• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to confirm whether the Swiss Ball exercise program is effective to improve lower extremity function and activity of daily living of elderly women with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a double blind control study. Subjects participated 34 female elderly women who were assigned to exercise group (n=17) and control group (n=17). The Swiss Ball exercise program was performed 2 times a week during the 12 weeks. Pre-and post-exercise various measurements were made: lower extremity function (OLS, TUG, STS). Results: In exercise group, There showed statically significance improve between pre-and post-exercise in OLS (7.29${\pm}$1.10 and 7.64${\pm}$1.32), TUG (10.47${\pm}$2.03 and 10.05${\pm}$2.04), STS (7.71${\pm}$1.04 and 7.94${\pm}$.82)(p<.05). ADL also showed statically significance improve between pre-and post-exercise (13.76${\pm}$3.54 and 12.82${\pm}$3.39, p<.05). There showed statically significance difference between two groups (p<.05). Conclusion: The Swiss Ball exercise program improved lower extremity function and ADL of elderly women with MCI. Further studies are required to examine the significance of the assessment of motor function of lower extremities.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2008

In an attempt to help improve school bullying victims' self-esteem and interpersonal skills, this study explored the effects of a cognitive-behavioral group counselling program on the victims. The subjects of this study were six middle school female students who were identified as bullying victims by their teachers. They had T-scores of 65 or more on one or more scales in the MMPI-A. The cognitive-behavioral group counselling program was developed to improve their self-esteem and interpersonal skills and was administered twice a week from November 28 to December 30, 2005, totalling ten occasions. Major findings of the study include the following: First, there was a significant difference in self-esteem between pre- and post-tests. All the scores on six tests given on a period-by-period basis showed significant changes at the significance level of 0.1%. Secondly, there was a significant difference in interpersonal skills between pre- and post-tests at the level of 5%. All the scores on six tests given on a period-by-period basis also showed significant changes at the significance level of 0.1%. These findings demonstrate that cognitive-behavioral group counselling is effective in improving school bullying victims' self-esteem and interpersonal skills.

• 인지과학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-46
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• 1995

뜻(Sense)과 지시체의 구별을 근간으로 하는 프레게류 의미론에 의하면,같은 지시체를 갖는 이름들의 인지적 의미는 서로 다를수 있다.그 반면,프레게의 뜻을 어떤 이름의 지사체를 결정함애 있어 매개적인 역할을 하는 존재자라 보고 단호히 거부하는 소위 직접 지칭론자들은 문맥에 관계없이 같은 지시체를 갖는 이름들은 동일한 인지적 의미를 갖는다고 주장한다.그러나 일단 뜻을 배척하고나면,명제태도 문맥에서 왜 같은 지시체를 갖는 이름들이 대치될 수 없는지를 설명하기 어렵고,따라서 명체 태도의 퍼즐들은 직접 지칭론의 아킬레스건이 되어 왔다.최근Zlata는 다소의 수정을 통해 프레게와 직접 지칭론자 양자의 중요한 통찰들을 희생하지 않으면서 양자의 관점을 종합하는 것이 가능하며,실제로 자신의 해결책은 명제태도의 퍼즐들을 훌륭하게 해결해 준다고 주장한다.본 논문은 Zalta의 절충안을 비판적으로 검토함으로써 선결되어야 할 쟁점들을 부각시키고자 한다.

• 복식
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.95-109
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• 2007

After defining the determining factor of an attitude on clothing web-site as cognitive responses and affective responses, this study was to investigate how it affects against web-site attitude, brand attitude and purchase intention. To accomplish research subject, this study had an analysis on web-site attitude, brand attitude and purchase intention after selecting 3 department stores having mega fashion malls which run web-sites. Aad(Attitude toward an advertisement) was defined as cognitive responses and affective responses. This research analyzed it by multiple regression analysis after collecting a date from 265 customers who use 3 department stores selected The findings are as follows. First, Aad had a significance impact on web-site attitude across the department stores. Second, Aad had a significance impact on brand attitude across the department stores. Third, Aad had a significance impact on purchase intentions across the department stores. At the end of this paper, discussion, managerial implications, limitations, and future research directions were suggested.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2012

