• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.341-358
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• 2015

This study analyzes the relationship between parameters of the discontinuity in Discrete Fracture Network model such as fracture intensity, fracture orientation, fracture size, fracture shape etc. In this paper, FracMan code was used to model and analyze 3D DFN. A sensitivity analysis was performed in order to analyze the relationship between linear fracture intensity measure ($P_{10}$) and parameters of the discontinuity in $100m{\times}100m{\times}100m$ model area. As a result the sensitivity analysis showed that key parameters affecting fracture intensity are fracture orientation (Trend / Plunge). Conversion factor($C_{13}$) for $P_{10}$, to calculate volumetric fracture intensity measure ($P_{32}$), is derived in case of vertical well and horizontal well when trend is $10^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$, $150^{\circ}$, $180^{\circ}$ (7cases) and plunge is $5^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $75^{\circ}$, $85^{\circ}$ (7cases). It is expected that this paper can be used effectively for modeling and understanding DFN model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.249-258
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• 2010

This study seeks to improve NFRDI Serial Oceanographic observation (NSO) system which has been operated at current observation stations in the Korean Seas since 1961 and suggests the direction of NSO for practical use of Korean operational oceanographic system. For improvement, data handling by human after CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth) observation on the deck, data transmission, data reception in the land station, and file storage into database need to be automated. Software development to execute QA/QC (Quality Assurance/Quality Control) of real-time oceanographic observation data and to transmit the data with conversion to appropriate format automatically will help to accomplish the automation. Inmarsat satellite telecommunication systems with which have already been equipped on board the current observation vessels can realize the real-time transmission of the data. For the near real-time data transmission, CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) wireless telecommunication can provide efficient transmission in coastal area. Real-time QA/QC procedure after CTD observation will help to prevent errors which can be derived from various causes.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.57-65
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• 2011

Numerical simulations by three-dimensional Particle Flow Code($PFC^{3D}$, Itasca) considering distinct element method (DEM) were carried out for prediction of triaxial compression test with sand material. The effect of scale conditions for numerical model and distinct material on final prediction results was analyzed by numerical models under various scale conditions, and following observations were made from the numerical experiments. It is very useful to model the initial material condition without any porosity conversion from 2-D to 3-D DEM. Numerical experiments have shown that in all cases considered, 3D distinct element modeling could provide good agreement on stress-strain behavior, volume change and strength properties with laboratory testing results. It was important thing to assess reasonable scale ratio of numerical model and distinct elements for saving calculation time and securing calculation efficiency under condition with accuracy and appropriateness as numerical laboratory. As results of DEM simulations under various scale conditions, most of results show that shear strength properties as cohesion and internal friction angle are similar in condition of $D_{mod}/D_{gmax}$ < 10. It shows that 3-D distinct element method could be used as efficient tool to assess strength properties by numerical laboratory technique.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.2347-2352
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• 2011

driver for safety always check the status of their vehicle, and it is essential to understand. But if you want to know the status of the driver of the vehicle in specialist referral time and money because it costs the operator shall be paid.IT technoligy with the development of the various features of your phone to check the status of the vehicle was able to do. However, the car' existing phone system, car diagnostic expertise must be learned because it will reveal the status of the vehicle do not have the expertise to not highlight the need for diagnostic. To reflect these points in smartphone users to easily use their own vehicles at a time to determine the status of a system that is required. In this paper, OBD-II protocol conversion WiFi OBD-II connector, retrieving information from the driver of the vehicle replacement cycle of consumables required vehicle inspection, vehicle problems in real-time diagnostic information to the user ease of use shows the iPhone implementation in the automotive supply was implemented based on the smartphone.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.27-33
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• 2016

The aim of numerical study is the investigation of the solid and fluid temperatures in a reformer tube and chemical reaction characteristics of different steam-carbon ratio. We considered conjugate heat transfer contain radiation, convection and conductive heat transfers. This is because steam reforming reaction of hydrocarbon occurred high temperature conditions up to 800 K- 1000 K by using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code (Fluent ver. 13.0). For numerical simulation, the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes, momentum and energy equation were employed. In addition, inside of reformer tube is assumed as the porous medium to consider the Nichrome-based catalyst. To analysis characteristics of tube temperature in chemical reaction, we changed steam-methane ratio(SCR) from 1 to 6. As increased SCR, the higher tube temperature and methane conversion were observed. It was obtained that the highest hydrogen production held in SCR of 5.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.88-92
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• 2018

