocol data were performed to examine novice-expert differences in perceptual and cognitive aspects of air traffic controllers' situation awareness. In Experiment 1, three groups of field air traffic controllers (experts, intermediates, novices) were asked to perceive situations that were manipulated by situation complexity. In Experiment 2, protocol analysis for previous situation awareness tasks was performed to extract different task models and strategy models as a function of expertise. Then delayed-recall task and interviews about air control plans for the recalled situations were also executed. Results showed that expert controllers concentrate only on several critical features and have their own strategies to reduce mental workloads.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.215-224
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• 2001

Creativity is a trait necessarily demanded in highly industrial and information oriented society. Accordingly, we should develop creativity through school education. The purpose of this study is to inquire a conceptual model and teaching method for developing creative problem solving skills in home economics education which can work at a platform for the curriculum developer. Although many definitions of creativity consider cognitive aspect more, personal or affective aspect is heavily involved with creativity. Therefore, creativity is a dynamic system which cooperates many contrasting and dialectic components in personal and cognitive aspects. The function of creativity is dependent on diverse environmental system. Environments influence on the extent of the development of creativity. Thus, the person-situation interaction model devised by Woodman and Schoenfeldt, integration of cognitive, affective, and situational aspects, is suggested as a conceptual model for teaching creativity in home economics education. The practical reasoning teaching model is suggested as a teaching method for developing creative problem solving skills in home economics education. The components of creative problem solving which involved with practical reasoning process are general knowledge and skills, specific knowledge and skills, divergent thinking skills, motivation and motives, and critical thinking skills.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.495-503
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of cognitive level, nutritional status and depression in elderly according to living situations. Method: The subjects consisted of 173 elderly classifying three groups(living alone, living with spouse, living with children). Data was collected from March to June, 2003 by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, MMSE-K, nutritional status and depression scale. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS program including descriptive statistics, $\chi$$^2$-test, ANCOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Result: In MMSE-K, the living alone group showed suspicious dementia while the other groups were normal. The living alone group showed a high nutritional risk and all three groups showed depression. In MMSE-K, the nutritional status and depression were statistically significant by the living situation. In each group except living with spouse, MMSE-K indicated a significantly negative correlation to depression and nutritional status, while nutritional status showed a significantly positive correlation to depression. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop supportive programs for decreasing the risk of bad health in the elderly and an individual approach according to their living situation. Especially, more concern and intervention is necessary for the solitary elderly.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.98-103
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• 2012

Recently, the intelligent transportation system (ITS) that provides driver convenience and reduces the number of road casualties is in the spotlight. ITS must quickly deal with the emergency situation and provide information which drivers need. In ITS, a different channel will be assigned for each service to provide the service efficiently. However, if the channel is used at an emergency situation, the service cannot be provided immediately. For overcome this problem, we introduce the cognitive radio technology into ITS and propose a new spectrum sensing method in this paper.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2012

A symptom-based procedure with a critical safety function monitoring system has been established to reduce the operator's diagnosis and cognitive burden since the Three-Mile Island (TMI) accident. However, it has been reported that a symptom-based procedure also requires an operator's cognitive efforts to cope with off-normal events. This can be caused by mismatches between a static model, an emergency operating procedure (EOP), and a dynamic process, the nature of an ongoing situation. The purpose of this study is to share the evidence of mismatches that may result in an excessive cognitive burden in conducting EOPs. For this purpose, we analyzed simulated emergency operation records and observed some operator behaviors during the EOP operation: continuous steps, improper description, parameter check at a fixed time, decision by information previously obtained, execution complexity, operation by the operator's knowledge, notes and cautions, and a foldout page. Since observations in this study are comparable to the results of an existing study, it is expected that the operational behaviors observed in this study are generic features of operators who have to cope with a dynamic situation using a static procedure.