The primary purpose of this review is to present an overview of relationship between human spontaneous eyeblinking and internal cognitive processes. The second purpose is to address the neural substrates of human eyeblinking based on recent studies focusing on the central dopaminergic system and to explore the significance of spontaneous eyeblinks in neuropsychiatric disorders. We reviewed recent and previous studies on eyeblink patterns under various cognitive tasks. We also reviewed neural substrates of eyeblinking, particularly based on the central dopaminergic system. This paper suggests that spontaneous eyeblinks are highly correlated with various cognitive processes and the activity of central dopaminergic system. Various neuropsychiatric disorders are related to the alteration of the occurrence of eyeblinking. Spontaneous eyeblinking is the unique human behavior that occurs regularly without conscious effort. It is known that the rate of eyeblinking is modulated by internal cognitive processes and dopamine-related neuropsychiatric disorders. Further research is required to how the temporal dynamics of spontaneous eyeblinking is correlated with the disease activity and progression.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of LOTCA-G and ADL by individualized cognitive program in elderly with vascular dementia, alzheimer dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Method : The subjects of this study, old man and woman diagnosed with vascular dementia, alzheimer dementia and mild cognitive impairment, 24 patients were picked up, who were agreed with this research and were having hospital care for 3weeks at nursing care centers. Individualized cognitive program was applied to 8 patients of vascular dementia, 8 patients of alzheimer dementia and 8 patients of mild cognitive impairment. Cognitive function measured by LOTCA-G and performance measured by FIM. The SPSS Ver. 22.0 statistical program was used for data processing. The significance level for statistical inspection was set as 0.05. Result : In comparison of LOTCA-G was significant increased after intervention and among three groups were significant difference. But FIM was no significant difference after intervention and among three groups were no significant difference. Conclusion : Therefore, the individualized cognitive program is useful to improve the cognitive function in elderly with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2017

Recently, as the programming education has become essential in school, discussion of how to teach programming has been important. This study performed a meta-analysis of the effect size depending on the teaching and learning method for the programming education. 78 research data selected from 45 papers were analyzed from cognitive and affective aspects according to dependent variables. The analysis from the cognitive aspect showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the effect size depending on whether or not the teaching and learning method was specified in the research paper. Meta-analysis of the research data where the teaching and learning method was designated displayed significances in CPS, PBL and Storytelling. Unlike the cognitive aspect, the analysis from the affective aspect showed that the effect size of the research data without the specified teaching and learning method was larger than those with specified teaching and learning method with a statistical significance. Meta-analysis of the data according to the teaching and learning method displayed no statistical significance. Based upon these research results, this study suggested implications for the effective programming education.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12spc호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2021

This study set off to explore the effect of interactive videos on developing mind mappings skills required for the common first-joint year students at Umm Al-Qura University. Towards this end, the experimental research design of a quasi-experimental of two experimental groups was adopted. The research tools consisted of an achievement test of the cognitive aspects of mind mapping skills and a product evaluation form of mind mapping skills. Results showed statistically significant differences at the significance level (α 0.05) between the mean scores of the two experimental groups who studied the educational video regardless of the type of video in the pre-post cognitive test of the mind mapping skills and the form of product evaluation. Besides, there are statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05≥α) between the mean scores of the first experimental group who studied the conventional educational video and the mean scores of the second experimental group who studied the interactive educational video. This significant difference was in the posttest of mind mapping skills and in favor of the group who studied the interactive educational video. Nevertheless, there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05≥α) between the mean scores of the first and second experimental groups in the post-application of the product evaluation form of mind mapping skills. The researcher recommended using the interactive video in teaching courses to common first-year students. It also recommends organizing courses for the faculty members to train them on using interactive videos in their teaching.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1591-1595
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• 2018

The number of healthy older adults is rapidly increasing recently owing to the increase of the elderly population. Therefore, programs for improving the cognitive functions of these healthy seniors are actively being expanded. This study aimed to prevent the decline of cognitive function due to aging by applying a program enhancing cognitive functions to healthy older adults. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Korean computer-based cognitive rehabilitation program (CoTras), which is commonly used in cognitive therapy for the aging, on the memory of the elderly. The subjects had scored at least 24 points in MMSE-K. CoTras was applied once a week (30 minutes) for one month. Electronic pegboard programs were used as an evaluation tool: order memory (difficulty=low) and location memory (difficulty=medium). The order and location memories were compared before and after the intervention. The Wilcoxon signed rank-sum test was used for the study at the significance level of ${\alpha}=.05$. The results showed that CoTras significantly improved order memory and location memory. Therefore, CoTras can be applied to the healthy elderly for improving that memory improvement training has a positive impact on healthy older adults result in the development of memory enhancement programs can be expanded in the future.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.8-16
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• 2021

The tourism industry is influenced by a large number of factors that affect the development scenarios of the tourism in different ways. At the same time, tourism is an important component of the national economy of any state, forms its image, investment attractiveness, is a source of income and a stimulus for business development. The aim of the article is to conduct an empirical study to identify the importance of cognitive determinants in the development of tourism. The study used general and special methods: systems analysis, synthesis, grouping, systematization, cognitive modeling, cognitive map, pulse method, predictive extrapolation. Target factors, indicators, and control factors influencing the development of tourism in Ukraine are determined and a cognitive model is built, which graphically reflects the nature of the influence of these factors. Four main scenarios of the Ukrainian tourism industry are established on the basis of creating a matrix of adjacency of an oriented graph and forecast modeling based on a scenario approach. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the possibility of their use to forecast the prospects of tourism development in Ukraine, the definition of state policy to support the industry that will promote international and domestic tourism.