'UFO2MF' and 'Korean MetaFont Generator' have been developed to convert UFO codes to the corresponding Metafont codes by using outline editing methods. However, 'UFO2MF' cannot express smooth curves because it use only reference points without using control points. And 'Korean MetaFont Generator' can easily design the curve of characters, and supports Hangul characters, but this system does not support Roman characters. In this paper, we propose a UFO2xMF system, which can convert both Korean and Roman characters from outline text information into Metafont codes. UFO2xMF can apply attribute values which can change the shape of letters during the conversion of Metafont code. It is also a highly compatible system that can convert the characters of various languages not only Korean characters but also Roman and other characters into Metafont codes by applying letters with baseline and centerline of gravity.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.162-172
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• 2011

This paper proposes embedded System of two wheeled inverted pendulum robot designed by model based design method, using MATLAB/SIMULINK and LEGO NXT Mindstorms. At first, stability and performance of controller is verified through modeling and simulation. After that direct conversion from simulation model to C code is carried and effectiveness of controller is experimentally verified. Two wheeled inverted pendulum robot has basic function about autonomous balancing control using principle of inverted pedulum and it is also possible to arrive at destination. In this paper, state feedback controller designed by quadratic optimal control method is used. And quadratic optimal control uses state feedback control gain K to minimize performance index function J. Because it is easy to find gain, this control method can be used in the controller of two wheeled inverted pendulum robot. This proposed robot system is experimentally verified with following performances - balancing control, disturbance rejection, remote control, line following and obstacle avoidance.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.8
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• pp.1784-1791
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• 2020

The 14 MeV neutron generator facility is being developed by the Institute for Plasma Research India to conduct the lab scale experiments related to Indian breeding blanket system for ITER and DEMO. It will also be utilized for material testing, shielding experiments and development of fusion diagnostics. Occupational radiation exposure control is necessary for the all kind of nuclear facilities to get the operational licensing from governing authorities and nuclear regulatory bodies. In the same way, the radiation exposure for the 14 MeV neutron generator facility at the occupational worker area and accessible zones for general workers should be under the permissible limit of AERB India. The generator is designed for the yield of 10¹² n/s. The shielding assessment has been made to estimate the radiation dose during the operational time of the neutron generator. The facility has many utilities and constraints like ventilation ducts, accessible doors, accessibility of neutron generator components and to conduct the experiments which make the shielding assessment challenging to provide proper safety for occupational workers and the general public. The neutron and gamma dose rates have been estimated using the MCNP radiation transport code and ENDF -VII nuclear data libraries. The ICRP-74 fluence to dose conversion coefficients has been used for the assessment. The annual radiation exposure has been assessed by considering 500 h per year operational time. The provision of local shield near to neutron generator has been also evaluated to reduce the annual radiation doses. The comprehensive results of radiation shielding capability of neutron generator building and local shield design have been presented in the paper along with detailed maps of radiation field.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.129-138
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• 2004

Recently, maintenance of clean ocean is very important issue. One part of the issue strongly relates to the safe navigation of vessels. Most parts of safe navigation depend on the mariner's competencies. STCW was established to guarantee the sufficient mariner's competencies. However the code dose not indicate the each necessary competency clearly. Therefore, the understandings on STCW are not same among training institutes, and each training institute interprets them individually and executes them. As a result, it makes big differences among the institutes concerning training methods and contents and the assessment on mariner's competencies. The countries in EU have paid attention on this issue and the activities enhance the rational assessment of competencies through METNET. In order to execute the rational assessments, it is necessary to clarify the techniques being assessed. And it means the necessity to clarify the necessary techniques for safe navigation and to assess the competencies to achieve them, and then we can attain the objectives of STCW. In this paper, the necessary techniques for achievement of safe navigation are discussed and the methods of assessment of competencies are proposed. As we apply proposed assessment system, we can get the mariner's competency quantitatively and continuously through training period. Then we can know the trend of the competency that is the learning process. By clarifying the learning process of the techniques, we can decide the necessary training time to achieve the competencies. Furthermore, we can discuss the issues on conversion between training onboard and simulator used training by analysing the learning processes.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.161-166
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• 2013

With recent development in information technology, IT convergence has been achieved ubiquitously in all areas of industry. In particular, there have been a lot of changes in medical IT conversion sector in terms of user service. In this regard, this paper attempts to propose an environment in which the existing paper prescription can be transferred in the form of QR codes using mobile handsets as one of practices from the perspective of user service. QR codes can minimize the burden resulting from the process of the output, delivery and storage of paper prescriptions. In addition, they can utilize the representation of the information in a wide variety of ways, and they are considered to be media that can minimize the risk of personal information exposure and falsification due to the restoration and encryption of the information. Accordingly, the application of QR codes to the medical field is expected to improve confidentiality ad storage capability of the information, along with users' convenience.